In this chapter, we present the concept of stochastic caching in large wireless networks with randomly distributed nodes. Specifically, we consider a random network where user devices can directly communicate and exchange information through device-to-device (D2D) communication. The distribution of D2D-enabled devices follows a Poisson point process (PPP), and each user stores proactively the popular files based on some probabilistic caching policy. The optimal caching probabilities depend on the specific objective functions to be optimized. We investigate three different caching schemes – namely maximizing the cache-hit probability, maximizing the density of successfully served requests by local caches, and minimizing the delay to receive the requested content. By comparing the performance achieved with these schemes, we show that the success probability of physical layer (PHY) transmission plays a critical role in the throughput and delay performance of large wireless networks with stochastic caching methods.