Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T00:13:53.507Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Factors influencing human attitudes to animals and their welfare

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2023

JA Serpell*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This paper reviews the literature on human attitudes to animals, and postulates the existence of two primary motivational determinants of attitudes labelled ‘affect’ and ‘utility’. It also proposes that the relative strengths of these key attitude dimensions are affected by various modifying variables including the specific attributes of the animal, the individual characteristics and experience of the person evaluating the animal, and a range of cultural factors. The role of science as a cultural modifier of human attitudes to animals is also discussed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 2004 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare

References

Arluke, A 1988 Sacrificial symbolism in animal experiments: object or pet? Anthrozoös 2: 98117CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ascione, F R 1993 Children who are cruel to animals: a review of research and implications for developmental psychopathology. Anthrozoös 6: 226247CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, S 1993 Picturing the Beast: Animals, Identity and Representation. Manchester University Press: Manchester, UKGoogle Scholar
Bjerke, T, Kaltenborn, B P and Odegardstuen T, S 2001 Animal-related activities and appreciation of animals among children and adolescents. Anthrozoös 14: 8694CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bjerke, T, Odegardstuen T, S and Kaltenborn, B P 1998 Attitudes toward animals among Norwegian adolescents. Anthrozoös 11: 7986CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowd, A D and Bowd, A C 1989 Attitudes toward the treatment of animals: a study of Christian groups in Australia. Anthrozoös 3: 2024CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broida, J, Tingley, L and Kimball, R 1993 Personality differences between pro-and anti-vivisectionists. Society and Animals 1: 129144Google Scholar
Broom, D M and Johnson, K G 1993 Stress and Animal Welfare. Chapman Hall: London, UKCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burghardt, G H and Herzog, H A 1989 Animals, evolution and ethics. In: Hoage, R J (ed) Perceptions of Animals in American Culture pp 129151. Smithsonian Institution Press: Washington, DC, USAGoogle Scholar
Dawkins, M 1980 Animal Suffering: the Science of Animal Welfare. Chapman Hall: London, UKCrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeGrazia, D 1996 Taking Animals Seriously: Mental Life and Moral Status. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UKCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Douglas, M 1966 Purity and Danger. Penguin Books: London, UKGoogle Scholar
Driscoll, J S 1992 Attitudes toward animal use. Anthrozoös 5: 3239CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunayer, J 1997 Animal Equality: Language and Liberation. Paul and Company: Chicago, Illinois, USAGoogle Scholar
Eddy, T J, Gallup, G G and Povinelli, D 1993 Attribution of cognitive states to animals: anthropomorphism in comparative perspective. Journal of Social Issues 49: 87101CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galvin, S L and Herzog, H A 1998 Attitudes and dispositional optimism of animal rights demonstrators. Society and Animals 6: 112CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glickman, S E 1995 The spotted hyena from Aristotle to the Lion King: reputation is everything. Social Research 62: 501537Google Scholar
Gould, S J 1979 Mickey Mouse meets Konrad Lorenz. Natural History 88: 3036Google Scholar
Gunnthorsdottir, A 2001 Physical attractiveness of an animal species as a decision factor for its preservation. Anthrozoös 14: 204214CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, M 1978 Cannibals and Kings. Collins: London, UKGoogle Scholar
HarWood, D 1928 Love of Animals and How it Developed in Great Britain. Columbia University Press: New York, USA. (Reprinted in 2002 by Mellen Press: Lewiston, New York, USA)Google Scholar
Hemsworth, P H 2003 Human-animal interactions in livestock production. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 81: 185198CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herzog, H A and Burghardt, G M 1988 Attitudes toward animals: origins and diversity. Anthrozoös 1: 214222CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herzog, H A, Betchart, N S and Pittman, R B 1991 Gender, sex role orientation, and attitudes toward animals. Anthrozoös 4: 184191CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hills, A M 1993 The motivational bases of attitudes to animals. Society and Animals 1: 111128CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hills, A M 1995 Empathy and belief in the mental experience of animals. Anthrozoös 8: 132142CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kafer, R, Lago, D, Wamboldt, P and Harrington, F 1992 The pet relationship scale: replication of psychometric properties in random samples and association with attitudes toward wild animals. Anthrozoös 5: 93105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kahn, P H 1997 Developmental psychology and the biophilia hypothesis: children's affiliation with nature. Developmental Review 17: 161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kellert, S R 1980 American attitudes toward and knowledge of animals: an update. International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems 1: 87119Google Scholar
Kellert, S R 1983 Affective, cognitive, and evaluative perceptions of animals. In: Altman, I and Wohlwill, J F (eds) Behavior and the Natural Environment pp 241267. Plenum Press: New York, USACrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kellert, S R 1993a The biological basis for human values of nature. In: Kellert, S R and Wilson, E O (eds) The Biophilia Hypothesis pp 4269. Island Press: Washington, DC, USAGoogle Scholar
Kellert, S R 1993b Attitudes, knowledge, and behavior toward wildlife among the industrial superpowers: United States, Japan, and Germany. Journal of Social Issues 49: 5370CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kellert, S R and Berry, J K 1980 Phase 111: Knowledge, Affection and Basic Attitudes Toward Animals in American Society. United States Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, USAGoogle Scholar
KirkWood, J K and Hubrecht, R 2001 Animal consciousness, cognition and welfare. Animal Welfare 10: 55517Google Scholar
Kruse, C R 1999 Gender, views of nature, and support for animal rights. Society and Animals 7: 179198CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lawrence, E A 1989 Neoteny in American perceptions of animals. In: Hoage, R J (ed) Perceptions of Animals in American Culture pp 5776. Smithsonian Institution Press: Washington, DC, USAGoogle Scholar
Leach, E 1964 Anthropological aspects of language: animal categories and verbal abuse. In: Lenneberg, E (ed) New Direction in the Study of Language pp 2363. MIT Press: Boston, Massachusetts, USAGoogle Scholar
Levi-Strauss, C 1966 The Savage Mind. Chicago University Press: Chicago, USAGoogle Scholar
Loh, J 2000 Living Planet Report 2000. United Nations Environment Program — World Conservation Monitoring Centre. World Wildlife Fund International: Gland, Switzerland. Available at: http://www.panda.org/news_facts/publications/general/livingplanet/lpro2.cfmGoogle Scholar
Maehle, A-E 1994 Cruelty and kindness to the ‘brute creation’: stability and change in the ethics of the man-animal relationship, 1600-1850. In: Manning, A and Serpell, J A (eds) Animals and Human Society: Changing Perspectives pp 81105. Routledge: London, UKGoogle Scholar
Marvin, G 1988 Bullfight Blackwell: Oxford, UKGoogle Scholar
Matthews, S and Herzog, E 1997 Personality and attitudes toward the treatment of animals. Society and Animals S: 169175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miura, A, Bradshaw, J W S and Tanida, H 2002 Childhood experiences and attitudes towards animal issues: a comparison of young adults in Japan and the UK. Animal Welfare 11: 437448Google Scholar
Morris, B 1998 The Power of Animals: an Ethnography. Berg Publishers: Oxford, UKGoogle Scholar
Myers, O E 2002 Symbolic animals and the developing self. Anthrozoös 15: 1936CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakajima, S, Arimitsu, K and Lattal, K M 2002 Estimation of animal intelligence by university students in Japan and the United States. Anthrozoös 15: 194205CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noske, B 1997 Speciesism, anthropocentrism, and non-Western cultures. Anthrozoös 10: 183190CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paul, E 2000 Empathy with animals and with humans: are they linked? Anthrozoös 13: 194202CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paul, E and Serpell, J A 1993 Childhood pet keeping and humane attitudes in young adulthood. Animal Welfare 2: 321337Google Scholar
Pifer, L, Shimizu, K and Pifer, R 1994 Public attitudes toward animal research: some international comparisons. Society and Animals 2: 95113CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Plous, S 1993 Psychological mechanisms in the human use of animals. Journal of Social Issues 49: 1152CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Podberscek, A L 1994 Dog on a tightrope: the position of the dog in British society as influenced by press reports on dog attacks (1988-1992). Anthrozoös 7: 232241CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reading, R P, Miller, B J and Kellert, S R 1999 Values and attitudes toward prairie dogs. Anthrozoös 12: 4352CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowan, A N 1989 Companion animals in the laboratory. Anthrozoös 3: 73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowan, A N and Loew, F M 2001 Animal research: a review of developments, 1950-2000. In: Salem, D J and Rowan, A N (eds) The State of the Animals 2001 pp 111120. Humane Society Press: Washington, DC, USAGoogle Scholar
Schenk, S A, Templer, D I, Peters, N B and Schmidt, M 1994 The genesis and correlates of attitudes toward pets. Anthrozoös 7: 6068CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Serpell, J A 1985 Best friend or worst enemy: cross cultural variation in attitudes to the domestic dog. In: The Human-Pet Relationship pp 112116. Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on the Human-Pet Relationship (IEMT): Vienna, AustriaGoogle Scholar
Serpell, J A 1986 In the Company of Animals. Basil Blackwell: Oxford, UK. (Re-issued in 1996 by Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK)Google Scholar
Serpell, J A 1993 Science and the history of European attitudes to animals. In: Hicks, E K (ed) Science and the Human-Animal Relationship pp 3949. Instituut voor Maatschappijwetenschappen (SISWO): Amsterdam, HollandGoogle Scholar
Serpell, J A 1995 From paragon to pariah: some reflections on human attitudes to dogs. In: Serpell, J A (ed) The Domestic Dog pp 245256. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UKGoogle Scholar
Serpell, J A 2000 The domestication and history of the cat. In: Turner, D and Bateson, P P G (eds) The Domestic Cat: the Biology of its Behaviour, Second Edition pp 180192. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UKGoogle Scholar
Serpell, J A 2002 Anthropomorphism and anthropomorphic selection: beyond the “cute response”. Society and Animals 11: 83100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Serpell, J A and Paul, E S 1994 Pets and the development of positive attitudes to animals. In: Manning, A and Serpell, J A (eds) Animals and Human Society: Changing Perspectives pp 127144. Routledge: London, UKGoogle Scholar
Thomas, K 1983 Animals and the Natural World: Changing Attitudes 1500-1800. Allen Lane: London, UKGoogle Scholar
Webster, J 1994 Animal Welfare: a Cool Eye Towards Eden. Blackwell Science: Oxford, UKGoogle Scholar
Wells, D and Hepper, P 1995 Attitudes to animal use in children. Anthrozoös 8: 159170CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, E O 1984 Biophilia. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts, USACrossRefGoogle Scholar