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Changes in fatty acid concentrations in tissues of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell, as a consequence of dietary carnitine, fat and lysine supplementation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

R. O. A Ozório ,
J. L. A Uktoseja ,
E. A. Huisman  and
J. A. J Verreth
J. L. A Uktoseja
Affiliation:
Fish Culture and Fisheries Group,Wageningen Institute of Animal Science (WIAS), Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
E. A. Huisman
Affiliation:
Fish Culture and Fisheries Group,Wageningen Institute of Animal Science (WIAS), Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
J. A. J Verreth
Affiliation:
Fish Culture and Fisheries Group,Wageningen Institute of Animal Science (WIAS), Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract

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A study was undertaken to examine the effect of different dietary carnitine (200 and 1000 mg/kg diet) and fat (90 and 190 g/kg diet) supplementation on growth and fatty acid concentrations of fish fed either with a low- (13 g/kg) or a high-lysine (21 g/kg) diet. African catfish (22·7 g/fish), Clarias gariepinus Burchell, juveniles were stocked (sixteen aquaria, twenty-five fish per aquarium) and fed for a maximum of 74 d. Dietary lysine had a clear effect on growth performance and feed conversion ratios, but dietary carnitine supplements had no effect. High-carnitine supplements increased total carnitine content (P<0·0004) and reduced tissue free carnitine: acyl-carnitine ratio (P<0·05) compared with low-carnitine supplements. High-fat supplements decreased liver carnitine concentrations. Clear effects on liver fatty acid concentrations were observed in high-carnitine-fed fish compared with low-carnitine-fed fish. The primary liver fatty acids affected were 18:2n-6 (linoleic acid), 20:5n-3 (eicosapentanoic acid) and 22:6n-3 (docosahexanoic acid). The whole-body fatty acid balance suggested that 20:5n-3 disappeared (apparently by β-oxidation) more readily than 18:2n-6 and/or 22:6n-3. From 774 mg 20:5n-3 eaten by high-lysine–high-fat–low-carnitine fish, 58 % was not assimilated into body tissues. High-carnitine-fed fish showed an increase in 20:5n-3 oxidation by 7 % compared with low-carnitine fish. Although dietary carnitine did not improve body growth, these results support the hypothesis that carnitine can enhance the mobilisation of long-chain fatty acids towards oxidation.

Keywords

CarnitineAfrican catfishFatty acid balanceLysine
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 86 , Issue 5 , November 2001 , pp. 623 - 636
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2001

References

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