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SOCIAL NETWORKS AND NORTHERN IROQUOIAN CONFEDERACY DYNAMICS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 November 2017

Jennifer Birch  and
John P. Hart
Jennifer Birch*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, 250A Baldwin Hall, Jackson Street, Athens, GA 30602–1619, USA
John P. Hart
Affiliation:
Research and Collections Division, New York State Museum, 3140 Cultural Education Center, Albany, NY 12230, USA (jph_nysm@nysed.gov)
*
(jabirch@uga.edu, corresponding author)
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Abstract

The Wendat (Huron) and Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) confederacies of northeastern North America are often presented as functionally equivalent political formations despite their having distinct cultural traits and unique geopolitical and developmental histories. In this article we employ social network analysis of collar decoration on ceramic vessels both to examine organizational differences in the social network that composed each group and to evaluate women's participation in political activities as potters who produced and transmitted social and political signals. The concept of social capital and the dimensions along which it varies are employed to understand variability in network statistics and topologies. Our results indicate that the Wendat confederacy formed a “complete” network characterized by bonding ties of social capital, whereas the Haudenosaunee confederacy was a “coalitional” network characterized by bridging ties. The results suggest that women's signaling networks were integral to how each confederacy functioned and the norms of reciprocity, trust, and information-sharing that defined each political formation.

Les confédérations des Wendat des Haudenosaunee du nord-est de l'Amérique du Nord sont souvent présentées comme des formations politiques similaires malgré leurs différences culturelles, géopolitiques et selon l'historique de leur développement. Dans cet article, nous utilisons l'analyse de réseau social (SNA) à partir de décorations sur les rebords de poteries pour examiner les différences entre l'organisation sociale des deux groupes, et aussi pour évaluer la participation des femmes dans les activités politiques comme potières, lesquelles créent et transmettent des signaux sociaux et politiques. Le concept de capital social et les dimensions dans lequel il varie sont utilisés pour comprendre les variabilités statistiques et les topologies du réseau. Nos résultats indiquent que la confédération Wendat a formé un réseau « complet » caractérisé par des liens sociaux, tandis que la confédération Haudenosaunée était un réseau « de coalition », caractérisé pour relier les relations. Les résultats suggèrent que les réseaux de signalisation des femmes des confédérations étaient intégrés selon le fonctionnement de chacune des confédérations, en fonction de leurs propres normes de réciprocité, de confiance et de partage d'informations qui définissaient chaque formation politique.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 83 , Issue 1 , January 2018 , pp. 13 - 33
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 by the Society for American Archaeology 

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