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New World Disorder: Black Hawk Down and the Eclipse of U.S. Military Humanitarianism in Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 October 2013

Abstract:

This article argues that Ridley Scott's film Black Hawk Down (2001) may be seen with the benefit of historical hindsight as a portrait of the fear of imperial overreach and failure as written through the psyche of elite U.S. soldiers. In Black Hawk Down, Mogadishu and its denizens are made to stand in for the worst fears of the American military and the civilian policymaking establishment: the city, and, by extension, urban Africa, is represented as a feral zone in which the U.S. military's unmatched firepower and technology are overwhelmed in densely populated slums. The Mog, as the film's Special Forces troops call the city, is a ramshackle megacity whose residents are armed to the teeth with the military detritus of the Cold War. Mogadishu thus embodies the new Heart of Darkness, a stateless urban world of vicious Hobbesian war of all against all. This view of Africa as the vanguard of anarchy is shared by a significant segment of the elite in the global North, who see the criminalization of the state in Africa as a direct threat to U.S. interests. If, as these analysts hold, it is from such feral zones that future threats to American society are likely to originate, then potent new weapons systems must be developed to deal with this racialized new world disorder. This article unpacks the ahistorical character of such selfserving representations of urban Africa, underlining the extent to which policies pursued during the Cold War and neoliberal era by powers such as the U.S. have helped to create the conditions that Black Hawk Down represents in such spectacular excess.

Résumé:

Résumé:

Cet essai soutient que le film de Ridley Scott Black Hawk Down (2001) peut être considéré, grâce à un recul historique à propos, comme un portrait de la crainte de l'ambition et de la défaite impériale percue au travers de la psychologie de l'élite militaire américaine. Dans le film Black Hawk Down, Mogadishu et ses habitants sont destinés à incarner les pires craintes de l'armée américaine et de l'establishment politique civil. Par extension, l'Afrique urbaine est représentée comme une zone sauvage dans laquelle la puissance militaire et technologique a priori inégalée des américains est submergée dans les bidonvilles surpeuplés. Dans le film, la ville ou le “Mog” comme l'appellent les troupes des forces spéciales, est une méga cité délabrée dont les résidents sont armés jusqu'aux dents avec les détritus militaires de la Guerre Froide. Mogadishu incarne ainsi le nouveau “Coeur des Ténèbres,” un monde urbain apatride en guerre à la Thomas Hobbes, de “tons contre tous.” Cette perception de l'Afrique comme avant-garde anarchique est partagée par une partie importante de l'élite des pays du Nord, qui considèrent la criminalisation de l'état en Afrique comme une menace directe contre les intérêts américains. Si, comme l'indiquent ces analystes, les futures menaces contre la société américaine sont censées provenir de ces zones sauvages, alors de nouveaux systèmes d'armement doivent être conçus pour faire face au désordre racialisé de ce nouveau monde. Get essai dévoile le détail des aspects non historiques de ces représentations partiales de l'Afrique urbaine, soulignant de quelle manière les mesures prises pendant la Guerre Froide et la période néolibérale par une puissance telle que les Etats Unis ont participé à créer les conditions représentées avec un excés si spectaculaire dans le film Black Hawk Down.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 2011

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