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In a bilingual state of mind: Investigating the continuous relationship between bilingual language experience and mentalizing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2021

Mehrgol Tiv Open the ORCID record for Mehrgol Tiv [Opens in a new window] ,
Elisabeth O’Regan  and
Debra Titone
Mehrgol Tiv*
Affiliation:
McGill University, Montréal, Canada
Elisabeth O’Regan
Affiliation:
McGill University, Montréal, Canada
Debra Titone*
Affiliation:
McGill University, Montréal, Canada
*
Address for correspondence: Mehrgol Tiv or Debra Titone, Ph.D. Department of Psychology, McGill University 2001 McGill College Ave. Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1G1, Canada Telephone: (514) 398-1778 / Fax: (514) 398-4896 E-mail: mehrgol.tiv@mail.mcgill.ca; debra.titone@mcgill.ca
Address for correspondence: Mehrgol Tiv or Debra Titone, Ph.D. Department of Psychology, McGill University 2001 McGill College Ave. Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1G1, Canada Telephone: (514) 398-1778 / Fax: (514) 398-4896 E-mail: mehrgol.tiv@mail.mcgill.ca; debra.titone@mcgill.ca
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Abstract

Mentalizing, a dynamic form of social cognition, is strengthened by language experience. Past research has found that bilingual children and adults outperform monolinguals on mentalizing tasks. However, bilingual experiences are multidimensional and diverse, and it is unclear how continuous individual differences in bilingual language experience relate to mentalizing. Here, we examine whether individual differences in bilingual language diversity, measured through language entropy, continuously pattern with mentalizing judgments among bilingual adults, and whether this relationship is constrained by first vs. second language reading. We tested sixty-one bilingual adults on a reading and inference task that compared mental state and logical inferences. We found that greater language diversity patterned with higher mentalizing judgments of mental state inferences across all readers, and that L2 readers attributed more mentalizing to logical inferences compared to L1 readers. Together, we found evidence of a positive relationship between continuous individual differences in bilingual language diversity and mentalizing.

Keywords

mentalizingbilingualisminferencestheory of mindsocial cognitionpragmaticslanguage diversity
Type
Research Article
Information
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition , Volume 24 , Issue 5 , November 2021 , pp. 918 - 931
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press.

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All anonymized materials are available on the Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/m2h93/

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