Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-2h6rp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-21T18:12:18.616Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Reservoirs for Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), a polyphagous parasitoid of cereal aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

P. J. Cameron ,
W. Powell  and
H. D. Loxdale
P. J. Cameron
Affiliation:
Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
W. Powell
Affiliation:
Entomology Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts, UK
H. D. Loxdale
Affiliation:
Entomology Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Aphidius ervi Hal. parasitised natural populations of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Sitobion avenae (F.) and Microlophium carnosum (Buckt.) in Britain but parasitised few examples of S. avenae placed on trap plants in winter wheat, nettle-grass edge areas or lucerne-wheat strip crops. In laboratory experiments, Aphidius ervi reared from Acyrthosiphon pisum did not parasitise M. carnosum, and significantly fewer mummies were formed on S. avenae than on A. pisum. After rearing Aphidius ervi for 4–5 generations on S. avenae, similar numbers of mummies were formed on both hosts. The switch of hosts from Acyrthosiphon pisum to S. avenae was associated with the loss of certain parasitoid esterase enzyme bands revealed following electrophoretic separation of parasitoid proteins. Slow adaptation to new aphid hosts by polyphagous parasitoids such as Aphidius ervi may reduce the usefulness of reservoirs as a source of beneficial species.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 74 , Issue 4 , December 1984 , pp. 647 - 656
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ankersmit, G. W., Acreman, T. M. & Dijkman, H. (1981). Parasitism of colour forms in Sitobion avenae.—Entomologia exp. appl. 29, 362–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, P. J., Allan, D. J., Walker, G. P. & Wightman, J. A. (1983). Management experiments on aphids (Acyrthosiphon spp.) and beneficial insects in lucerne.—N. Z. J. exp. Agric. 11, 343–349.Google Scholar
Carter, N., McLean, I. F. G., Watt, A. D. & Dixon, A. F. G. (1980). Cereal aphids: a case study and review.—Appl. Binl. 5, 271–348.Google Scholar
Dean, G. J., Jones, M. G. & Powell, W. (1981). The relative abundance of the hymenopterous parasites attacking Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and Sitobion avenae (F.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on cereals during 1973–79 in southern England.—Bull. ent. Res. 71, 307–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dempster, J. P. & Coaker, T. H. (1974). Diversification of crop ecosystems as a means of controlling pests.—pp. 106–114in Price-Jones, D. P. & Solomon, M. E. (Eds.). Biology in pest and disease control.—398 pp. Oxford, Blackwell.Google Scholar
González, D., Gordh, G., Thompson, S. N. & Adler, J. (1979). Biotype discrimination and its importance to biological control.—pp. 129–136in Hoy, M. A. & McKelvey, J. J., Jr. (Eds.). Genetics in relation to insect management.—179 pp. New York, Rockefeller Foundation.Google Scholar
Harris, H. & Hopkinson, D. A. (1977). Handbook of enzyme electrophoresis in human genetics.—Amsterdam, North Holland.Google Scholar
Jones, M. G. (1980). Observations on primary and secondary parasites of cereal aphids.—Entomologist's mon. Mag. 115, 61–71.Google Scholar
Lester, L. J. & Selander, R. K. (1979). Population genetics of haplodiploid insects.—Genetics 92, 1329–1345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loxdale, H. D., Castañera, P. & Brookes, C. P. (1983). Electrophoretic study of enzymes from cereal aphid populations. I. Electrophoretic techniques and staining systems for characterising isoenzymes from six species of cereal aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae).—Bull. ent. Res. 73, 645–657.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucchesi, J. C. (1978). Gene dosage compensation and the evolution of sex chromosomes.—Science 202, 711–716.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Němec, V.&Stary, P. (1983). Elpho-morph differentiation in Aphidius ervi Hal. biotype on Microlophium carnosum (Bckt.) related to parasitization on Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.) (Hym., Aphidiidae).—Z. angew. Ent. 95, 524–530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perrin, R. M. (1975). The role of the perennial stinging nettle, Urtica dioica, as a reservoir of beneficial natural enemies.—Ann. appl. Biol. 81, 289–297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potts, G. R. & Vickerman, G. P. (1974). Studies on the cereal ecosystern.—Adv. ecol. Res. 8, 107–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, W. (1982). The identification of hymenopterous parasitoids attacking cereal aphids in Britain.—Syst. Entomol. 7, 465–473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, W. & Zhang, Z. L. (1983). The reactions of two cereal aphid parasitoids, Aphidius uzbekistanicus and A. ervi to host aphids and their food-plants.—Physiol. Entomol. 8, 439–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robert, Y. & Rabasse, J. M. (1977). Role écologique de Digitalis purpurea dans la limitation naturelle des populations du puceron strié de la pomme de terre Aulacorthum solani par Aphidius urticae dans l'ouest de la France.—Entomophaga 22, 373–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlinger, E. I. & Dietrick, E. J. (1960). Biological control of insect pests aided by strip-farming alfalfa in experimental program.—Calif. Agric. 14, 8–9, 15.Google Scholar
Schwartz, M. & Sofer, W. (1976). Diet-induced alterations in distribution of multiple forms of alcohol dehydrogenase in Drosophila melanogaster.—Nature, Lond. 269, 129–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, M. A, & Cornell, H. V. (1979). Hopkins host-selection in Nasonia vitripennis and its implications for sympatric speciation.—Anim. Behav. 27, 365–370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starý, P. (1972). Host range of parasites and ecosystem relations, a new viewpoint in multilateral control concept (Horn., Aphididae; Hym., Aphidiidae).—Annls Soc. ent. Fr.(N.S.) 8, 351–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starý, P. (1976). Parasite spectrum and relative abundance of parasites of cereal aphids in Czechoslovakia (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae; Homoptera, Aphidoidea).—Acta entomol. Bohemoslov. 73, 216–223.Google Scholar
Starý, P. (1978). Seasonal relations between lucerne, red clover, wheat and barley agro-ecosystems through the aphids and parasitoids (Homoptera, Aphididae; Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae).—Acta entomol. Bohemoslov. 75, 296–311.Google Scholar
Starý, P. (1983). Colour patterns of adults as evidence on Aphidius ervi biotypes in field environments (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae).—Acta entomol. Bohemoslov. 80, 377–384.Google Scholar
Starý, P. & Lyon, J. P. (1980). Acyrthosiphon pisum ononis (Homoptera, Aphididae) and Ononis species as reservoirs of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae).—Acta entomol. Bohemoslov. 77, 65–75.Google Scholar
Unruh, T. R., White, W., González, D., Gordh, G. & Luck, R. F. (1983). Heterozygosity and effective size in laboratory populations of Aphidius ervi (Hym.: Aphidiidae).—Entomophaga 28, 245–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar