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A COMPARISON OF EPIGAEIC COLEOPTERA ASSEMBLAGES IN ORGANIC, CONVENTIONAL, AND ABANDONED ORCHARDS IN NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Isobel A. Pearsall  and
Sandra J. Walde
Isobel A. Pearsall
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
Sandra J. Walde
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4J1
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Abstract

The beetle fauna of conventional, organic, and abandoned apple orchards was monitored in the Annapolis Valley, Nova Scotia, between May and September 1991. Treatment in the three types of orchards differed with respect to weed control, disease control, fertilization, and general care. The most commonly captured beetles in all three types of orchards were carabids, in particular, Carabus nemoralis Müller, Carabus granulatus Linné, Harpalus rufipes (DeGeer), and Pterostichus coracinus (Newman). In general, abundance of predaceous beetles was highest in the conventional orchards and lowest in the abandoned orchards. Generic composition of predaceous beetles was similar among orchards, although the abandoned orchards were characterized by high proportions of the larger carabids, C. nemoralis and C. granulatus, whereas the organic and conventional orchards were dominated by the smaller carabids, H. rufipes and P. coracinus. Although there were no significant differences among orchard type in the total abundance of non-predaceous beetles, the abandoned orchards displayed the greatest diversity of non-predaceous beetles, with the lowest diversity found in the organic orchards.

Résumé

La faune des coléoptères a été étudiée dans des vergers de pommiers traditionnels, organiques et abandonnés de la vallée d’Annapolis, Nouvelle-Ecosse, entre mai et septembre 1991. Les trois types de vergers différaient par les traitements qui y étaient appliqués, lutte contre les mauvaises herbes et les maladies, addition d’engrais, soins généraux. Les coléoptères les plus communs dans les trois types de vergers étaient les carabes, notamment Carabus nemoralis Müller, Carabus granulatus Linné, Harpalus rufipes (DeGeer) et Pterostichus coracinus (Newman). Généralement, c’est dans les vergers traditionnels que l’abondance des coléoptères prédateurs était le plus élevée et dans les vergers abandonnés qu’elle l’était le moins. La composition générique des communautés de coléoptères prédateurs était semblable d’un verger à l’autre, mais les vergers abandonnés contenaient des proportions plus élevées de gros carabes, C. nemoralis et C. granulatus, alors que les deux autres types de vergers étaient dominés par les carabes plus petits, H. rufipes et P. coracinus. Bien que nous n’ayons pas relevé de différences significatives entre les types de vergers quant à l’abondance totale des coléoptères non prédateurs, c’est dans les vergers abandonnés que nous avons constaté la plus grande diversité de coléoptères non prédateurs et c ’ est dans les vergers organiques que la diversité était le plus faible.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 127 , Issue 5 , October 1995 , pp. 641 - 658
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1995

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