On the instruction of the UK Government's All Party Parliamentary Group for Animal Welfare, the Circus Working Group was formed in November 1996 to examine animal welfare aspects of circuses and to review current legislation and husbandry practices. This Group, which included representatives from a number of organizations with relevant interests and expertise, made a 2-year investigation of circuses in England and Wales and published a report of its findings, deliberations and recommendations in October 1998. The Group looked into various issues including: the law, the numbers of animals in circuses, accommodation, training, physical and psychological effects, transport, and standards of veterinary care. Evidence was gathered through consultations and also through visits to circuses.