Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T15:08:55.477Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

ARTHROPODS ASSOCIATED WITH A MANZANITA GALL INDUCED BY THE APHID TAMALIA COWENI (COCKERELL) (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Michael A. Valenti ,
Alan A. Berryman  and
George T. Ferrell
Michael A. Valenti
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 99164-6382
Alan A. Berryman*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 99164-6382
George T. Ferrell
Affiliation:
USDA Forest Service, PSW Forest and Range Research Station, 2400 Washington Avenue, Redding, California, USA 96001
*
2Author to whom reprint requests should be directed.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Galls induced by the aphid Tamalia coweni (Cockerell) were sampled from greenleaf manzanita (Arctostaphylos patula E. Greene) in Shasta County, California. Thirty galls from each of four sites were collected over a 5-year period (1990–1994) at roughly weekly intervals (N = 5010). The contents of each gall were examined and recorded. Excluding T. coweni, 25 taxa were encountered representing eight arthropod orders: Acari, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera. All play a minor role in the gall community with the exception of two species of Diptera. The data suggest that Leucopis sp. and Heringia sp. are obligatory predators of T. coweni and coexist by partitioning the aphid resource with different exploitation strategies. Heringia sp. has a relatively low infestation rate (10.8%) but is a superior competitor. Leucopis sp. compensates for its inability to compete effectively with Heringia sp. by maintaining a higher infestation rate (41.4%).

Résumé

Des galles provoquées par la présence du puceron Tamalia coweni (Cockerell) ont été recueillies sur des plants de la busserole Arctostaphylos patula E. Greene dans le comté de Shasta, en Californie. Trente galles ont été récoltées environ toutes les semaines, à quatre sites, pendant 5 ans (1990–1994) (N = 5010). Le contenu de chaque galle a été examiné et noté. À part T. coweni, 25 taxons appartenant à huit ordres d’arthropodes, acariens, thysanoptères, hémiptères, neuroptères, coléoptères, diptères, lépidoptères et hyménoptères, ont été identifiés. Tous jouent un rôle négligeable au sein des communautés gallicoles, à l’exception de deux espèces de diptères. Les données indiquent que Leucopis sp. et Heringia sp. sont des prédateurs obligés de T. coweni et ces espèces se partagent la ressource des pucerons en l’exploitant par des stratégies différentes. Heringia sp. a un taux d’infestation relativement faible (10,8%) mais est un meilleur compétiteur. Leucopis sp. compense son efficacité moins grande dans la compétition avec Heringia sp. en maintenant des taux élevés d’infestation (41,4%).

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 128 , Issue 5 , October 1996 , pp. 839 - 847
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, N.H. 1962. Anthocoridae of the Pacific Northwest with notes on distributions, life histories, and habits (Heteroptera). The Canadian Entomologist 94: 1325–1334.Google Scholar
Bailey, S.F. 1938. Thrips of Economic Importance in California. University of California College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station, Berkeley, California, Circular 346: 77 pp.Google Scholar
Ball, C.T., Keeley, J., Mooney, H., Seemann, J., and Winner, W.. 1983. Relationship between form, function and distribution of two Arctostaphylos species (Ericaceae) and their putative hybrids. Acta Ecologica 4: 153–164.Google Scholar
Bobb, M.L. 1965. Insect parasite and predator studies in a declining sawfly population. Journal of Economic Entomology 58: 925–926.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Böving, A.G., and Champlain, A.B. 1920. Larvae of North American beetles of the family Cleridae. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum 57: 575–649.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, N.R., and Clark, R.C.. 1956. Studies of predators of the balsam wooly aphid, Adelges piceae (Ratz.) (Homoptera: Adelgidae). II. An annotated list of the predators associated with the balsam wooly aphid in eastern Canada. The Canadian Entomologist 88: 678–683.Google Scholar
Culliney, T.W., Beardsley, J.W. Jr., and Drea, J.J.. 1988. Population regulation of the Eurasian pine adelgid (Homoptera: Adelgidae) in Hawaii. Journal of Economic Entomology 81: 142–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Essig, E.O. 1915. Aphididae of California. XI. Journal of Entomology and Zoology 7: 180–200.Google Scholar
Essig, E.O. 1926. Insects of Western North America. MacMillan, New York, NY. 1035 pp.Google Scholar
Gaimari, S.D. 1993. Comparative Life Histories and Morphology of the Immature Stages of Three Leucopis spp. (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), and Methods for Rearing Leucopis. M.Sc. thesis, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. 120 pp.Google Scholar
Itô, Y. 1989. The evolutionary biology of sterile soldiers in aphids. Trends in Ecology and Evoluion 4: 69–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Judd, W.W. 1964. Insects and spiders from goldenrod galls of Gnorimoschema gallaesolidaginis Riley (Gelechiidae). The Canadian Entomologist 96: 987–990.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelton, L.A. 1978. The Anthocoridae of Canada and Alaska, Heteroptera: Anthocoridae. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada. Part 4. Canadian Department of Agriculture Publication 1639: 101 pp.Google Scholar
Krantz, G.W. 1978. A Manual of Acarology (2nd ed.). Oregon State University Book Stores, Inc., Corvallis, OR. 509 pp.Google Scholar
Krombein, K.V., Hurd, P.D. Jr., Smith, D.R., and Burks, B.D.. 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. 3 vols., 2735 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kulman, H.M. 1965. Natural control of the eastern tent caterpillar and notes on its status as a forest pest. Journal of Economic Entomology 58: 66–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, T. 1973. Thrips: Their Biology, Ecology and Economic Importance. Academic Press, New York, NY. 349 pp.Google Scholar
Nault, L.R., Montgomery, M.E., and Bowers, W.S.. 1976. Ant-aphid association: Role of aphid alarm pheromone. Science 192: 1349–1351.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Newell, I.M. 1957. Studies on the Johnstonianidae (Acari, Parasitengona). Pacific Science 11: 396–466.Google Scholar
Richards, W.R. 1967. A revision of Tamalia, with descriptions of two new species from Mexico (Homoptera: Aphididae). The Canadian Entomologist 99: 65–74.Google Scholar
Rotheray, G.E., and Gilbert, F.S.. 1989. The phylogeny and systematics of European predacious Syrphidae (Diptera) based on larval and puparial stages. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 95: 29–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sholes, O.D.V., and Beatty, S.W.. 1987. Influence of host phenology and vegetation on the abundance of Tamalia coweni galls (Hompotera: Aphididae) on Arctostaphylos insularis (Ericaceae). American Midland Naturalist 118: 198–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siegel, J. 1992. Statistix® (version 4.0) User's Manual. Analytical Software, St. Paul, MN. 319 pp.Google Scholar
Steel, R.G.D., and Torrie, J.H.. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. 633 pp.Google Scholar
Stevenson, A.B. 1967. Leucopis simplex (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) and other species occurring in galls of Phylloxera vitifoliae (Homoptera: Phylloxeridae) in Ontario. The Canadian Entomologist 99: 815–820.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilden, J.W. 1950. Notes on the habits of Phyllobaenus scabra (LeConte) (Cleridae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 4: 17–19.Google Scholar
Tracewski, K.T. 1983. Description of the immature stages of Leucopis sp. nr. albipuncta (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) and their role as predators of the apple aphid, Aphis pomi (Homoptera: Aphididae). The Canadian Entomologist 115: 735–742.Google Scholar
Valenti, M.A. 1994. Insects Associated with Greenleaf Manzanita, Arctostaphylos patula E. Greene (Ericaceae), and Their Potential as Silvicultural Tools for Vegetation Management. Ph.D. dissertation, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. 139 pp.Google Scholar
Valenti, M.A., and Gaimari, S.D.. 1992. The manzanita leafgall aphid, Tamalia coweni (Cockerell) (Homoptera: Aphididae), and its association with the predator Leucopis sp. (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae). Proceedings of the Washington State Entomological Society 54: 972–977.Google Scholar
White, R.E. 1983. A Field Guide to the Beetles of North America. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA. 368 pp.Google Scholar