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Effect of supplemental levels of chromium picolinate on the growth performance, serum traits, carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism of growing-finishing pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

T.-F. Lien ,
C.-P. Wu ,
B.-J. Wang ,
M.-S. Shiao ,
T.-Y. Shiao ,
B.-H. Lin ,
J.-J. Lu  and
C.-Y. Hu
T.-F. Lien
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan Republic of China
C.-P. Wu
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan Republic of China
B.-J. Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi , Taiwan, Republic of China
M.-S. Shiao
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Research, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
T.-Y. Shiao
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi , Taiwan, Republic of China
B.-H. Lin
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan Republic of China
J.-J. Lu
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan Republic of China
C.-Y. Hu
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Abstract

This study investigated the effect of chromium picolinate supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism of growing-finishing pigs. Sixty Landrace ✕ Yorkshire ✕ Duroc (LYD) pigs with a mean initial body weight of 46·65 (s.e. 6·72) kg were randomly allocated into three groups with two replicates. They were supplemented with 0 , 200, or 400 μg/kg (ppb) chromium in the organic form of chromium picolinate for 90 days. Supplementation with chromium picolinate in the pigs’ ration improved their growth performance, enhanced average daily gain (P < 0·05), and increased their food consumption, especially in the 200 ppb group ( P > 0·05). Chromium picolinate supplementation also improved carcass characteristics, as the average back fat thickness was reduced and the loin-eye area was enhanced ( P < 0·05). The serum chromium concentration in the chromium picolinate supplemented groups was approximately twice that of the controls ( P < 0·05). Supplementation with chromium also markedly reduced serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG) and urea concentrations in the pig serum ( P < 0·05). Serum insulin was significantly decreased in the 400 ppb group, while serum glucose was decreased in the 200 ppb group ( P < 0·05). Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was reduced and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was increased in the chromium supplementation group. Meanwhile, the high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol were markedly increased, while LDL-cholesterol was significantly diminished ( P < 0·05) in the 200 ppb group. The adipocyte diameter and volume in the chromium-supplemented groups tended to be larger than in the control ( P = 0·07). In vitro studies indicated that incorporation of [u, 14C]glucose into total lipids (P < 0·05) was increased by chromium supplementation. However, there were no lipolysis differences among the groups (P > 0·05). The carcasses of the pigs that received the chromium supplemented ration contained less oleic acid (C18 : 1) and total unsaturated fatty acids (P < 0·05). On the other hand, the total saturated fatty acid content was higher than that of the controls (P < 0·05). Results in this study demonstrate that chromium picolinate supplementation in pigs has several beneficial effects.

Keywords

carcass compositionchromium picolinatelipid metabolismpigs.
Type
Growth, development and meat science
Information
Animal Science , Volume 72 , Issue 2 , April 2001 , pp. 289 - 296
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2001

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