Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Global Perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

doi:10.1017/9781107445130

Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Global Perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic, under-detected and under-treated psychiatric consequence of trauma that is often linked to new-onset medical and psychological conditions, impaired quality of life and long-term disability across the globe. This book is the first systematic analysis of the rates, risk factors, consequences and global burden of trauma and PTSD across a variety of wealthy and underdeveloped settings. An analysis of a global survey conducted by the World Health Organization and featuring findings from over 70,000 participants around the world, this text demonstrates a unique perspective on the prevalence of exposure to trauma and PTSD and the impact it has on population health. The findings inside this text underscore the urgent need for policymakers and healthcare providers to prioritize interventions aimed at reducing the burden of trauma, PTSD and its consequences.

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Contents

Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp i-ii
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Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder - Title page
pp iii-iii
Global Perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
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Copyright page
pp iv-iv
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Contents
pp v-vi
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Contributors
pp vii-x
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Foreword
pp xi-xiv
- By Matthew J. Friedman
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Acknowledgments
pp xv-xvi
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Section 1 - Introduction
pp 1-42
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Chapter 1 - The Global Epidemiology of Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 1-12
- By Evelyn J. Bromet, Elie G. Karam, Karestan C. Koenen, Dan J. Stein
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Chapter 2 - Methods of the World Mental Health Surveys
pp 13-42
- By Ronald C. Kessler, Steven G. Heeringa, Beth-Ellen Pennell, Alan M. Zaslavsky
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Section 2 - Epidemiology of Trauma Exposure
pp 43-94
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Chapter 3 - Cross-National Prevalence, Distributions, and Clusters of Trauma Exposure
pp 43-71
- By Corina Benjet, Jean-Pierre Lépine, Marina Piazza, Victoria Shahly, Arieh Shalev, Dan J. Stein
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4 - Childhood Adversities and Preexisting Psychopathology as Predictors of Trauma
pp 72-94
- By Victoria Shahly, Corina Benjet, Graça Cardoso, Louisa Degenhardt, Elie G. Karam
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Section 3 - Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 95-152
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Chapter 5 - Population Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 95-109
- By Karestan C. Koenen, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Evelyn J. Bromet, Elie G. Karam, Dan J. Stein
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Chapter 6 - The Associations of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder with Secondary Mental and Physical Health Disorders
pp 110-127
- By Ronald C. Kessler, Peter de Jonge, Yueqin Huang, John J. McGrath, Elie G. Karam, Kate Scott
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Chapter 7 - Functional Impairments Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 128-136
- By Ronald C. Kessler, Somnath Chatterji, Yanling He, Daphna Levinson, Elie G. Karam, Jordi Alonso
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Chapter 8 - Patterns of Treatment and Barriers to Care in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 137-152
- By Graham Thornicroft, Sara Evans-Lacko, Karestan C. Koenen, Viviane Kovess-Masféty, David R. Williams, Ronald C. Kessler
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Section 4 - Factors Influencing the Onset and Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 153-252
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Chapter 9 - The Effects of Trauma Type, Timing, Accumulation, and Sequencing
pp 153-162
- By Howard Liu, Laura Helena Andrade, Josep Maria Haro, Dan J. Stein, Ronald C. Kessler
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Chapter 10 - The Effects of Childhood Adversities
pp 163-172
- By Katie A. McLaughlin, Oye Gureje, Norito Kawakami, Karestan C. Koenen, Ronald C. Kessler
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Chapter 11 - The Effects of Prior Psychopathology
pp 173-180
- By Ronald C. Kessler, Evelyn J. Bromet, Beth-Ellen Pennell, Elie G. Karam
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Chapter 12 - Sexual Assault among Women
pp 181-193
- By Kate Scott, Evelyn J. Bromet, Ronny Bruffaerts, Karestan C. Koenen, Yolanda Torres, Ronald C. Kessler
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Chapter 13 - Motor Vehicle Collisions
pp 194-209
- By Dan J. Stein, Hristo Hinkov, Maria Elena Medina-Mora, Ronald C. Kessler
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Chapter 14 - The Unexpected Death of a Loved One
pp 210-225
- By Lukoye Atwoli, Dan J. Stein, Margreet ten Have, Ronald C. Kessler
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Chapter 15 - Natural and Human-Made Disasters
pp 226-239
- By Evelyn J. Bromet, Silvia Florescu, Giovanni de Girolamo, Fernando Navarro-Mateu, Elie G. Karam
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Chapter 16 - Patterns and Predictors of the Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 240-252
- By Anthony J. Rosellini, John Fayyad, Karestan C. Koenen, Ronald C. Kessler
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Section 5 - Dissecting the Clinical Picture
pp 253-308
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Chapter 17 - DSM-5 and ICD-11 Definitions of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Investigating “Narrow” and “Broad” Approaches
pp 253-262
- By Dan J. Stein, Matthew J. Friedman, Katie A. McLaughlin, Kate M. Scott, Ronald C. Kessler
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Chapter 18 - The Role of Criterion A2 in the DSM-IV Diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 263-272
- By Elie G. Karam, Evelyn J. Bromet, Ayelet Meron Ruscio, Dan. J. Stein, Ronald C. Kessler
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Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Global Perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

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Contents

Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp i-ii

Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder - Title page
pp iii-iii

Copyright page
pp iv-iv

Contents
pp v-vi

Contributors
pp vii-x

Foreword
pp xi-xiv

Acknowledgments
pp xv-xvi

Section 1 - Introduction
pp 1-42

Chapter 1 - The Global Epidemiology of Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 1-12

Chapter 2 - Methods of the World Mental Health Surveys
pp 13-42

Section 2 - Epidemiology of Trauma Exposure
pp 43-94

Chapter 3 - Cross-National Prevalence, Distributions, and Clusters of Trauma Exposure
pp 43-71

4 - Childhood Adversities and Preexisting Psychopathology as Predictors of Trauma
pp 72-94

Section 3 - Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 95-152

Chapter 5 - Population Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 95-109

Chapter 6 - The Associations of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder with Secondary Mental and Physical Health Disorders
pp 110-127

Chapter 7 - Functional Impairments Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 128-136

Chapter 8 - Patterns of Treatment and Barriers to Care in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 137-152

Section 4 - Factors Influencing the Onset and Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 153-252

Chapter 9 - The Effects of Trauma Type, Timing, Accumulation, and Sequencing
pp 153-162

Chapter 10 - The Effects of Childhood Adversities
pp 163-172

Chapter 11 - The Effects of Prior Psychopathology
pp 173-180

Chapter 12 - Sexual Assault among Women
pp 181-193

Chapter 13 - Motor Vehicle Collisions
pp 194-209

Chapter 14 - The Unexpected Death of a Loved One
pp 210-225

Chapter 15 - Natural and Human-Made Disasters
pp 226-239

Chapter 16 - Patterns and Predictors of the Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 240-252

Section 5 - Dissecting the Clinical Picture
pp 253-308

Chapter 17 - DSM-5 and ICD-11 Definitions of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Investigating “Narrow” and “Broad” Approaches
pp 253-262

Chapter 18 - The Role of Criterion A2 in the DSM-IV Diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
pp 263-272

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Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Global Perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

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