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To use or not to use: Expanding the view on non-addictive psychoactive drug consumption and its implications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2011

Christian P. Müller  and
Gunter Schumann
Christian P. Müller
Affiliation:
Section of Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. christian.mueller@uk-erlangen.dehttp://www.psychiatrie.uk-erlangen.de/wir_ueber_uns/mitarbeiter/e3000/index_ger.html MRC SGDP-Center, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. Gunter.Schumann@kcl.ac.ukhttp://www.iop.kcl.ac.uk/staff/profile/default.aspx?go=10977
Gunter Schumann
Affiliation:
MRC SGDP-Center, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. Gunter.Schumann@kcl.ac.ukhttp://www.iop.kcl.ac.uk/staff/profile/default.aspx?go=10977
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Abstract

Proposing a change to the view on psychoactive drug use in non-addicts touches a sensitive issue because of its potential implications to addiction prevention, therapeutic practice, and drug policy. Commentators raised nine questions that ranged from clarifications, suggested extensions of the model to supporting data previously not regarded, to assumptions on the implications of the model. Here, we take up the suggestions of the commentators to expand the model to behavioral addictions, discuss additional instrumentalization goals, and review the evidence from laboratory animal studies on drug instrumentalization. We consider further the role of sociocultural factors and individual development in the establishment in drug instrumentalization and addiction. Finally, we clarify which implications we think this model may have. We conclude that drug instrumentalization theory can be further applied to other behaviors but will require a sensitive debate when used for drug and addiction policy that directly affects prevention and treatment.

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Authors' Response
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Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 34 , Issue 6 , December 2011 , pp. 328 - 347
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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