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Evaluation of the effects of different diets on microbiome diversity and fatty acid composition of rumen liquor in dairy goat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2018

P. Cremonesi ,
G. Conte ,
M. Severgnini ,
F. Turri ,
A. Monni ,
E. Capra ,
L. Rapetti ,
S. Colombini ,
S. Chessa  and
G. Battelli
...Show all authors
P. Cremonesi*
Affiliation:
Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, SS-Lodi, via Einstein, 26900 Lodi, Italy
G. Conte
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Agro-ambientali (DISAAA-a), Università di Pisa, via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
M. Severgnini
Affiliation:
Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Fratelli Cervi, 93, 20090 Segrate, Milano, Italy
F. Turri
Affiliation:
Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, SS-Lodi, via Einstein, 26900 Lodi, Italy
A. Monni
Affiliation:
Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, SS-Lodi, via Einstein, 26900 Lodi, Italy
E. Capra
Affiliation:
Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, SS-Lodi, via Einstein, 26900 Lodi, Italy
L. Rapetti
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali (DISAA) – Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
S. Colombini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali (DISAA) – Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
S. Chessa
Affiliation:
Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, SS-Lodi, via Einstein, 26900 Lodi, Italy
G. Battelli
Affiliation:
Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
S. P. Alves
Affiliation:
CIISA, Centro de Investigação interdisciplinar em sanidade animal, faculdade de medicina veterinaria, universidade de lisboa; avenida da universidade tecnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
M. Mele
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Agro-ambientali (DISAAA-a), Università di Pisa, via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
B. Castiglioni
Affiliation:
Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, SS-Lodi, via Einstein, 26900 Lodi, Italy
*
†E-mail: cremonesi@ibba.cnr.it
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Abstract

Fat supplementation plays an important role in defining milk fatty acids (FA) composition of ruminant products. The use of sources rich in linoleic and α-linolenic acid favors the accumulation of conjugated linoleic acids isomers, increasing the healthy properties of milk. Ruminal microbiota plays a pivotal role in defining milk FA composition, and its profile is affected by diet composition. The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of rumen FA production and microbial structure to hemp or linseed supplementation in diets of dairy goats. Ruminal microbiota composition was determined by 16S amplicon sequencing, whereas FA composition was obtained by gas-chromatography technique. In all, 18 pluriparous Alpine goats fed the same pre-treatment diet for 40±7 days were, then, arranged to three dietary treatments consisting of control, linseed and hemp seeds supplemented diets. Independently from sampling time and diets, bacterial community of ruminal fluid was dominated by Bacteroidetes (about 61.2%) and Firmicutes (24.2%) with a high abundance of Prevotellaceae (41.0%) and Veillonellaceae (9.4%) and a low presence of Ruminococcaceae (5.0%) and Lachnospiraceae (4.3%). Linseed supplementation affected ruminal bacteria population, with a significant reduction of biodiversity; in particular, relative abundance of Prevotella was reduced (−12.0%), whereas that of Succinivibrio and Fibrobacter was increased (+50.0% and +75.0%, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found among the average relative abundance of archaeal genera between each dietary group. Moreover, the addition of linseed and hemp seed induced significant changes in FA concentration in the rumen, as a consequence of shift from C18 : 2n-6 to C18 : 3n-3 biohydrogenation pathway. Furthermore, dimethylacetal composition was affected by fat supplementation, as consequence of ruminal bacteria population modification. Finally, the association study between the rumen FA profile and the bacterial microbiome revealed that Fibrobacteriaceae is the bacterial family showing the highest and significant correlation with FA involved in the biohydrogenation pathway of C18 : 3n-3.

Keywords

metagenomegoatrumenfatty aciddimethylacetal
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 12 , Issue 9 , September 2018 , pp. 1856 - 1866
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2018 

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