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Chapter 7 - Luteal Support

from Section 2 - Assisted Reproductive Procedures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2021

By
Eliezer Girsh  and
Raoul Orvieto
Edited by
Eliezer Girsh
Eliezer Girsh
Affiliation:
Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon
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Summary

The corpus luteum (CL) is a transitory endocrine gland that develops from the postovulatory ruptured follicle during the luteal phase. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), produced by the embryo, maintains the secretory activity of the CL due to its structural similarity to luteinizing hormone (LH) and subsequent activation of the same receptor. It maintains and stimulates the CL to produce estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). Luteal P4 is involved in the transition of the endometrium from a proliferative to a secretory type, with increasing decidualization – an essential facilitator of implantation [1] – and relaxation of the uterine muscle. Preparation of the endometrium lining the uterus for implantation of the embryo begins toward the end of a proliferative phase and extends throughout the luteal phase. This is important for the implantation process and maintenance of pregnancy until the placenta takes over steroid hormone production at approximately 7 weeks.

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Chapter
Information
A Textbook of Clinical Embryology , pp. 85 - 88
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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