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Supplying sows energy on the expected day of farrowing improves farrowing kinetics and newborn piglet performance in the first 24 h after birth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 June 2020

R. A. Oliveira ,
J. S. Neves ,
D. S. Castro ,
S. O. Lopes ,
S. L. Santos ,
S. V. C. Silva ,
V. O. Araújo ,
M. F. A. Vieira ,
B. B. D. Muro  and
D. F. Leal
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R. A. Oliveira
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
J. S. Neves
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
D. S. Castro
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
S. O. Lopes
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
S. L. Santos
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
S. V. C. Silva
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
V. O. Araújo
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
M. F. A. Vieira
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
B. B. D. Muro
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
D. F. Leal
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
R. F. Carnevale
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
G. Almond
Affiliation:
Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
C. A. P. Garbossa*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
*
†E-mails: cgarbossa@usp.br; cgarbossa@hotmail.com
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Abstract

The farrowing process is one of the most energy-demanding activities for the modern hyperprolific sow. This study evaluated the effects of supply of energy on the expected date of farrowing on the farrowing kinetics and piglets’ performance during the first 24 h after birth. A total of 80 sows were used. The sows and their respective litters were considered as the experimental unit. On the expected day of farrowing, the sows were allocated to one of the following groups: sows that did not have access to feed from farrowing induction until the end of the farrowing process (CON, n = 40); sows fed 500 g of energetic supplement, which consisted of 250 g of the basal lactation diet plus 250 g of cane sugar, 18 h after farrowing induction (SUP, n = 40). The farrowing duration, farrowing assistance, birth interval, number of total born, stillborn and mummified piglets were recorded for each sow. Piglets were weighed individually at birth and 24 h later. The interval from birth to first suckle was evaluated individually for each piglet in 16 randomly selected litters (eight litters per treatment group). Blood glucose concentrations of six sows were measured shortly after expulsion of the first piglet. Farrowing duration, farrowing assistance and stillborn rate tended to be greater (P = 0.06, P = 0.09 and P = 0.07, respectively) in sows from the CON group compared to sows from the SUP group. However, there was no difference (P > 0.05) between the groups for birth interval. Colostrum intake was greater (P < 0.05) for piglets from the SUP group compared to piglets from the CON group. Additionally, BW gain of the piglets suckling the SUP group was greater (P < 0.05) than those suckling the CON group at 24 h after birth. The blood glucose concentrations during the expulsive stage of farrowing were greater (P < 0.05) in the SUP group than for sows from the CON group. In conclusion, supplying modern hyperprolific sows energy on the expected day of farrowing is a valuable nutritional intervention to improve the farrowing kinetics and piglets’ performance in early life.

Keywords

energy supplementfarrowingstillbirthglucoseswine
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 14 , Issue 11 , November 2020 , pp. 2271 - 2276
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Animal Consortium

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