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No effect of a high-fat diet on promotion of sex hormone-induced prostate and mammary carcinogenesis in the Noble rat model

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

G. Leung ,
I. F. F. Benzie ,
A. Cheung ,
S. W. Tsao  and
Y. C. Wong
G. Leung
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
I. F. F. Benzie
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
A. Cheung
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
S. W. Tsao
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Y. C. Wong*
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
*
*Corresponding author: Professor Y. C. Wong, fax +852 2817 0857, email ycwong@hkucc.hku.hk
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Abstract

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Results of international correlation and migrant studies suggest that dietary fat promotes carcinogenesis in hormone-sensitive sites, but this is disputed. In the present study, we used a Noble rat model of sex hormone-induced cancers to examine the effect of a high-fat diet on the incidence and latency of prostate and mammary cancer in male (n 139) and female (n 72) animals respectively. We also measured α-tocopherol levels in female breast tissue to determine whether a high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids depletes antioxidant defence in target tissues, providing a possible potentiating mechanism for carcinogenesis. Results showed a very high incidence of hormone-induced adenocarcinomas of prostate and mammary gland, irrespective of diet. There was no difference in the pattern of carcinogenesis in different prostatic locations, weight of the prostate, or weight gain between male rats on the high-fat diet compared with the control (standard, low-fat) diet. In female rats, the incidence of mammary cancer and the body-weight gain were the same in both dietary groups, and breast α-tocopherol was also unaffected by dietary fat intake. Our present results are supportive of recent cohort studies that reported no significant association between intake of fat and the development of human prostate and breast cancer, and do not support a role for dietary fat in promoting sex hormone-induced prostate and mammary carcinogenesis.

Keywords

Noble ratsProstate cancerBreast cancerCarcinogenesisDietary fatVitamin E
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 88 , Issue 4 , October 2002 , pp. 399 - 409
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2002

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