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3 - Spectroscopic imaging of schizophrenia

from Section I - Schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2011

By
Jay W. Pettegrew ,
Richard J. McClure  and
Kanagasabai Panchalingam
Edited by
Martha E. Shenton  and
Bruce I. Turetsky
Jay W. Pettegrew
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Richard J. McClure
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Kanagasabai Panchalingam
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Martha E. Shenton
Affiliation:
VA Boston Healthcare System and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
Bruce I. Turetsky
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania
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Summary

With all technological advances there is the initial infatuation followed by more thoughtful reassessment. In vivo, non-invasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has progressed along this trajectory over the past 20–30 years. While much of the initial excitement revolved around technological advances, case reports, and small clinical studies, now is a good time to engage in a thoughtful reassessment of the potential new insights and pitfalls provided by this technology. This review will attempt this assessment in the context of MRS findings in schizophrenia research.

The first part of the review will address fundamental technological considerations followed by a discussion of what molecular and metabolic information can be obtained from 31P and 1H MRS. This will be followed by a selective review of the literature to date on 31P and 1H MRS studies in schizophrenia.

High field methodological issues

The development of in-vivo MR spectrometers with higher magnetic fields potentially increases sensitivity; however, methodological issues limit the anticipated improvement in both sensitivity (signal to noise ratio) and spectral resolution (Fleysher et al., 2009). These methodological issues are discussed below.

Signal–noise ratio (SNR) following a 90 degree pulse along the rotating frame y-axis

The SNR improves with higher magnetic field (B 0). Under ideal conditions, one can calculate the theoretical SNR.

Keywords

1H MRS31PATPschizophreniaphosphomonoesterphosphodiesterN-acetyl aspartateNMR
Type
Chapter
Information
Understanding Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Insights from Neuroimaging
 , pp. 48 - 77
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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  • Spectroscopic imaging of schizophrenia
    • By Jay W. Pettegrew, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Richard J. McClure, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Kanagasabai Panchalingam, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • Edited by Martha E. Shenton, Bruce I. Turetsky, University of Pennsylvania
  • Book: Understanding Neuropsychiatric Disorders
  • Online publication: 10 January 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511782091.004
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  • Spectroscopic imaging of schizophrenia
    • By Jay W. Pettegrew, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Richard J. McClure, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Kanagasabai Panchalingam, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • Edited by Martha E. Shenton, Bruce I. Turetsky, University of Pennsylvania
  • Book: Understanding Neuropsychiatric Disorders
  • Online publication: 10 January 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511782091.004
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Spectroscopic imaging of schizophrenia
    • By Jay W. Pettegrew, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Richard J. McClure, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Kanagasabai Panchalingam, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • Edited by Martha E. Shenton, Bruce I. Turetsky, University of Pennsylvania
  • Book: Understanding Neuropsychiatric Disorders
  • Online publication: 10 January 2011
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511782091.004
Available formats
×