Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-xtgtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-18T23:34:13.255Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

TRAVELLING WITH THE POTTER'S WHEEL IN THE EARLY BRONZE AGE AEGEAN

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2020

Maria Choleva
Maria Choleva*
Affiliation:
Fitch Laboratory, British School at Athens
*
mholeva@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

By adopting the chaîne opératoire approach as a dynamic theoretical and methodological framework for studying ancient technologies, this paper investigates the modalities behind the appearance of the potter's wheel in the Aegean during the Early Bronze Age II (c. 2550–2200 bc). Based on the comparative examination of ceramic assemblages from different Aegean sites, an extended technological study has been carried out in order to track the earliest wheel-made pottery and reconstruct the craft behaviours perpetrated by the use of the potter's wheel across the Aegean. The paper presents the results of this multi-site study and aims to (a) trace out the wheel-based technological traditions, (b) explore the contexts of the learning and transmission of the new tool, (c) shed light on the connectivity among Aegean and western Anatolian communities that enabled the transfer of the new craft knowledge, and, finally, (d) bring into view the mechanisms behind its emergence and appropriation. By considering technologies as representing an entire social system of knowing, perceiving and acting on the material world, it will be argued that the spread of the potter's wheel in the Aegean does not reflect a moment of linear diffusion of a technological innovation, adopted thanks to certain techno-functional advantages. Instead, it discloses the resilience of social identities and values embedded through the practical engagement of individuals in the production of their material culture. The potter's wheel, in fact, emerges as a socially and culturally mediated practice, specific to small groups of potters trained within a technological tradition of Anatolian origin, performing their craft in the Aegean socio-cultural milieus. Furthermore, its transfer reveals a multidirectional and dynamic crossing of material cultures that designated a navigable world where traditions, objects and people travelled, mixed and merged in unpredictable ways.

Ταξιδεύοντας με τον κεραμικό τροχό στο Αιγαίο της Πρώιμης Εποχής του Χαλκού

Υιοθετώντας την εγχειρηματική αλυσίδα ως ένα δυναμικό θεωρητικό και μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο μελέτης των αρχαίων τεχνολογιών, το παρόν άρθρο διερευνά τους όρους εμφάνισης του κεραμικού τροχού στο Αιγαίο κατά την Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού 2 (2550–2200 π.Χ.). Στη βάση μιας συγκριτικής εξέτασης κεραμικών συνόλων από διαφορετικές αιγαιακές θέσεις, μια εκτεταμένη τεχνολογική μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε με σκοπό να εντοπισθούν τα πρωιμότερα τροχοποίητα αγγεία στο Αιγαίο και να ανασυσταθούν οι υποκείμενες τεχνικές συμπεριφορές. Το άρθρο παρουσιάζει τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της μελέτης και στοχεύει (α) στην ιχνηλάτηση εκείνων των τεχνολογικών παραδόσεων που εδραιώνονται στη χρήση του κεραμικού τροχού, (β) στη διερεύνηση των πλαισίων εκμάθησης και μεταβίβασης του νέου εργαλείου, (γ) στην κατανόηση της συνδεσιμότητας μεταξύ αιγαιακών και ανατολικών κοινοτήτων, η οποία κι επέτρεψε τη μετάδοση της νέας τεχνικής γνώσης και τέλος (δ) στην ανάδειξη των μηχανισμών πίσω από την ανάδυση και την ιδιοποίησή της. Κατανοώντας τις τεχνολογίες ως κοινωνικά συστήματα γνώσης, πρόσληψης και δράσης στον υλικό κόσμο, θα υποστηριχθεί ότι η διάδοση του κεραμικού τροχού στο Αιγαίο δεν αντανακλά μια στιγμή γραμμικής διάχυσης μιας τεχνολογικής καινοτομίας, η οποία υιοθετείται λόγω ορισμένων τεχνικών και λειτουργικών πλεονεκτημάτων. Φανερώνει, αντιθέτως, την ανθεκτικότητα των κοινωνικών ταυτοτήτων και αξιών που εμπεδώνονται κατά την πρακτική εμπλοκή των ατόμων στην παραγωγή του υλικού τους πολιτισμού. Ο κεραμικός τροχός αναδύεται, πράγματι, ως μια κοινωνικά και πολιτισμικά διαμεσολαβημένη πρακτική, ειδοποιός μικρών ομάδων κεραμέων που έχουν εκπαιδευτεί σε μια τεχνολογική παράδοση της δυτικής Ανατολίας και επιτελούν την τέχνη τους στα κοινωνικο-πολιτισμικά περιβάλλοντα του Αιγαίου. Επιπλέον, η μετάδοσή του αποκαλύπτει μια δυναμική, πολλών κατευθύνσεων, διασταύρωση υλικών πολιτισμών, σκιαγραφώντας έναν πλωτό κόσμο, όπου παραδόσεις, αντικείμενα και άνθρωποι ταξιδεύουν, αναμειγνύονται και διαπλέκονται με απρόβλεπτους τρόπους.

Type
Articles
Information
Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 115 , December 2020 , pp. 59 - 104
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens, 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Albero Santacreu, D. 2014. Materiality, Techniques and Society in Pottery Production: Current Perspectives in the Technological Study of Archaeological Ceramics through Paste Analysis (Berlin).10.2478/9783110410204CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Angelopoulou, A. 2003. “Η Ομάδα Καστριού και το Κορφάρι των Αμυγδαλιών (Πάνορμος) Νάξου”, in Vlachopoulos, A. and Birtacha, K. (eds), ΑΡΓΟΝΑΥΤΗΣ: Τιμητικός τόμος για τον Καθηγητή Χρίστο. Γ. Ντούμα από τους μαθητές του στο Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (1980–2000) (Athens), 159–90.Google Scholar
Arnold, D.E. 1985. Ceramic Theory and Cultural Process (Cambridge and New York).Google Scholar
Audouze, F. 2002. ‘Leroi Gourhan: a philosopher of technique and evolution’, Journal of Archaeological Research, 10.4, 277–306.10.1023/A:1020599009172CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldi, J. and Roux, V. 2016. ‘The innovation of the potter's wheel: a comparative perspective between Mesopotamia and the southern Levant’, Levant 48.3, 236–53.10.1080/00758914.2016.1230379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bensa, A. and Cresswell, R. 1996. ‘À propos de la technologie culturelle. Entretien avec Robert Cresswell’, Genèses 24.1, 120–36.10.3406/genes.1996.1404CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berg, I. 2009. ‘X-radiography of Knossian Bronze Age vessels: assessing our knowledge of primary forming techniques’, BSA 104, 137–73.Google Scholar
Bernabò-Brea, L. 1976. Poliochni. Citta preistorica nell’ isola di Lemnos, vol. 2 (Rome).Google Scholar
Binford, L. 1965. ‘Archaeological systematics and the study of culture process’, AmerAnt 31.2, 203–10.Google Scholar
Bintliff, J. 2016. ‘Early Bronze Age Troy and the emergence of complex societies in the Aegean’, in Pernicka, E., Ünlüsoy, S. and Blum, S.W.E. (eds), Early Bronze Age Troy: Chronology, Cultural Development and Interregional Contacts (Studia Troica Monographien 8; Bonn), 259–66.Google Scholar
Blegen, C.W., Caskey, J.L. and Rawson, M. 1951. Troy, vol. 2: The Third, Fourth, and Fifth Settlements (Princeton, NJ).Google Scholar
Blegen, C.W., Caskey, J.L., Rawson, M. and Sperling, J. 1950. Troy, vol. 1: General Introduction: The First and the Second Settlements (Princeton, NJ).Google Scholar
Bonatsos, St. and Romanou, C. 2015. “Παλαμάρι Σκύρου: η στρωματογραφική ακολουθία του οικισμού στην περιοχή της Νότιας Οχύρωσης”, in Parlama, L., Theochari, M.D., Romanou, C. and Bonatsos, St. (eds), Ο Οχυρωμένος Προϊστορικός Οικισμός στο Παλαμάρι Σκύρου. Διεπιστημονική Συνάντηση για το Έργο Έρευνας και Ανάδειξης (Athens), 49–69.Google Scholar
Bril, B. 2002. ‘L'apprentissage de gestes techniques: ordre de contraintes et variations culturelles’, in Bril, B. and Roux, V. (eds), Le Geste technique. Réflexions méthodologiques et anthropologiques (Revue d'Anthropologie des connaissances, Technologies, Idéologies, Pratiques vol. 14.2; Ramonville Saint-Agne), 113–50.Google Scholar
Bril, B. and Roux, V. 2002. ‘Regards croisés sur le geste technique’, in Bril, B. and Roux, V. (eds), Le Geste technique. Réflexions méthodologiques et anthropologiques (Revue d'Anthropologie des connaissances, Technologies, Idéologies, Pratiques vol. 14.2; Ramonville Saint-Agne), 7–12.Google Scholar
Broodbank, C. 2000. An Island Archaeology of the Early Cyclades (Cambridge).Google Scholar
Çalis-Sazci, D. 2006. ‘Die Troianer und das Meer-Keramik und Handelsbeziehungen der sogenannten “Maritimen Troia-Kultur”’, in Korfmann, M.O. (ed.), Troia. Archäologie eines Siedlungshügels und seiner Landschaft (Mainz), 201–7.Google Scholar
Caloi, I. 2011. ‘Le innovazioni technologiche nella Messarà: dal wheel-fashioning al wheel-throwing’, in Carinci, F., Cucuzza, N., Militello, P. and Palio, O. (eds), Kρήτης Μινωίδος (Studi di Archeologia Cretese 10; Padua), 87–102.Google Scholar
Çevik, Ö. and Sağır, M. 2016. ‘The rise of the elites on both sides of the Aegean Sea’, in Pernicka, E., Ünlüsoy, S. and Blum, S.W.E. (eds), Early Bronze Age Troy: Chronology, Cultural Development and Interregional Contacts (Studia Troica Monographien 8; Bonn), 267–76.Google Scholar
Charalambidou, X, Kiriatzi, E., Müller, N.S., Georgakopoulou, M., Müller-Celka, S. and Krapf, T. 2016. ‘Eretrian ceramic products through time: investigating the early history of a Greek metropolis’, JAS: Reports 7, 530–5.Google Scholar
Chatzipouliou, E. 1997. “Εξειδικευμένες δραστηριότητες στο Παλαμάρι της Σκύρου στο τέλος της τρίτης χιλιετίας”, in Doumas, Chr. and La Rosa, V. (eds), Η Πολιόχνη και η Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού στο Bόρειο Αιγαίο (Athens), 357–61.Google Scholar
Chevallier, D. 1991. ‘Des savoirs efficaces’, in Chevallier, D. (ed.), Savoir faire et pouvoir transmettre (Paris and Lille), 5–11.Google Scholar
Choleva, M. 2012. ‘The first wheel-made pottery at Lerna: wheel-thrown or wheel-fashioned?’, Hesperia 81.3, 343–81.10.2972/hesperia.81.3.0343CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choleva, M. 2015a. ‘L'Apparition et la diffusion du tour de potier dans le monde égéen’ (unpublished PhD thesis, University of Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne).Google Scholar
Choleva, M. 2015b, “Περιστρέφοντας τον κεραμικό τροχό στο Παλαμάρι Σκύρου: νέες τεχνολογικές πρακτικές και κεραμικές παραδόσεις στο Αιγαίο της Πρώιμης Εποχής του Χαλκού”, in Parlama, L., Theochari, M.D., Romanou, C. and Bonatsos, St. (eds), Ο Οχυρωμένος Προϊστορικός Οικισμός στο Παλαμάρι Σκύρου. Διεπιστημονική Συνάντηση για το Έργο Έρευνας και Ανάδειξης (Athens), 143–66.Google Scholar
Choleva, M. 2018a. ‘Craft behaviours during a period of transformations: the introduction and adoption of the potter's wheel in central Greece during Early Bronze Age’, in Caloi, I. and Langohr, C. (eds), Technology in Crisis: Technological Changes in Ceramic Production during Periods of Trouble (Louvain-la-Neuve), 45–74.Google Scholar
Choleva, M. 2018b. “Παράγοντας έναν τεχνίτη για τον τροχό στο προϊστορικό Αιγαίο της 3ης χιλιετίας π.Χ.: προς μια κοινωνική θεώρηση της τεχνικής πράξης”, Krisi 3, 53–94.Google Scholar
Choleva, M. in press. ‘L'Histoire d'un savoir-faire: la transmission du tour de potier et l’émergence de nouvelles traditions technologiques dans le monde égéen pendant 3e millénaire’, Annales de la Fondation Fyssen.Google Scholar
Christmann, E. 1996. Die deutschen Ausgrabungen auf der Pevkakia-Magula in Thessalien II. Die frühe Bronzezeit (Bonn).Google Scholar
Coupaye, L. 2015. ‘Chaîne opératoire, transects et théories: quelques réflexions et suggestions sur le parcours d'une méthode classique’, in Soulier, P. (ed.), André Leroi-Gourhan ‘L'homme, tout simplement’ (Travaux de la MAE 20; Paris), 69–84.Google Scholar
Coupaye, L. and Douny, L. 2009. ‘Dans la trajectoire des choses comparaison des approches francophones et anglophones contemporaines en anthropologie des techniques’, Techniques & Culture 52–3, 12–39.10.4000/tc.4956CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Courty, M.-A. and Roux, V. 1995. ‘Identification of wheel throwing on the basis of ceramic surface features and microfabrics’, JAS 25, 17–50.Google Scholar
Cresswell, R. 1976. ‘Techniques et cultures, les bases d'un programme de travail’, Techniques & Culture 1, 7–59.Google Scholar
Cresswell, R. 1983. ‘Transferts de techniques et chaînes opératoires’, Techniques & Culture 2, 143–63.Google Scholar
Day, P., Doumas, Chr., Erkanal, H., Kilikoglou, V., Kouka, O., Relaki, M. and Şahoglu, V. 2009. ‘New light on the ‘Kastri Group’: a petrographic and chemical investigation of ceramics from Liman Tepe and Bekle Tepe’, Arkeometri Sonuçlari Toplantisi 24, 335–46.Google Scholar
Dietler, M. and Herbich, I. 1998. ‘Habitus, techniques, style: an integrated approach to the social understanding of material culture and boundaries’, in Stark, M.T. (ed.), The Archaeology of Social Boundaries (Washington, DC and London), 232–62.Google Scholar
Dobrès, M.-A. 1999. ‘Technology's links and chaînes: the processual unfolding of technique and technician’, in Dobrès, M.-A. and Hoffman, C.R. (eds), The Social Dynamics of Technology: Practice, Politics, and Worldviews (Washington, DC), 124–39.Google Scholar
Dobrès, M.-A. 2000. Technology and Social Agency: Outlining a Practice Framework for Archaeology (Oxford).Google Scholar
Dobrès, M.-A. and Hoffman, C.R. 1994. ‘Social agency and the dynamics of prehistoric technology’, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 1.3, 211–58.10.1007/BF02231876CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobrès, M.-A. and Robb, J.E. 2005. ‘Doing agency: introductory remarks on methodology’, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 12, 159–66.10.1007/s10816-005-6926-zCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doumas, Chr. and Angelopoulou, A. 1997. “Οι βασικοί κεραμικοί τύποι της Πολιόχνης και η διάδοσή τους στο Αιγαίο κατά την Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού”, in Doumas, Chr. and La Rosa, V. (eds), Η Πολιόχνη και η Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού στο Bόρειο Αιγαίο (Athens), 543–55.Google Scholar
Dunnell, C. 1978. ‘Style and function: a fundamental dichotomy’, AmerAnt 43.2, 192–202.Google Scholar
Efe, T. 1988. Demircihüyük. Die Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen 1975–1978, vol. 3, part 2: Die Keramik 2C: die frühbronzezeitliche Keramik der jüngeren Phasen (ab Phase H) (Mainz).Google Scholar
Efe, T. 2007. ‘The theories of the “Great Caravan Route” between Cilicia and Troy: the Early Bronze Age III period in inland western Anatolia’, AnatSt 57, 47–64.Google Scholar
Erkanal, H. and Şahoğlu, V. 2016. ‘Liman Tepe, an Early Bronze Age trade center in Western Anatolia: recent investigations’, in Pernicka, E., Ünlüsoy, S. and Blum, S.W.E. (eds), Early Bronze Age Troy: Chronology, Cultural Development and Interregional Contacts (Studia Troica Monographien 8; Bonn), 157–66.Google Scholar
Eslick, C. 2009. Elmalı-Karataş V. The Early Bronze Age Pottery of Karataş: Habitation Deposits (Bryn Mawr, PA).Google Scholar
Fidan, E., Sari, D. and Türkteki, M. 2015. ‘An overview of the Western Anatolian Early Bronze Age’, EJA 18, 60–89.10.1179/1461957114Y.0000000070CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forsén, J. 1992. The Twilight of the Early Helladics: A Study of the Disturbances in East-Central and Southern Greece towards the End of the Early Bronze Age (Jonsered).Google Scholar
Foster, G.M. 1959. ‘The potter's wheel: an analysis of idea and artifact in invention’, Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 15, 99–119.10.1086/soutjanth.15.2.3628800CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, D.H. 1966. ‘Anatolian pottery in the Aegean area’, AnatSt 16, 49–53.Google Scholar
Friedrich, C. 1997. ‘Die Keramik der maritimen Troia-Kultur’, Studia Troica 7, 111–258.Google Scholar
Gandon, E., Casanova, R., Sainton, P., Coule, T., Roux, V., Bril, B. and Bootsmah, R.J. 2011. ‘A proxy of potters’ throwing skill: ceramic vessels considered in terms of mechanical stress’, JAS 38, 1080–9.Google Scholar
Gelbert, A. 1994. ‘Tour et tournette en Espagne, recherche de macrotraces significatives des différentes techniques et méthodes de façonnage’, in Audouze, F. and Binder, D. (eds), Terre cuite et société: la céramique, document technique, économique, culturel. XIVe rencontres internationales d'archéologie et d'histoire d'Antibes (Juan-les-Pins), 59–74.Google Scholar
Gelbert, A. 1997. ‘De l’élaboration au tour au tournage sur motte: difficultés motrices et conceptuelles’, Techniques & Culture 30, 1–23.Google Scholar
Gkougkouli, K. 2012. “Άνθρωποι, αντικείμενα και τεχνικές: σύγχρονες ανθρωπολογικές προσεγγίσεις της τεχνολογίας”, in Yalouri, E. (ed.), Υλικός Πολιτισμός. Η Ανθρωπολογία στη Χώρα των Πραγμάτων (Athens), 281–317.Google Scholar
Goldman, H. 1956. Excavations at Gözlükule, Tarsus, vol. 2: The Neolithic through the Bronze Age (Princeton, NJ).Google Scholar
Gorogianni, E., Abell, N. and Hilditch, J. 2016. ‘Reconsidering technological transmission: the introduction of the potter's wheel at Ayia Irini, Kea, Greece’, AJA 120, 195–220.10.3764/aja.120.2.0195CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gosselain, O.P. 1998. ‘Social and technical identity in a clay crystal ball’, in Stark, M. (ed.), The Archaeology of Social Boundaries (Washington D.C. and London), 78–106.Google Scholar
Gosselain, O.P. 2000. ‘Materializing identities: an African perspective’, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 7.3, 187–217.10.1023/A:1026558503986CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gosselain, O.P. 2008. ‘Mother Bella was not a Bella: inherited and transformed traditions in southwestern Niger’, in Stark, M., Bower, B. and Horne, L. (eds), Cultural Transmission and Material Culture: Breaking Down the Boundaries (Tucson, AZ), 150–77.Google Scholar
Gosselain, O.P. 2011a. ‘Fine if I do, fine if I don't: dynamics of technical knowledge in Sub-Saharan Africa’, in Roberts, B.W. and Vander Linden, M. (eds), Investigating Archaeological Cultures: Material Culture, Variability, and Transmission (Berlin), 211–27.10.1007/978-1-4419-6970-5_11CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gosselain, O.P. 2011b. ‘Technology’, in Insoll, T. (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of Ritual and Religion (Oxford), 243–60.Google Scholar
Gosselain, O.P. 2016. ‘Commentary: on fluxes, connections and their archaeological manifestations’, in Kiriatzi, E. and Knappett, C. (eds), Human Mobility and Technological Transfer in the Prehistoric Mediterranean (Cambridge), 194–206.Google Scholar
Gosselain, O.P. and Livingstone Smith, A. 2005. ‘The source: clay selection and processing practices in Sub-Saharian Africa’, in Bosquet, D., Livingstone Smith, A. and Martineau, R. (eds), Pottery Manufacturing Processes: Reconstruction and Interpretation, Actes du XIVème Congrès de l'UISSP (BAR International Series 1349; Oxford), 33–47.Google Scholar
Hasaki, E. 2019. ‘Potters and their wheels in ancient Greece: skills and secrets in communities of practice’, in Denti, M. and Villette, M. (eds), Archéologie des espaces artisanaux. Fouiller et comprendre les gestes des potiers (Rennes), 293–314.Google Scholar
Hayden, B. 1995. ‘The emergence of prestige technologies and pottery’, in Barnett, W.K. and Hoopes, J.W. (eds), The Emergence of Pottery: Technology and Innovation in Ancient Societies (London), 257–66.Google Scholar
Hood, S. 1981–2. Excavations in Chios, 1938–1955: Prehistoric Emporio and Ayio Gala. Vol. I–II (BSA Supp. Vols 16–17; London).Google Scholar
Ingold, T. 2000. The Perception of the Environment: Essays on Livelihood, Dwelling and Skill (London and New York).Google Scholar
Jeffra, C. 2011. ‘The archaeological study of innovation: an experimental approach to the pottery wheel in Bronze Age Crete and Cyprus’ (unpublished PhD thesis, University of Exeter).Google Scholar
Jeffra, C. 2013. ‘A re-examination of early wheel potting in Crete’, BSA 108, 1–19.Google Scholar
Joukowsky, M.S. 1986. Prehistoric Aphrodisias: An Account of the Excavations and Artifact Studies (Louvain-la-Neuve).Google Scholar
Jung, R. and Weninger, B. 2015. ‘2200 bc: archaeological and environmental impact of the 4.2 ka cal BP event in the central and eastern Mediterranean’, in Meller, H., Wolfgang Arz, H., Jung, R. and Risch, R. (eds), 2200 bc: A Climate Breakdown as a Cause for the Collapse of the Old World (Tagungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte Halle, Volume 12/I; Halle), 205–34.Google Scholar
Kalogerakou, P. 2003. “Η εμφάνιση της κεραμεικής ομάδας Λευκαντί Ι στους πρωτοελλαδικούς οικισμούς”, in Vlachopoulos, A. and Birtacha, K. (eds), ΑΡΓΟΝΑΥΤΗΣ: Τιμητικός τόμος για τον Καθηγητή Χρίστο. Γ. Ντούμα από τους μαθητές του στο Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (1980–2000) (Athens), 191–210.Google Scholar
Kiriatzi, E., Andreou, S., Dimitriadis, S. and Kotsakis, K. 1997. ‘Co-existing traditions: handmade and wheelmade pottery in Late Bronze Age central Macedonia’, in Laffineur, R. and Betancourt, P.P. (eds), TEXNH: Craftsmen, Craftswomen and Craftsmanship in the Aegean Bronze Age (Aegaeum 16; Liège), 361–7.Google Scholar
Knappett, C. 1999. ‘Tradition and innovation in pottery forming technology: wheel throwing at Middle Minoan Knossos’, BSA 94, 101–29.Google Scholar
Knappett, C. 2004a. ‘Technological innovation and social diversity at Middle Minoan Knossos’, in Cadogan, G., Hatzaki, E. and Vasilakis, A. (eds), Knossos: Palace, City, State. Proceedings of the Conference in Herakleion Organized by the British School at Athens and the 23rd Ephoreia of Prehistorical and Classical Antiquities of Herakleion, in November 2000, for the Centenary of Sir Arthur Evans's Excavations at Knossos (BSA Studies 12; London), 257–65.Google Scholar
Knappett, C. 2004b. ‘The affordances of things: a post-Gibsonian perspective on the relationality of mind and matter’, in De Marrais, E., GosDen, C. and Renfrew, C. (eds), Rethinking Materiality: The Engagement of Mind with the Material World (Cambridge), 43–51.Google Scholar
Knappett, C. 2016. ‘Resisting innovation? Learning, cultural evolution and the potter's wheel in the Mediterranean Bronze Age’, in Mendoza Straffon, L. (ed.), Cultural Phylogenetics: Concepts and Applications in Archaeology (Berlin), 97–111.10.1007/978-3-319-25928-4_5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knappett, C. and Kiriatzi, E. 2016. ‘Technological mobilities: perspectives from the eastern Mediterranean. An introduction’, in Kiriatzi, E. and Knappett, C. (eds), Human Mobility and Technological Transfer in the Prehistoric Mediterranean (Cambridge), 1–17.Google Scholar
Knappett, C. and van der Leeuw, S.E. 2014. ‘A developmental approach to ancient innovation: the potter's wheel in the Bronze Age East Mediterranean’, Pragmatics and Cognition 22, 64–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Konsola, D. 1981. “Προμυκηναϊκή Θήβα” (unpublished PhD thesis, University of Athens).Google Scholar
Korfmann, M. 2000. ‘Troia – Ausgrabungen 1999’, Studia Troica 10, 1–52.Google Scholar
Kouka, O. 2002. Siedlungsorganisation in der Nord- und Ostägäis während der Frühbronzezeit (3. Jt. v. Chr.) (Rahden).Google Scholar
Kouka, O. 2009. ‘Third millennium bc Aegean chronology: old and new data from the perspective of the third millennium ad’, in Manning, S.W. and Bruce, M.J. (eds), Tree-Rings, Kings, and Old World Archaeology and Environment: Papers Presented in Honor of Peter Ian Kuniholm (Oxford), 133–48.Google Scholar
Kouka, O. 2013. ‘“Minding the gap”. Against the gaps: the Early Bronze Age and the transition to the Middle Bronze Age in the northern and eastern Aegean/Western Anatolia’, AJA 117.4, 569–80.10.3764/aja.117.4.0569CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kouka, O. 2016. ‘The built environment and cultural connectivity in the Aegean Early Bronze Age’, in Molloy, B. (ed.), Of Odysseys and Oddities: Scales and Modes of Interaction between Prehistoric Aegean Societies and their Neighbours (Oxford and Philadelphia, PA), 203–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kouka, O. and Menelaou, S. 2018. ‘Settlement and society in Early Bronze Age Heraion: exploring stratigraphy, architecture and ceramic innovation after mid-3rd millennium bc’, in Alram-Stern, E. and Horejs, B. (eds), Pottery Technologies and Sociocultural Connections between the Aegean and Anatolia during the 3rd Mill. bc (Vienna), 119–42.Google Scholar
Kozatsas, J. 2020. The Dialectic of Practice and the Logical Structure of the Tool: Philosophy, Archaeology and the Anthropology of Technology (Praehistorica Mediterranea 7; Oxford).10.2307/j.ctvwh8c23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lave, J. and Wenger, E. 1991. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation (Cambridge).10.1017/CBO9780511815355CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemonnier, P. 1980. Les Salines de l'ouest. Logique technique, logique sociale (Paris).Google Scholar
Lemonnier, P. 1986. ‘The study of material culture today: towards an anthropology of technical systems’, JAnthArch 5, 147–86.Google Scholar
Lemonnier, P. 1992. Elements for an Anthropology of Technology (Ann Arbor, MI).10.3998/mpub.11396246CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemonnier, P. 1993. ‘Introduction’, in Lemonnier, P. (ed.), Technological Choices: Transformations in Material Culture since the Neolithic (London and New York), 1–36.Google Scholar
Leroi-Gourhan, A. 1964. Le Geste et la parole. Technique et langage (Paris).Google Scholar
Lloyd, S. and Gökçe, N. 1951. ‘Excavations at Polatli: a new investigation of second and third millennium stratigraphy in Anatolia’, AnatSt 1, 21–75.Google Scholar
Lloyd, S. and Mellaart, J. 1962. Beycesultan, vol. 1: The Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age Levels (London).Google Scholar
Lyman, R.L. and O'Brien, M.J. 2000. ‘Measuring and explaining change in artifact variation with clade-diversity diagrams’, JAnthArch 19, 39–74.Google Scholar
Mallegni, C. and Vacca, A. 2013. ‘Connections between Syria and Anatolia in the second half of the 3rd millennium bc: the Tarsus sequence’, in Bombardieri, L., D'Agostino, A., Guarducci, G., Orsi, V. and Valentini, S. (eds), SOMA 2012: Identity and Connectivity. Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, Florence, Italy, 1–3 March 2012, vol. 1 (BAR International Series 2581; Oxford), 209–17.Google Scholar
Maniatis, G. and Arvaniti, Th. 2015. “Χρονολογήσεις οστών με άνθρακα -14 από το Παλαμάρι Σκύρου και σύγκριση με άνθρακες: ο ακριβώς προσδιορισμός των οικιστικών φάσεων”, in Parlama, L., Theochari, M.D., Romanou, C. and Bonatsos, St. (eds), Ο Οχυρωμένος Προϊστορικός Οικισμός στο Παλαμάρι Σκύρου. Διεπιστημονική Συνάντηση για το Έργο Έρευνας και Ανάδειξης (Athens), 239–55.Google Scholar
Manning, S.W. 1995. The Absolute Chronology of the Aegean Early Bronze Age: Archaeology, Radiocarbon and History (Sheffield).Google Scholar
Manning, S.W. 1997. ‘Troy, radiocarbon, and the chronology of the northeast Aegean in the Early Bronze Age’, in Doumas, Chr. and La Rosa, V. (eds), Η Πολιόχνη και η Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού στο Bόρειο Αιγαίο (Athens), 498–521.Google Scholar
Mansfeld, G. 2001. ‘Die Kontroll-Ausgrabungen des “Pinnacle E4/5” im Zentrum der Burg Troia’, Studia Troica 11, 51–308.Google Scholar
Maran, J. 1998. Kulturwandel auf dem griechischen Festland und den Kykladen im späten 3. Jt. v. Chr.: Studien zu den kulturellen Verhältnissen in Südosteuropa und dem zentralen sowie östlichen Mittelmeerraum in der späten Kupfer- und frühen Bronzezeit, Vols 1–2 (Bonn).Google Scholar
Massa, M. and Palmisano, A. 2018. ‘Change and continuity in the long-distance exchange networks between western/central Anatolia, northern Levant and northern Mesopotamia, c. 3200–1600 bce’, JAnthArch 49, 65–87.Google Scholar
Mauss, M. 1967. Manuel d'ethnographie (Paris).Google Scholar
Mauss, M. 2009. ‘Techniques of the body’, in Schlanger, N. (ed.), Marcel Mauss: Techniques, Technology and Civilization (New York and Oxford), 77–95.Google Scholar
Mellink, M. 1986. ‘The Early Bronze Age in west Anatolia: Aegean and Asiatic correlations’, in Cadogan, G. (ed.), The End of the Early Bronze Age in the Aegean (Leiden), 139–52.Google Scholar
Mellink, M. 1989. ‘Anatolia and foreign relations of Tarsus in the Early Bronze Age’, in Emre, K., Mellink, N., Hruda, B. and Özgüç, N. (eds), Anatolia and the Near East: Studies in the Honor of Tahsin Özgüç (Ankara), 319–32.Google Scholar
Mellink, M. 1993. ‘The Anatolian south coast in the Early Bronze Age: the Cilician perspective’, in Frangipane, M., Hauptmann, H., Liverani, M., Matthiae, P. and Mellink, M. (eds), Between the Rivers and over the Mountains: archaeologica anatolica et mesopotamica Alba Palmieri dedicate (Rome), 495–508.Google Scholar
Menelaou, S. 2015. ‘The Heraion of Samos under the microscope: a preliminary technological and provenance assessment of the Early Bronze Age II late to III (c. 2500–2200 bc) pottery’, in Theodoropoulou-Polychoniadis, Z. and Evely, D. (eds), Aegis: Essays in Mediterranean Archaeology Presented to Matti Egon by the Scholars of the Greek Archaeological Committee UK (Oxford), 25–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menelaou, S., Kouka, O. and Day, P. 2016. ‘Pottery production and exchange at the Heraion, Samos during the late third millennium bc: first steps in the study of technology and provenance’, JAS: Reports 7, 480–8.Google Scholar
Milojčić, V. 1961. Samos I: Die prähistorische Siedlung unter dem Heraion (Bonn).Google Scholar
Müller-Celka, S., Kiriatzi, E., Charalambidou, X. and Müller, N.S. 2018. ‘EH II–III pottery groups from Eretria (Euboea)’, in Alram-Stern, E. and Horejs, B. (eds), Pottery Technologies and Sociocultural Connections between the Aegean and Anatolia during the 3rd Mill. bc (Vienna), 197–213.Google Scholar
Nakou, G. 2007. ‘Absent presences: metal vessels in the Aegean at the end of the third millennium’, in Day, P.M. and Doonan, R.C.P. (eds), Metallurgy in the Early Bronze Age Aegean (Oxford), 224–44.Google Scholar
Nazou, M. 2013. ‘Defining the regional characteristics of Final Neolithic and Early Bronze Age pottery in Attica’ (unpublished PhD thesis, University College London).Google Scholar
O'Brien, M.J. and Lyman, R.L. 2003. ‘Style, function, transmission: an introduction’, in Stark, M., Bower, B. and Horne, L. (eds), Cultural Transmission and Material Culture: Breaking Down the Boundaries (Tucson, AZ), 1–32.Google Scholar
Özdogan, E. 2016. ‘Kanlıgeçit. An Anatolian model of an urban center in eastern Thrace: an overview’, in Pernicka, E., Ünlüsoy, S. and Blum, S.W.E. (eds), Early Bronze Age Troy: Chronology, Cultural Development and Interregional Contacts (Studia Troica Monographien 8; Bonn), 197–207.Google Scholar
Özguç, T. 1986. ‘New observations on the relationship of Kültepe with southeast Anatolia and north Syria during the 3rd millennium bc’, in Canby, J.V., Porada, E., Ridway, B.S. and Stech, T. (eds), Ancient Anatolia: Aspects of Change and Cultural Development. Essays in Honor of Machteld J. Mellink (Madison, WI), 31–47.Google Scholar
Parlama, L. 2007. “Παλαμάρι Σκύρου. Παρατηρήσεις στην εξέλιξη του οικισμού κατά την 3η π.Χ. χιλιετία και προβλήματα αστικοποίησης”, in Simantoni-Bournia, E., Laimou, A.A., Mendoni, L.G. and Kourou, N. (eds), Αμύμονα Έργα. Τιμητικός τόμος για τον Kαθηγητή Β. Λαμπρινουδάκη (Athens), 25–48.Google Scholar
Parlama, L. 2009. “Παλαμάρι Σκύρου. Η ανασκαφή της οχύρωσης 2000–2007”, in Drougou, S., Evgenidou, D., Kritzas, C., Kaltsas, N., Penna, V., Tsourti, I., Galani-Krikou, M. and Ralli, E. (eds), Κερμάτια Φιλίας. Τιμητικός τόμος για τον Ι. Τουράτσογλου (Athens), 227–41.Google Scholar
Parlama, L. and Theochari, M.D. 2015. “Παλαμάρι Σκύρου: νεότερα δεδομένα για τη στρωματογραφία και τη χρονολόγηση του οικισμού”, in Parlama, L., Theochari, M.D., Romanou, C. and Bonatsos, St. (eds), Ο Οχυρωμένος Προϊστορικός Οικισμός στο Παλαμάρι Σκύρου. Διεπιστημονική Συνάντηση για το Έργο Έρευνας και Ανάδειξης (Athens), 39–48.Google Scholar
Pavuk, P. 2016. ‘Dating of the pinnacle in square E4/5, Dörpfeld stratigraphy and formation processes at Troy’, in Pernicka, E., Ünlüsoy, S. and Blum, S.W.E. (eds), Early Bronze Age Troy: Chronology, Cultural Development and Interregional Contacts (Studia Troica Monographien 8; Bonn), 49–60.Google Scholar
Peperaki, O. 2004. ‘The House of the Tiles at Lerna: dimensions of “social complexity”’, in Barrett, J.C. and Halstead, P. (eds), The Emergence of Civilisation Revisited (Oxford), 214–31.Google Scholar
Pfaffenberger, B. 1988. ‘Fetishised objects and humanised nature: towards an anthropology of technology’, Man 23.2, 236–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfaffenberger, B. 1992. ‘Social anthropology of technology’, Annual Review of Anthropology 21, 491–516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pierret, A. 1995. ‘Analyse technologique des céramiques archéologiques: développements méthodologiques pour l'identification des techniques de façonnage. Un exemple d'application: le matériel du village des Arènes à Levroux (Inde)’ (unpublished PhD thesis, Univeristy of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne).Google Scholar
Pigeot, N. 2011. ‘Chaînes opératoires: contexte théorique et potentiel cognitive’, in Treuil, R. (ed.), L'Archéologie cognitive (Paris), 149–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Popham, M.R. and Sackett, L.H. 1968. Excavations at Lefkandi, Euboea, 1964–66: A Preliminary Report (London).Google Scholar
Psaraki, K. 2008. “Κοινωνικές επιλογές και τεχνολογικές παραδόσεις: Η κεραμική της Βοιωτίας και της Εύβοιας στο τέλος της ΠΕ ΙΙ”, in Aravantinos, V. (ed.), Επετηρίς της Εταιρείας Βοιωτικών Μελετών. Δ΄ Διεθνές Συνέδριο Βοιωτικών Μελετών, Λιβαδειά 9–12 Σεπτεμβρίου 2000 (Athens), 59–80.Google Scholar
Pullen, D.J. 2013. ‘“Minding the gap”: bridging the gaps in cultural change within the Early Bronze Age Aegean’, AJA 117.4, 545–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rahmstorf, L. 2006. ‘Zur Ausbreitung vorderasiatischer Innovationen in der frühbronzezeitlichen Ägäis’, PZ 81, 49–96.Google Scholar
Rahmstorf, L. 2016. ‘Emerging economic complexity in the Aegean and Western Anatolia during earlier third millennium bc’, in Molloy, B. (ed), Of Odysseys and Oddities: Scales and Modes of Interaction between Prehistoric Aegean Societies and their Neighbours (Oxford), 225–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rice, P.M. 1987. Pottery Analysis: A Sourcebook (Chicago, IL and London).Google Scholar
Roux, V. 2003. ‘A dynamic systems framework for studying technological change: application to the emergence of the potter's wheel in the southern Levant’, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 10.1, 1–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roux, V. 2008. ‘Evolutionary trajectories of technological traits and cultural transmission: a qualitative approach to the emergence and disappearance of the ceramic wheel-fashioning technique in the southern Levant during the fifth to third millennia bc’, in Stark, M., Bower, B. and Horne, L. (eds), Cultural Transmission and Material Culture: Breaking Down the Boundaries (Tucson, AZ), 82–104.Google Scholar
Roux, V. 2009. ‘Wheel fashioned ceramic production during the third millennium bce in the southern Levant: a perspective from Tel Yarmuth’, in Rosen, S. and Roux, V. (eds), Techniques and People: Anthropological Perspectives on Technology in the Archaeology of the Proto-Historic and Early Historic Periods in the Southern Levant (Paris), 195–212.Google Scholar
Roux, V. 2010a. ‘Lecture anthropologique des assemblages céramiques: fondements et mise en œuvre de l'analyse technologique’, in Giligny, F. and Méry, S. (eds), Les Nouvelles de l'archéologie. Approche de la Chaîne Opératoire de la Céramique. Le façonnage (Numéro 119; Paris), 4–9.Google Scholar
Roux, V. 2010b. ‘Technological innovations and developmental trajectories: social factors as evolutionary forces’, in O'Brien, M.J. and Shennan, S.J. (eds), Innovation in Cultural Systems: Contributions from Evolutionary Anthropology (Cambridge, MA and London), 217–34.Google Scholar
Roux, V. 2011. ‘Habiletés et inventions: le comportement “intelligent”, un facteur aléatoire dans l’évolution des techniques’, in Treuil, R. (ed.), L'Archéologie cognitive (Paris), 173–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roux, V. 2017. Des Céramiques et des hommes. Décoder les assemblages archéologiques (Paris).Google Scholar
Roux, V. and Corbetta, D. 1990. Le Tour du potier: spécialisation artisanale et compétences techniques (Monographie du CRA no. 4; Paris).Google Scholar
Roux, V. and Courty, M.A. 1998. ‘Identification of wheel-fashioning: technological analysis of 4th–3rd millennium bc oriental ceramics’, JAS 25, 747–63.Google Scholar
Roux, V. and Miroschedji, P. de 2009. ‘Revisiting the history of the potter's wheel in the southern Levant’, Levant 41.2, 155–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rückl, S. and Jacobs, L. 2016. ‘With a little help from my wheel: wheel-coiled pottery in protogeometric Greece’, Hesperia 85, 297–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rutter, J.B. 1979. Ceramic Change in the Aegean Early Bronze Age, the Kastri group, Lefkandi I, and Lerna IV: A Theory Concerning the Origin of the Early Helladic III Ceramics (Los Angeles, CA).Google Scholar
Rutter, J.Β. 2012. ‘Migrant drinking assemblages in Aegean Bronze Age settings’, in Maran, J. and Stockhammer, P.W. (eds), Materiality and Social Practice: Transformative Capacities of Intercultural Encounters (Oxford), 73–88.Google Scholar
Rye, O.S. 1981. Pottery Technology: Principles and Reconstruction (Washington, DC).Google Scholar
Şahoğlu, V. 2002. ‘Liman Tepe Erken Tunç Çağı seramiğinin Ege arkeolojisindeki yeri ve önemi’ (unpublished PhD thesis, Ankara University).Google Scholar
Şahoğlu, V. 2004. ‘Interregional contacts around the Aegean during the Early Bronze Age: new evidence from the Izmir region’, Anadolu 27, 97–120.Google Scholar
Şahoğlu, V. 2005. ‘The Anatolian trade network and the Izmir region during the Early Bronze Age’, OJA 24.4, 339–61.Google Scholar
Şahoğlu, V. 2008. ‘Liman Tepe and Bakla Tepe: new evidence for the relations between the Izmir region, the Cyclades and the Greek mainland during the late fourth and third millennia bc’, in Erkanal, H., Hauptmann, H., Şahoğlu, V. and Tuncel, R. (eds), The Aegean in the Neolithic, Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (Ankara), 483–501.Google Scholar
Şahoğlu, V. 2011. ‘Early Bronze Age pottery in coastal western Anatolia’, in Şahoğlu and Sotirakopoulou , 136–43.Google Scholar
Şahoğlu, V. 2014. ‘The depas and tankard vessels’, in Lebeau, M. (ed.), ARCANE Interregional, vol. 1: Ceramics (Turnhout), 289–311.Google Scholar
Şahoğlu, V. 2019. ‘The Early Bronze Age Anatolian trade network and its role on the transformation of the Anatolian and Aegean communities’, in Şahoğlu, V., Şevketoğlu, M. and Erbil, Y. (eds), Connecting Cultures: Trade and Interconnections in the Ancient Near East from the Beginning until the End of the Roman Period (Anatolia Supplement Series I.4 2019; Ankara), 115–31.Google Scholar
Şahoğlu, V. and Sotirakopoulou, P. 2011 (eds). Across: the Cyclades and Western Anatolia during the 3rd Millennium bc (Istanbul).Google Scholar
Sampson, A. 1985. Μάνικa. Μια Πρωτοελλαδική Πόλη στη Χαλκίδα (Athens).Google Scholar
Sampson, A. 1988. Mάνικα ΙΙ. Ο Πρωτοελλαδικός οικισμός και το νεκροταφείο (Athens)Google Scholar
Sazci, G. 2005. ‘Troia I–III, die Maritime und Troia IV–V, die Anatolische Troia-Kultur: eine Untersuchung der Funde und Befunde im mittleren Schliemanngraben (D07, D08)’, Studia Troica 15, 35–98.Google Scholar
Schiffer, M.B. and Skibo, J.M. 1997. ‘The explanation of artifact variability’, AmerAnt 62.1, 27–50.Google Scholar
Schlanger, N. 2009. ‘Introduction. Technological commitments: Marcel Mauss and the study of techniques in the French social sciences’, in Schlanger, N. (ed.), Marcel Mauss: Techniques, Technology and Civilization (New York and Oxford), 1–30.Google Scholar
Shaw, J.W. 2007, ‘Sequencing the EH II ‘Corridor Houses’, BSA 102, 137–51.Google Scholar
Shennan, S.J. and Wilkinson, J.R. 2001. ‘Ceramic style change and neutral evolution: a case study from Neolithic Europe’, AmerAnt 66.4, 577–93.Google Scholar
Sigaut, F. 1987. ‘Préface: Haudricourt et la technologie’, in Haudricourt, A.-G., La Technologie, science humaine (Paris), 9–34.Google Scholar
Sigaut, F. 1991. ‘L'apprentissage vu par les ethnologues. Un stéréotype?’, in Chevallier, D. (ed.), Savoir faire et pouvoir transmettre (Paris and Lille), 33–42.Google Scholar
Sigaut, F. 2011. ‘Gestes et apprentissage’, in Treuil, R. (ed.), L'Archéologie cognitive (Paris), 189–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sillar, B. and Tite, M.S. 2000. ‘The challenge of technological choices for materials science approaches in archaeology’, Archaeometry 42.1, 2–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skibo, J.M. and Schiffer, M.B. 2008. People and Things: A Behavioral Approach to Material Culture (New York).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sotirakopoulou, P. 1993. ‘The chronology of the Kastri group reconsidered’, BSA 88, 5–20.Google Scholar
Sotirakopoulou, P. 1997. “Κυκλάδες και Βόρειο Αιγαίο”, in Doumas, Chr. and La Rosa, V. (eds), Η Πολιόχνη και η Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού στο Bόρειο Αιγαίο (Athens), 523–42.Google Scholar
Sotirakopoulou, P. 2016. The Pottery from Dhaskalio: The Sanctuary on Keros and the Origins of Aegean Ritual: The Excavations of 2006–2008, vol. 4 (Cambridge).Google Scholar
Spencer, L.C. 2007. ‘Pottery technology and socio-economic diversity on the Early Helladic III to Middle Helladic II Greek mainland’ (unpublished PhD thesis, University College London).Google Scholar
Spencer, L.C. 2010. ‘The regional specialisation of ceramic production in the EH III through MH II period’, in Philippa-Touchais, A., Touchais, G., Voutsaki, S. and Wright, J. (eds), MESOHELLADIKA: The Greek Mainland in the Middle Bronze Age (BCH Suppl. 52; Paris), 669–81.Google Scholar
Spitaels, P. 1984. ‘The Early Helladic period in mine no 3 (theatre sector)’, in Mussche, H.F., Bingen, J., Servais, J. and Spitaels, P. (eds), Thorikos VIII, 1972–1976. Rapport préliminaire sur les 9e, 10e, 11e et 12e campagnes de fouilles (Gent), 151–74.Google Scholar
Theochari, M.D, Parlama, L. and Hatzipouliou, E. 1989. “Κεραμική της Πρώιμης Χαλκοκρατίας ΙΙΙ από το Παλαμάρι της Σκύρου”, in Zerner, C., Zerner, P. and Winder, J. (eds), Wace and Blegen: Pottery as Evidence for Trade in the Aegean Bronze Age 1939–1989 (Amsterdam), 187–93.Google Scholar
Thér, R. 2016. ‘Identification of pottery-forming techniques using quantitative analysis of the orientation of inclusions and voids in thin sections’, Archaeometry 58, 222–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Türkteki, M. 2012. ‘Batı ve Orta Anadolu'da Çark Yapımı Çanak Çömleğin Ortaya Çıkışı ve Yayılımı’, MASROP/E-Dergi 7, 45–111.Google Scholar
Türkteki, M. 2013. ‘The first use of wheel-made pottery and its distribution in western and central Anatolia’, in Bombardieri, L., D'Agostino, A., Guarducci, G., Orsi, V. and Valentini, S. (eds), SOMA 2012. Identity and Connectivity: Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, Florence, Italy, 1–3 March 2012, vol. 1 (BAR International Series 2581; Oxford), 193–200.Google Scholar
Türkteki, M. 2014. ‘Early Bronze Age pottery manufacture in western Anatolia: identifying hybrid technologies through X-ray analysis’, Anatolica 40, 93–109.Google Scholar
Ünlüsoy, S. 2010. ‘Die Stratigraphie der Burg von Troie II’ (unpublished PhD thesis, University of Eberhard-Karls).Google Scholar
Ünlüsoy, S. 2016. ‘Troy and the Aegean during the third millenium bc’, in Pernicka, E., Ünlüsoy, S. and S.W, .E. Blum, (eds), Early Bronze Age Troy: Chronology, Cultural Development and Interregional Contacts (Studia Troica Monographien 8; Bonn), 397–405.Google Scholar
Vacca, A. 2014. ‘Chronology and distribution of 3rd millennium bc flask’, in Pizzimenti, S. and Romano, L. (eds), Šime ummiānka. Studi in onore di Paolo Matthiae in occasione del suo 75° compleanno offerti dall'ultima generazione di allievi (Contributi e Materiali di Archeologia Orientale 16; Rome), 251–86.Google Scholar
Van de Moortel, A. and Zahou, E. 2012. ‘Five years of archaeological excavation at the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age site of Mitrou, east Lokris (2004–2008): preliminary results’, Αρχαιολογικό Έργο Θεσσαλίας και Στερεάς Ελλάδας 3, 1131–46.Google Scholar
Van der Leeuw, S.E. 1993. ‘Giving the potter a choice: conceptual aspects of pottery techniques’, in Lemonnier, P. (ed.), Technological Choices: Transformations in Material Culture since the Neolithic (London and New York), 238–88.Google Scholar
Wenger, E. 1998. Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity (Cambridge).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weninger, B. 2002. ‘Pottery seriation dating at Troy in the Early Bronze Age, based on the Cincinnati classification system’, in Aslan, R., Blum, S.W.E., Kastl, G., Schweizer, F. and Thumm, D. (eds), Mauerschau. Festschrift für Manfred Korfmann, vol. 3 (Remshalden and Grunbach), 1035–62.Google Scholar
Wilson, D.E. 1999. Keos IX: Ayia Irini: Periods I–III. The Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Settlements (Mainz).Google Scholar
Wilson, D.E. 2013. ‘Ayia Irini II–III, Kea: the phasing and relative chronology of the Early Bronze Age II settlement’, Hesperia 82.3, 385–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar