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15 results in Anthropology

Sacrifice and Violence
  • Reflections from an Ethnography in Nepal
  • Marie Lecomte-Tilouine
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    August 2024
    Print publication:
    31 October 2024
  • Violence is at the heart of the sacrifice, despite its denial in the texts. For the participants and observers, it materialises in the exposure of everyone and everything to the 'fountains of blood'. The specificity of this public and holistic violence, orchestrated in Nepal by the highest dignitaries and aimed at the rejuvenation of the cosmic, political and social order, allows us to see sacrifice as the ultimate model of legitimate violence. At the same time, observation reveals its oxymoronic nature through the opposite effect its violence has on its participants. As such, sacrifice is not only the organiser of society, but also the revelator of its internal tensions and fault lines. The book explores the complex aspects of royal ceremonies, their contestation by different groups, and finally the contours of the new legitimacy that sacrifice found during the revolutionary period under its most extreme form of human sacrifice.

Speech and the City
  • Multilingualism, Decoloniality and the Civic University
  • Yaron Matras
  • Published online:
    23 May 2024
    Print publication:
    30 May 2024
  • The Brexit debate has been accompanied by a rise in hostile attitudes to multilingualism. However, cities can provide an important counter-weight to political polarisation by forging civic identities that embrace diversity. In this timely book, Yaron Matras describes the emergence of a city language narrative that embraces and celebrates multilingualism and helps forge a civic identity. He critiques linguaphobic discourses at a national level that regard multilingualism as deficient citizenship. Drawing on his research in Manchester, he examines the 'multilingual utopia', looking at multilingual spaces across sectors in the city that support access, heritage, skills and celebration. The book explores the tensions between decolonial approaches that inspire activism for social justice and equality, and the neoliberal enterprise that appropriates diversity for reputational and profitability purposes, prompting critical reflection on calls for civic university engagement. It is essential reading for anyone concerned about ways to protect cultural pluralism in our society.
LGBTQ+ and Feminist Digital Activism

LGBTQ+ and Feminist Digital Activism
  • A Linguistic Perspective
  • Angela Zottola
  • Published online:
    08 May 2024
    Print publication:
    06 June 2024
  • This Element focuses on the linguistic and discursive practices employed by digital citizens to promote their causes on social media, that is to engage in digital activism, drawing attention to the growing importance of this phenomenon in relation to gender identity and sexuality issues. I propose the label LGBTQ+ Digital Activism to join the already existing one Feminist Digital Activism and argue that, while these have been areas of interest from sociology and communication specialists, digital activism is still to be embraced as a field of research by applied linguists. I point out to a number of linguistic and discursive features that are popular among digital activists and support this through the analysis of the use of the hashtag #wontbeerased combining Social Media Critical Discourse Analysis and Corpus-Assisted Discourse Studies. I suggest that further research is needed to explore how language is used to propagate and popularize emancipatory discourses online.

Between Muslim Pīr and Hindu Saint
  • Laldas and the Devotional Culture in North India
  • Mukesh Kumar
  • Published online:
    30 April 2024
    Print publication:
    31 October 2024
  • This book focuses on the shared religious figure of Laldas/Khan, and uncovers fascinating historical and contemporary dimensions of Hindu-Muslim socio-cultural interactions around his shrines. It explores reformist and extremist politics that have influenced shared religious traditions, shedding light on the impact of the reformist ideologies of the Arya Samaj and Tablighi Jamaat on the followers of Laldas. It presents a compelling analysis of how some shared religious practices persist and adapt amidst the pressures of dominant reform movements. The inclusion of marginalised voices, particularly women, adds a poignant and powerful dimension to the narrative. Through its comprehensive and thought-provoking approach, the book provides valuable insights into the continuously evolving religious landscape of north Indian devotional Hinduism and popular Islam. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Legal Categorization of 'Transgender'

Legal Categorization of 'Transgender'
  • An Analysis of Statutory Interpretation of 'Sex', 'Man', and 'Woman' in Transgender Jurisprudence
  • Kimberly Tao
  • Published online:
    23 February 2024
    Print publication:
    21 March 2024
  • This Element analyzes the foundational frame of legal reasoning when courts interpret the 'plain language' and 'ordinary meaning' of terms such as 'sex', 'man' and 'woman'. There is a rich and complicated line of cases on how to define these terms and how to legally categorize transgender people. When dealing with different legal issues, judges need to give a clear 'yes' or 'no', determinate answer to a legal question. Marginal categorizations could be problematic even for experts. It analyses nine decisions that relate to transgender people's workplace protection under Title VII in United States and the right to marry in United Kingdom and Hong Kong. It brings in a historical discussion of the development of interpretative practices of law and legal categorization of transgender individuals across past decades, drawing on the intricate relationship between time and statutory interpretation.
Intercultural Communication and Identity

Intercultural Communication and Identity
  • Ron Darvin, Tongle Sun
  • Published online:
    17 January 2024
    Print publication:
    15 February 2024
  • This Element asserts how identity as a construct enables a critical awareness of how speakers position themselves and are positioned by others in intercultural encounters. It discusses how identity vis-à-vis culture has been theorized through social psychological, poststructuralist, and critical lenses, and how identity is discursively constructed and mediated. Rejecting essentialist notions of language and culture, this Element demonstrates how inscriptions of identity such as race, ethnicity, nationality, and class can be used to critically examine the dynamics of situated intercultural encounters and to understand how such interactions can index competing and colluding ideologies. By examining identity research from different parts of the world, it casts a light on how identities are performed in diverse intercultural contexts and discusses research methodologies that have been employed to examine identity in intercultural communication.
Food in Ancient China

Food in Ancient China
  • Yitzchak Jaffe
  • Published online:
    01 December 2023
    Print publication:
    21 December 2023
  • This Element provides an overview of food and foodways in Ancient China, from the earliest humans (~500k BP) up to its historical beginnings: the foundation of the Zhou dynasty (at the start of the 1st millennium BCE). While textual data provides insights on food and diet during China's historical periods, archaeological data is the main source for studying the deep past and reconstructing what people ate, how they ate and with whom they ate it. This Element introduces the plants and animals that formed the building blocks of ancient diets and cuisines, as well as how they created localized lifeways and unifying constructs across ancient China. Foodways, how food was grown, prepared and consumed, was central in the development of differing social, economic and political realities, as it shaped ritual and burial practices, differentiated ethnic groups, solidified community ties and deepened or assuaged social inequalities.

Narrative Research Now
  • Critical Perspectives on the Promise of Stories
  • Edited by Ashley Barnwell, Signe Ravn
  • Published by:
    Bristol University Press
    Published online:
    28 March 2024
    Print publication:
    01 December 2023
  • Supported by the editors' popular podcast 'Narrative Now', this interdisciplinary volume explores the capacities and limitations of narrative research. It maps out new directions for the field while honouring its legacy.
Queering Sexual Health Translation Pedagogy

Queering Sexual Health Translation Pedagogy
  • Piero Toto
  • Published online:
    30 November 2023
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024
  • Sexual health campaigns to tackle the rise in sexually transmitted infections in England are at the core of sexual health charities' and grassroots organizations' work. Some of them collaborated with the author's translation students to produce inclusive translations of their sexual health content (website and multimedia content). The role of translation and localization within multicultural contexts can be seen as 'social activism' promoting sexual health and community engagement, with a view to providing wider healthcare access and information using inclusive language. This Element presents students' approaches to sexual health translation, using language as a vessel for change and striking a balance between clients' expectations, translation industry best practices, and socio-educational needs. The data analysis of the students' experiences will make the case for wider embedding of queer pedagogy approaches into the translation curriculum.

Risk in the Roman World
  • Jerry Toner
  • Published online:
    16 November 2023
    Print publication:
    30 November 2023
  • Modern risk studies have viewed the inhabitants of the ancient world as being both dominated by fate and exposed to fewer risks, but this very readable and groundbreaking new book challenges these views. It shows that the Romans inhabited a world full of danger and also that they not only understood uncertainty but employed a variety of ways to help to affect future outcomes. The first section focuses on the range of cultural attitudes and traditional practices that served to help control risk, particularly among the non-elite population. The book also examines the increasingly sophisticated areas of expertise, such as the law, logistics and maritime loans, which served to limit uncertainty in a systematic manner. Religious expertise in the form of dream interpretation and oracles also developed new ways of dealing with the future and the implicit biases of these sources can reveal much about ancient attitudes to risk.

Caring for Cultural Heritage
  • An Integrated Approach to Legal and Ethical Initiatives in the United Kingdom
  • Charlotte Woodhead
  • Published online:
    09 November 2023
    Print publication:
    23 November 2023
  • This book explores how cultural heritage and its care are translated in UK law and non-law instruments. It analyses how communities of care look after cultural heritage because they care about it. These communities include the international and national community, national and local governments, courts, professional bodies, institutions such as museums as well as community groups. 'Care' refers to the varied ways in which communities engage with cultural heritage to maintain it, sustain relationships about it and with it, use it and provide access to it, with a view to passing it on to future generations. The book also assesses how far these nested practices of care assist communities of care in providing respectful, empathetic and dialogical care to navigate harm to cultural heritage. It will be of interest to scholars of cultural heritage studies across disciplines, including law, sociology and anthropology, as well as policymakers and practitioners in cultural heritage management.

The Trojan Horse and Other Stories
  • Ten Ancient Creatures That Make Us Human
  • Julia Kindt
  • Published online:
    09 November 2023
    Print publication:
    11 January 2024
  • What makes us human? What, if anything, sets us apart from all other creatures? Ever since Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, the answer to these questions has pointed to our own intrinsic animal nature. Yet the idea that, in one way or another, our humanity is entangled with the non-human has a much longer and more venerable history. In the West, it goes all the way back to classical antiquity. This grippingly written and provocative book boldly reveals how the ancient world mobilised concepts of 'the animal' and 'animality' to conceive of the human in a variety of illuminating ways. Through ten stories about marvelous mythical beings – from the Trojan Horse to the Cyclops, and from Androcles' lion to the Minotaur – Julia Kindt unlocks fresh ways of thinking about humanity that extend from antiquity to the present and that ultimately challenge our understanding of who we really are.
Short-Term Student Exchanges and Intercultural Learning

Short-Term Student Exchanges and Intercultural Learning
  • Gareth Humphreys
  • Published online:
    07 November 2023
    Print publication:
    07 December 2023
  • Short-term student exchanges can offer valuable opportunities for intercultural learning and to engage in intercultural communication using English (the language focus in this Element). However, research and educational practices often assume that the most effective intercultural learning occurs through interactions with local individuals in 'target' culture learning and adherence to standard English language norms. These assumptions overlook important learning opportunities from interactions in culturally and linguistically diverse settings as features of many international exchange experiences. This Element proposes a perspective in student exchange research and practice that reflects this diversity and encompasses the intercultural learning model of intercultural awareness, intercultural citizenship education, and Global Englishes.

Masquerades in African Society

Mobility Economies in Europe's Borderlands
  • Migrants' Journeys through Libya and the Mediterranean
  • Marthe Achtnich
  • Published online:
    12 October 2023
    Print publication:
    26 October 2023
  • The arrival of unauthorised migrants at the shores of southern Europe has been sensationalized into a migration 'crisis' in recent years. Yet, these depictions fail to grasp migrants' experiences and fall short of addressing a more complex phenomenon. In this original ethnography, Marthe Achtnich examines migrants' journeys and economic practices underpinning mobility to recast how we think of migration. Bringing the perspectives and voices of migrants to the fore, she traces sub-Saharan migrants' journeys along one of the world's most dangerous migration routes: through the Sahara Desert, Libya, and then by boat to Malta in Europe. Examining what she calls 'mobility economies', Achtnich demonstrates how these migrant journeys become sources of profit for various actors. By focusing on migrants' long and difficult journeys, the book prompts a necessary rethinking of mobile life, economic practices under contemporary capitalism, and the complex relationship between the two.