Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T23:14:02.563Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of yeast culture on rumen fermentation, microbial protein flow from the rumen and live-weight gain in bulls given high cereal diets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

S. M. El Hassan ,
C. J. Newbold ,
I. E. Edwards ,
J. H. Topps  and
R. J. Wallace
S. M. El Hassan
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
C. J. Newbold
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
I. E. Edwards
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen, Department of Agriculture, 581 King Street, Aberdeen AB9 1UD
J. H. Topps
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen, Department of Agriculture, 581 King Street, Aberdeen AB9 1UD
R. J. Wallace
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
Get access

Abstract

Four groups each of eight Limousin × Friesian bulls, average weight 344 kg, were offered individually ad libitum diets comprising: 920 g rolled barley, 50 g cane molasses, 15 g urea and 15 g minerals/vitamins mix per kg or 867·5 g rolled barley, 50 g cane molasses, 7·5 g urea, 60 g soya-bean meal and 15 g minerals/vitamins mix per kg, plus or minus yeast culture (YC, 1·5 kg/t) (all weights fresh weights), until slaughter (460 kg). Rumen samples were obtained by stomach tube. YC decreased rumen ammonia concentrations (116·7, 56·0, 74·3, 45·7 (s.e.d. 19·40) mg/l for barley/urea, barky/urea/YC, barley/soya-bean meal and barley/soya-bean meal/YC, respectively). This was associated with increases (P < 0·05) in both the total number of bacteria (2·3, 4·2, 3·5, 6·8 (s.e.d. 1·06) × 109 per ml, respectively) and the protein content of rumen fluid (7·7, 9·6, 8·7, 9·0 (s.e.d. 0·59) g/l, respectively). However, the flow of microbial protein from the rumen as estimated from the appearance ofpurine derivatives in the urine was unaffected (131, 130, 129, 147 (s.e.d. 12·6) g N per day, respectively). Thus although the animals responded to the undegradable rumen protein supplied by the soya-bean meal there was no significant response in live-weight gain with YC (1·28, 1·31, 1·42, 1·48 (s.e.d. 0·081) kg/day, respectively).

Keywords

bullsprotein supplementsrumen fermentationSaccharomyces cerevisiaeyeast culture
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 62 , Issue 1 , February 1996 , pp. 43 - 48
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, D. C., Galyean, M. L., Kiesling, H. E., Wallace, J. D. and Finker, M. D. 1981. Influence of viable yeast culture, sodium bicarbonate and monensin on liquid dilution rate, rumen fermentation and feedlot performance of growing lambs and digestibility in lambs. Journal of Animal Science 53: 780–789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1975. Official method* of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Carro, M. D., Lebzien, P. and Rohr, K. 1992. Effects of yeast culture on rumen fermentation, digestibility and duodenal flow in dairy cows fed a silage based diet. Livestock Production Science 32: 219–229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, X. B. 1989. Excretion of purine derivatives by sheep and cattle and its use for the estimation of absorbed microbial protein. Ph.D. thesis, University of Aberdeen.Google Scholar
Chen, X. B., Hovell, F. D. DeB., Ørskov, E. R. and Brown, D. S. 1990. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: effect of exogenous nucleic acid supply on purine derivative excretion by sheep. British journal of Nutrition 63: 131–142.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davidson, J., Mathieson, J. and Boyne, A. W. 1970. The use of automation in determining nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method, with final calculation by a computer. Analyst, London 96: 181–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, K. A. 1988. Mode of action of the yeast culture, Yea-Sacc, in the rumen: a natural fermentation modifier. In Biotechnology in the feed industry (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 119–125. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
Dawson, K. A. 1993. Current and future role of yeast culture in animal production: a review of research over the last six years. In Biotechnology in the feed industry (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 269–291. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
Dowman, L. M. G. and Collins, F. C. 1982. Neutral-detergent, cellulase/gammase digestibility. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 33: 689–696.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, I. E. 1991. Practical uses of yeast culture in beef production: insight into its mode of action. In Biotechnology in the feed industry, vol. VII (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 51–65. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
Erasmus, L. J., Botha, P. M. and Kistner, A. 1992. Effect of yeast culture supplement on production, rumen fermentation, and duodenal nitrogen flow in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 75: 3056–3065.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frumholtz, P. P., Newbold, C. J. and Wallace, R. J. 1989. Influence of Aspergittus oryzae fermentation extract on the fermentation of a basal ration in the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 113:169–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Genstat 5 Committee. 1987. Genstat 5 user's manual. Oxford University Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Harrison, G. A., Hemken, R. W., Dawson, K. A., Harmon, R. J. and Barker, K. B. 1988. Influence of addition of yeast culture supplement to diets of lactating cows on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations. Journal of Dairy Science 71: 2967–2975.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herbert, D., Phipps, P. J. and Strange, R. E. 1971. Chemical analysis of microbial cells. In Methods in microbiology (ed. Norris, J. R. and Ribbons, D. W.), pp. 209–344. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Hochella, N. J. and Weinhouse, S. 1965. Automated lactic acid determination in serum and tissue extracts. Analytical Biochemistry 10: 304–317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huhtanen, P. 1991. Effects of yeast culture supplement on digestion of nutrients and rumen fermentation in cattle fed on grass silage barley diet. Journal of Agricultural Science in Finland 63: 443–453.Google Scholar
Kumar, U., Sareen, V. K. and Singh, S. 1994. Effect of Saccharomyccs cerevisiae yeast culture supplement on ruminal metabolism in buffalo calves given a high concentrate diet. Animal Production 59: 209–215.Google Scholar
Lowman, B. G. and Lewis, M. 1991. The feeding and management of intensively reared bulls: conventional compared with organic. In Recent advances in animal nutrition 1991 (ed. Haresign, W. and Cole, D. J. A.), pp. 181–209. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackie, R. I. and Heath, S. 1979. Enumeration and isolation of lactate utilizing bacteria from the rumen of sheep. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 38: 416–421.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mann, S. O. 1968. An improved method for determining cellulolytic activity in anaerobic bacteria. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 31: 241–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meat and Livestock Commission. 1990. Beef year book. Meat and Livestock Commission, Milton Keynes.Google Scholar
Mutsvangwa, T., Edwards, I. E., Topps, J. H. and Paterson, G. F. M. 1992. The effect of dietary inclusion of yeast culture (Yea-Sacc) on patterns of rumen fermentation, food intake and growth of intensively fed bulls. Animal Production 55: 35–40.Google Scholar
Newbold, C. J. 1990. Probiotics as feed additives in ruminant diets. Proceedings of the fifty-first Minnesota nutrition conference (ed. Stern, M., Wagner, G., Rodgers, J. and Sellner, R.), pp. 102–119. University of Minnesota.Google Scholar
Newbold, C. J., Williams, P. E. V., McKain, N., Walker, A. and Wallace, R. J. 1990. The effects of yeast culture on yeast numbers and fermentation in the rumen of sheep. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 49: 47A (abstr.).Google Scholar
Offer, N. W. 1990. Maximising fiber digestion in the rumen: the role of yeast culture. In Biotechnology in the feed industry vol. VI (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 79–96. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
Owens, F. N. and Goetsch, A. L. 1986. Digesta passage and microbial protein synthesis. In Control of digestion and metabolism in ruminants (ed. Milligan, L. P., Grovum, W. L. and Dobson, A.), pp. 196–223. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.Google Scholar
Plata, F., Mendoza, G. D., Barcena-Gama, J. R. and Gonzalez, S. 1994. Effect of a yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on neutral detergent fiber digestion in steers fed oat straw based diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology 49: 203–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, C. S. and Duncan, S. H. 1985. The effect of avoparcin on cellulolytic bacteria of the ovine rumen. Journal of General Microbiology 131: 427–435.Google Scholar
Wallace, R. J. and Newbold, C. J. 1992. Probiotics for ruminants. In Probiotics: the scientific basis (ed. Fuller, R.), pp. 317–353. Chapman and Hall, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace, R. J. and Newbold, C. J. 1993. Rumen fermentation and its manipulation: the development of yeast cultures as feed additives. In Biotechnology in the feed industry (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 173–192. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
Whitehead, R., Cooke, G. H. and Chapman, B. T. 1967. Problems associated with the continuous monitoring of ammoniacal nitrogen in river water. Automatic Analytical Chemistry 2: 377–380.Google Scholar
Williams, P. E. V. and Newbold, C. J. 1990. Rumen probiosis: the effects of novel microorganisms on rumen fermentation and ruminant productivity. In Recent advances in animal nutrition 1990 (ed. Haresign, W. and Cole, D. J. A.), pp. 211–227. Butterworths, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, P. E. V., Walker, A. and MacRae, J.C. 1990. Rumen probiosis: the effects of addition of yeast culture (viable yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) plus growth medium) on duodenal protein flow in wether sheep. Proceeding of the Nutrition Society 49: 128A (abstr.).Google Scholar
Williams, P. E. V., Tait, C. A. G., Innes, G. M. and Newbold, C. J. 1991. Effects of the inclusion of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in the diet of dairy cows on milk yield and forage degradation and fermentation patterns in the rumen of sheep and steers. Journal of Animal Science 69: 3016–3025.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zelenak, I., Jalc, D., Kmet, V. and Siroka, P. 1994. Influence of diet and yeast supplement on in vitro ruminal characteristics. Animal Feed Science and Technology 49: 211–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar