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Comparative developmental biology of populations of three European and one North American Eubazus spp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoids of Pissodes spp. weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

M. Kenis ,
M.A. Hulme  and
N.J. Mills
M. Kenis*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Biological Control, European Station, Delémont, Switzerland
M.A. Hulme
Affiliation:
Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, Canada
N.J. Mills
Affiliation:
Division of Biological Control, University of California, Berkeley, USA
*
M. Kenis, IIBC European Station, 1 Chemin des Grillons, 2800 Delémont, Switzerland.
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Abstract

Observations were made on the developmental responses of the North American braconid species, Eubazus crassigaster, a parasitoid of the white pine weevil, Pissoles strobi, and three European congeneric species, E. semirugosus, E. robustus, and Eubazus sp. Several populations of Eubazus spp. were compared in their phenology in the laboratory and under natural conditions. When reared in the laboratory on non-diapausing Pissodes castaneus, mountain populations of E. semirugosus and E. robustus entered into an obligatory diapause in the host larva, whereas all the other populations tested developed continuously. Diapausing larvae continued their development only after having experienced at least three months at 2°C. Non-diapausing populations of Eubazus spp. significantly differed in the duration of pre-imaginal development, with E. semirugosus being the fastest developing species and E. robustus the slowest. Outdoor rearings of Eubazus spp. on P. castaneus showed that E. crassigaster, Eubazus sp. and the lowland biotype of E. semirugosus emerged in the year of oviposition if this occurred early enough to allow parasitoid development. In contrast, a majority of E. robustus individuals overwintered in the host larvae, regardless of the oviposition date. The diapausing, mountain biotype of E. semirugosus is considered as the most promising candidate for control of P. strobi in Canada, because it is likely to be better adapted to the life cycle of the target host than the other Eubazus spp., including the native E. crassigaster.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 86 , Issue 2 , April 1996 , pp. 143 - 153
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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