Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 19
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
November 2009
Print publication year:
2006
Online ISBN:
9780511535802

Book description

This book was born as an international tribute to Fiorenzo C. Ugolini, an outstanding soil scientist, now retired from university teaching and research. It is a synthesis of the knowledge of soils, their genesis, functions and management, and includes contributions from leading soil scientists. It provides the basic concepts as well as data and practical examples from across the discipline. The book also discusses the increasingly important role of soils in enabling the preservation of life and contains a rare attempt to cross-harmonize the Soil Groups of the World Reference Base of Soil Resources with the Orders of the Soil Taxonomy. It also considers the possible existence of extraterrestrial soils based on the findings from the last space missions. This volume will be a valuable resource for researchers and students of soil science, soil conservation, geography and landscape ecology.

Reviews

Review of the hardback:'… this book covers a wide range of topics, contains useful and contemporary information for students and educators as well as for soil scientists.'

Source: Il Suolo

Review of the hardback:'This book is written with the upper level undergraduate students, graduate students, and the teaching staff in mind and should be of value to those working in the areas of soil and water conservation, pedology, geology, geography, geomorphology and landscape ecology.'

Source: Soil Science Society of America Journal

Review of the hardback:'As a student text, this book will be most useful for those final year undergraduate students who have had at least an introduction to the subject … Novices are likely to find the concise summary of each field most helpful in itself and a gateway into the literature. The chapters are well-referenced and up to date.'

Source: European Journal of Soil Science

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

References
Agnelli, A., Ugolini, F. C., Corti, G. and Pietramellara, G. (2001). Microbial biomass C and basal respiration of fine earth and highly altered rock fragments of two forest soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33:613–20.
Alakukku, L., Weisskopf, P., Chamen, W. C. T. et al. (2003). Prevention strategies for field traffic-induced subsoil compaction: a review. Part 1. Machine/soil interactions. Soil and Tillage Research, 73:145–60.
Amali, S., Rolston, D. E. and Yamaguchi, T. (1996). Transient multicomponent gas-phase transport of volatile organic chemicals in porous media. Journal of Environmental Quality, 158:106–14.
Amundson, R. (2005a). Eugene Woldemar Hilgard. In Hillel, D. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment, pp. 182–7. Oxford: Elsevier.
Amundson, R. (2005b). Hans Jenny. In Hillel, D. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment, pp. 293–300. Oxford: Elsevier.
Amundson, R. and Jenny, H. (1991). The place of humans in the state factor theory of ecosystems and their soils. Soil Science, 151:99–109.
Amundson, R. and Jenny, H. (1997). On a state factor model of ecosystems. Bioscience, 47:536–43.
Amundson, R. and Yaalon, D. H. (1995). Eugene Woldemar Hilgard and John Wesley Powell: efforts for a joint agricultural and geological survey. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 59:4–13.
Amundson, R., Wang, Y., Chadwick, O.et al. (1994). Factors and processes governing the 14C content of carbonate in desert soils. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 125:385–405.
Amundson, R., Guo, Y., and Gong, P. (2003). Soil diversity and land use in the United States. Ecosystems, 6:470–82.
Anderson, J. M. (1975). Succession, diversity and trophic relationships of some soil animals in decomposing leaf litter. Journal of Animal Ecology, 44:475–95.
Anderson, T. -H. (2003). Microbial eco-physiological indicators to assess soil quality. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 98:285–93.
André, H. -M., Noti, M. I. and Lebrun, P. (1994). The soil fauna: the other last biotic frontier. Biodiversity and Conservation, 3:45–56.
Angers, D. A., Recous, S. and Aita, C. (1997). Fate of carbon and nitrogen in water-stable aggregates during decomposition of (CN)-C-13-N-15-labelled wheat straw in situ. European Journal of Soil Science, 48:295–300.
Arnold, R. W. (1983). Concepts of soils and pedology. In Wilding, L. P., Smeck, N. E. and Hall, G. F. (eds.) Pedogenesis and Soil Taxonomy. I: Concepts and Interactions, pp. 1–21. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Arnold, R. W. and Eswaran, H. (2003). Conceptual basis for soil classification: lessons from the past. In Eswaran, H., Ahrens, R. J., Rice, T. J. and Stewart, B. A. (eds.) Soil Classification: A Global Desk Reference, pp. 27–41. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Arnold, R. W., Szabolcs, I. and Targulian, V. O. (eds.) (1990). Global Soil Change. Report of an IIASA-UNEP task force on the role of soils in global change, CP-90–2. Laxenburg, Austria: IIASA.
Austin, M. P., Cunningham, R. B., and Fleming, P. M. (1984). New approaches to direct gradient analysis using environmental scalars and statistical curve-fitting procedures. Vegetatio, 55:11–27.
Bailey, S. W. (1980). Structures of layer silicates. In Brindley, G. W. and Brown, G. (eds.) Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification, pp. 1–124. London: Mineralogical Society.
Baldock, J. A. (2001). Interactions of organic materials and microorganisms with minerals in the stabilization of soil structure. In Huang, P. M., Bollag, J. M. and Senesi, N. (eds.), Interactions between Soil Particles and Microorganisms: Impact on the Terrestrial Ecosystem, pp. 85–131. New York: John Wiley.
Baldock, J. A. and Skjemstad, J. O. (2000). Role of the soil matrix and minerals in protecting natural organic materials against biological attack. Organic Geochemistry, 31:697–710.
Balesdent, J. (1996). The significance of organic separates to carbon dynamics and its modelling in some cultivated soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 47:485–94.
Bandibas, J., Vermoesen, A., Croot, C. J. and Cleemput, O. (1994). The effect of different moisture regimes and soil characteristics on nitrous oxide emission and consumption by different soils. Soil Science, 158:106–14.
Belnap, J. (2003). Biological soil crusts in deserts: a short review of their role in soil fertility, stabilization, and water relation. Algological Studies, 148:113–26.
Benoit, P., Barriuso, E., Bergheaud, V. and Etiévant, V. (2000). Binding capacities of different soil size fractions in the formation of herbicide-bound residues. Agronomie, 20:505–12.
Besnard, E., Chenu, C. and Robert, M. (2001). Influence of organic amendments on copper distribution among particle size and density fractions in Champagne vineyard soils. Environmental Pollution, 112:329–37.
Birkeland, P. W. (1984). Soils and Geomorphology, 2nd edition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Birkeland, P. W. (1999). Soils and Geomorphology. 3rd edition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Blackwood, C. B., Marsh, T., Kim, S. H. and Paul, E. A. (2003). Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism data analysis for quantitative comparison of microbial communities. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 69:926–32.
Blaser, P., Zysset, M., Zimmermann, S. and Luster, J. (1999). Soil acidification in southern Switzerland between 1987 and 1997: a case study based on the critical load concept. Environmental Science and Technology, 33:2383–9.
Blaser, P., Zimmermann, S., Luster, J. and Shotyk, W. (2000). Critical examination of trace element enrichments and depletions in soils: As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in Swiss forest soils. The Science of the Total Environment, 249:257–80.
Bloem, J., Hopkins, D. W. and Benedetti, A. (eds.) (2005). Microbiological Methods for Assessing Soil Quality. Wallingford: CABI Publishing.
Blum, W. E. H. (1988). Problems of Soil Conservation. Nature and Environment, 40. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
Blum, W. E. H. (1997). Soil as an open, complex system of biotic and abiotic interactions – energy concept. Extended abstracts of the international symposium on soil system behaviour in time and space. Communications of the Austrian Soil Science Society, 55:13–15.
Bockheim, J. G. and Gennadiyev, A. N. (2000). The role of soil-forming processes in the definition of taxa in Soil Taxonomy and the World Soil Reference Base. Geoderma, 95:53–72.
Bockheim, J. G., Tarnocai, C., Kimble, J. M. and Smith, C. A. S. (1997). The concept of gelic materials in the new Gelisol order for permafrost-affected soils. Soil Science, 162:927–39.
Bockheim, J. G., Gennadiyev, A. N., Hammer, R. D. and Tandarich, J. P. (2005). Historical development of key concepts in pedology. Geoderma, 124:23–36.
Boesten, J. J. T. I. and Linden, A. M. A. (1991). Modeling the influence of sorption and transformation on pesticide leaching and persistence. Journal of Environmental Quality, 20:425–35.
Boettinger, J. L. and Richardson, J. L. (2001). Saline and wet soils of wetlands in dry climates. In Richardson, J. L. and Vepraskas, M. J. (eds.) Wetland Soils: Genesis, Hydrology, Landscapes, and Classification, pp. 383–90. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
Bond-Lamberty, B., Wang, C. and Gower, S. T. (2004). A global relationship between the heterotrophic and autotrophic components of soil respiration?Global Change Biology, 10:1756–66.
Booltink, H. W. G. and Bouma, J. (2002). Suction crust infiltrometer and bypass flow. In Dane, J. H. and Topp, G. C. (eds.) Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4: Physical Methods, Book Series 5, pp. 926–37. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.
Boulaine, J. (1989). Historie des Pedologues et de la Science des Sols. Paris: Institut Internationale de la Recherche Agronomique.
Bouma, J. (1979). Subsurface applications of sewage effluent. In Beatty, M. T., Petersen, G. W. and Swindale, L. D. (eds.) Planning the Uses and Management of Land, Agronomy 21, pp. 665–703. Madison, WI: ASA-CSSA-SSSA.
Bouma, J. (1989). Using soil survey data for quantitative land evaluation. In Stewart, B. A. (ed.) Advances in Soil Science, 9:177–211. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
Bouma, J. (1991). Influence of soil macroporosity on environmental quality. Advances in Agronomy, 46:1–37.
Bouma, J. (2000). Land evaluation for landscape units. In Summer, M. E. (ed.) Handbook of Soil Science, pp. E393–E412. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Bouma, J. (2001a). The role of soil science in the land negotiation process. Soil Use and Management, 17:1–6.
Bouma, J. (2001b). The new role of soil science in a network society. Soil Science, 166:874–9.
Bouma, J. and Droogers, P. (1999). Comparing different methods for estimating the soil moisture supply capacity of a soil series subjected to different types of management. Geoderma, 92:185–97.
Bouma, J. and Jones, J. W. (2001). An international collaborative network for agricultural systems applications (ICASA). Agricultural Systems, 70:355–68.
Bouma, J., Stoorvogel, J., Alphen, B. J. and Booltink, H. W. G. (1999). Pedology, precision agriculture and the changing paradigms of agricultural research. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 63:343–8.
Bouma, J., Alphen, B. J. and Stoorvogel, J. J. (2002). Fine tuning water quality regulations in agriculture to soil differences. Environmental Science and Policy, 5:113–20.
Bowden, W. A. (1986). Gaseous nitrogen emissions from undisturbed terrestial ecosystems. Biogeochemistry, 12:249–79.
Brady, N. C. and Weil, R. R. (eds.) (1996). The Nature and properties of Soils. 11th edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Breeuwsma, A., Wosten, J. H. M., Vleeshouwer, J. J., Vanslobbe, A. M. and Bouma, J. (1986). Derivation of land qualities to assess environmental problems from soil surveys. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 50:186–90.
Breland, T. A. and Hansen, S. (1996). Nitrogen mineralization and microbial biomass as affected by soil compaction. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 28:655–63.
Bridges, E. M. and Batjes, N. H. (1996). Soil gaseous emissions and global climate change. Geography, 81:155–69.
Brimhall, G. H., Chadwick, O. A., Lewis, C. J.et al. (1991). Deformational mass transport and invasive processes in soil evolution. Science, 255:695–702.
Brinkman, R. (1970). Ferrolysis, a hydromorphic soil forming process. Geoderma, 3:199–206.
Bryant, R. B. and Macedo, J. (1990). Differential chemoreductive dissolution of iron oxides in a Brazilian Oxisol. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 54:819–21.
Bundt, M., Albrecht, A., Froidevaux, P., Blaser, P. and Flühler, H. (2000). Impact of preferential flow on radionuclide distribution in soil. Environmental Science and Technology, 34:3895–9.
Bundt, M., Krauss, M., Blaser, P. and Wilcke, W. (2001). Forest fertilization with wood ash: effect on the distribution and storage of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Journal of Environmental Quality, 30:1296–304.
Buol, S. W. and Eswaran, H. (2000). Oxisols. Advances in Agronomy, 68:151–95.
Buol, S. W., Hole, F. D., McCracken, R. J. and Southard, R. J. (1997). Soil Genesis and Classification. 4th edition. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
Buol, S. W., Southard, R. J., Graham, R. C. and McDaniel, P. A. (2003). Soil Genesis and Classification. 5th edition. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press, Blackwell Publishing.
Burdon, J. (2001). Are the traditional concepts on the structures of humic substances realistic?Soil Science, 166:752–69.
Burt, R., Wilson, M. A., Kanyanda, C. W., Spurway, J. K. R. and Metzler, J. D. (2001). Properties and effects of management on selected granitic soils in Zimbabwe. Geoderma, 101:119–41.
Butler, B. E. (1959). Periodic Phenomena in Landscape as a Basis for Soil Studies. Australia Soil Publications No. 14. Victoria, Australia: CSIRO Publishing.
Byzov, B. A., Chernjakovskaya, G. M., Zenova, G. M. and Dobrovolskaya, T. G. (1996). Bacterial communities associated with soil diplopods. Pedobiologia, 40:67–79.
Campbell, G. S. (1985). Soil Physics with BASIC. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Canny, M. J. (1981). A universe comes into being when a space is severed: some properties of boundaries in open systems. Proceedings of Ecological Society of Australia, 11:1–11.
Carballas, M., Carballas, T. and Jacquin, F. (1979). Biodegradation and humification of organic matter in humiferous Atlantic soils. Anales de Edafología y Agrobiología, 38:1699–717.
Carballas, M., Cabaneiro, A., Guitian Ribeira, F., and Carballas, T. (1980). Organo-metallic complexes in Atlantic humiferous soils. Anales de Edafología y Agrobiología, 39:1033–43.
Certini, G. (2005). Effects of fire on properties of forest soils. A review. Oecologia, 143:1–10.
Certini, G., Ugolini, F. C., Corti, G. and Agnelli, F. (1998). Early stages of podzolization under Corsican pine (Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio). Geoderma, 83:103–25.
Certini, G., Corti, G., Agnelli, A. and Sanesi, G. (2003). Carbon dioxide efflux and concentrations in two soils under temperate forests. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 37:39–46.
Chadwick, O. A., Derry, L. A., Vitousek, P. M., Heubert, B. J. and Hedin, L. O. (1999). Changing sources of nutrients during four million years of ecosystem development. Nature, 397:491–7.
Chadwick, O. A., and Graham, R. C. (2000). Pedogenic processes. In Sumner, M. E. (ed.) Handbook of Soil Science, pp. E41–E75. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Chamran, F., Gessler, P. E. and Chadwick, O. A. (2002). Spatially explicit treatment of soil-water dynamics along a semiarid catena. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66:1571–83.
Chenu, C. (1995). Extracellular polysaccharides: an interface between microorganisms and soil constituents. In Huang, P. M., Berthelin, J., Bollag, J. M., McGill, W. B. and Page, A. L. (eds.), Environmental Impact of Soil Component Interactions. I: Natural and Anthropogenic Organics, pp. 217–33. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis.
Chenu, C. and Guérif, J. (1991). Mechanical strength of clay minerals as influenced by an adsorbed polysaccharide. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 55:1076–80.
Chenu, C., Bissonnais, Y. and Arrouays, D. (2000). Organic matter influence on clay wettability and soil aggregate stability. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64:1479–86.
Chesapeake Bay Program (2002). Chesapeake Bay. Annapolis, MD. www.chesapeakebay.net. [verified on 15 May, 2005].
Chesworth, W. (1973). The parent rock effect in the genesis of soil. Geoderma, 10:215–25.
Cho, C. M., Burton, D. L. and Chang, C. (1997). Denitrification and fluxes of nitrogenous gases from soil under steady oxygen distribution. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 77:261–9.
Christensen, B. T. (1996). Carbon in primary and secondary organomineral complexes. Advances in Soil Science, 27:97–165.
Churchman, G. J. (2000). The alteration and formation of soil minerals by weathering. In Sumner, M. E. (ed.) Handbook of Soil Science, pp. F3–F76. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Churchman, G. J., and Burke, C. M. (1991). Properties of subsoils in relation to various measures of surface area and water content. Journal of Soil Science, 42:463–78.
Churchman, G. J. and Tate, K. R. (1986). Aggregation of clays in six New Zealand soil types as measured by disaggregation procedures. Geoderma, 37:207–20.
Churchman, G. J., Skjemstad, J. O. and Oades, J. M. (1993). Influence of clay minerals and organic matter on effect of sodicity on soils. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 31:779–800.
Churchman, G. J., Slade, P. G., Self, P. G. and Janik, L. J. (1994). Nature of interstratified kaolin-smectites in some Australian soils. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 32:805–22.
CIA (2006). The World Factbook 2005. Pittsburgh, PA: Central Intelligence Agency. www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html [verified on 20 March 2006].
CIESIN (Center for International Earth Science Information Network)/IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute)/World Bank/CIAT (Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical) (2004). Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project (GRUMP). Palisades, NY: CIESIN, Columbia University. http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/gpw [verified on 20 March 2006].
Ciolkosz, E. J., Cronce, R. C., Cunningham, R. L. and Petersen, G. W. (1985). Characteristics, genesis, and classification of Pennsylvania minesoils. Soil Science, 139:232–8.
CMS (1984). Report of the Clay Minerals Society Nomenclature Committee for 1982 and 1983. Clays and Clay Minerals, 32:239–40.
Coleman, D. and Fry, B. (eds.) (1991). Carbon Isotope Techniques. Isotopic Techniques in Plant, Soil, and Aquatic Biology Series, Vol. 1. New York: Academic Press.
Courchesne, F., Séguin, V. and Dufresne, A. (2000). Solid-phase fractionation of metals in the rhizosphere of forest soils. In Gobran, G. R., Wenzel, W. W. and Lombi, E. (eds.) Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere, pp. 189–206. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Courchesne, F., Kruyts, N. and Legrand, P. (2006). Labile zinc and copper ion activity in the rhizosphere of forest soils. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 25, 635–42.
Crescimanno, G. and Santis, A. (2004). Bypass flow, salinization and sodication in a cracking clay soil. Geoderma, 121:307–21.
Cronan, C. and Grigal, D. F. (1995). Use of calcium/aluminum ratios as indicators of stress in forest ecosystems. Journal of Environmental Quality, 24:209–26.
Crutzen, P. J. (2002). Geology of mankind: the Anthropocene. Nature, 415:23.
Curry, J. P. (2004). Factors affecting the abundance of earthworms in soils. In Edwards, C. A. (ed.) Earthworm Ecology, 2nd Edition, pp. 91–113. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Dahlgren, R. A. (1993). Comparison of soil solution extraction procedures: effect on solute chemistry. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 24:1783–94.
Dahlgren, R. A. (1994). Soil acidification and nitrogen saturation from weathering of ammonium-bearing rock. Nature, 368:838–41.
Dahlgren, R. A. and Marrett, D. J. (1991). Organic carbon sorption in arctic and sub-alpine Spodosol B horizons. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 55:1382–90.
Dahlgren, R. A. and Ugolini, F. C. (1989a). Aluminum fractionation of soil solutions from unperturbed and tephra-treated Spodosols, Cascade Range, Washington, USA. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 53:559–66.
Dahlgren, R. A. and Ugolini, F. C. (1989b). Effects of tephra addition on soil processes in Spodosols in the Cascade Range, Washington, U.S.A. Geoderma, 45:331–55.
Dahlgren, R. A. and Ugolini, F. C. (1991). Distribution and characterization of short-range-order minerals in Spodosols from the Washington Cascades. Geoderma, 48:391–413.
Dahlgren, R. A., Dragoo, J. P. and Ugolini, F. C. (1997a). Weathering of Mt. St. Helens tephra under a cryic-udic climatic regime. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61:1519–25.
Dahlgren, R. A., Percival, H. J. and Parfitt, R. L. (1997b). Carbon dioxide degassing effects on soil solutions collected by centrifugation. Soil Science, 162:648–55.
Dahlgren, R. A., Singer, M. J. and Huang, X. (1997c). Oak tree and grazing impacts on soil properties and nutrients in a California oak woodland. Biogeochemistry, 39:45–64.
Dahlgren, R. A., Ugolini, F. C. and Casey, W. H. (1999). Field weathering rates of Mt. St. Helens tephra. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63:587–98.
Dahlgren, R. A., Saigusa, M.Ugolini, F. C. (2004). The nature, properties and management of volcanic soils. Advances in Agronomy, 82:113–82.
Dalrymple, J. B., Blong, R. J. and Conacher, A. J. (1968). An hypothetical nine-unit landsurface model. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, 12:60–76.
Daniels, R. B. and Gamble, E. E. (1967). The edge effect in some Ultisols in the North Carolina Coastal Plain. Geoderma, 1:117–24.
Darwin, C. (1985). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London: Penguin Books.
Davison, B. and Zhang, H. (2005). Diffusion gradients in thin-films (DGT). www.dgtresearch.com [verified on 15 May, 2005].
Delvaux, B. and Herbillon, A. J. (1995). Pathways of mixed-layer kaolin-smectite formation in soils. In Churchman, G. J., Fitzpatrick, R. W. and Eggleton, R. A. (eds.) Clays Controlling the Environment, pp. 457–61. Melbourne: CSIRO Publishing.
Deppenmeier, U., Müller, V. and Gottschalk, G. (1996). Pathways of energy conservation in methanogenic archaea. Archive of Microbiology, 165:149–63.
Dieffenbach, A. and Matzner, E. (2000). In situ soil solution chemistry in the rhizosphere of mature Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) trees. Plant and Soil, 222:149–61.
Dilly, O. (2005). Microbial energetics in soil. In Buscot, F. and Varma, A. (eds.) Microorganisms in soils: roles in genesis and functions, pp. 123–38. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
Dilly, O. and Blume, H. -P. (1998). Indicators to assess sustainable land use with reference to soil microbiology. Advances in GeoEcology, 31:29–36.
Dilly, O.and Munch, J. C. (1995). Microbial biomass and activities in partly hydromorphic agricultural and forest soils in the Bornhöved Lake region of Northern Germany. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 19:343–47.
Dilly, O., Bartsch, S., Rosenbrock, P., Buscot, F. and Munch, J. C. (2001). Shifts in physiological capabilities of the microbiota during the decomposition of leaf litter in a black alder (Alnus glutinosa (Gaertn.) L.) forest. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33:921–30.
Dilly, O., Blume, H. -P., Sehy, U., Jimenez, M. and Munch, J. C. (2003). Variation of stabilised, microbial and biologically active carbon and nitrogen in soil under contrasting land use and agricultural management practices. Chemosphere, 52:557–69.
Dilly, O., Gnaß, A. and Pfeiffer, E. -M. (2005). Humus accumulation and microbial activities in Calcari-Epigleyic Fluvisols under grassland and forest diked in for 30 years. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37:2163–66.
Dixon, J. B., and Schulze, D. G. (eds.) (2002). Soil Mineralogy with Environmental Applications. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.
Dixon, J. B. and Weed, S. B. (eds.) (1989). Minerals in Soil Environments, 2nd edition. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.
Dokuchaev, V. (1883). Russian Chernozem. Selected Works of V. V. Dokuchaev, Vol 1. Translated by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations (1967), Jerusalem.
Doran, J. W. and Parkin, T. B. (1996). Quantitative indicators of soil quality: a minimum data set. In Doran, J. W. and Jones, A. J. (eds.) Methods for Assessing Soil Quality, pp. 25–37. SSSA Spec. Pub. 49. Madison, WI: SSSA.
Driscoll, C. T., Lawrence, G. B., Bulger, A. J.et al. (2001). Acidic deposition in the northeastern United States: sources and inputs, ecosystem effects, and management strategies. BioScience, 51:180–98.
EEA (1999). Environment in the European Union at the Turn of the Century, chapter 3.6. Environmental Assessment Report 2. Copenhagen: European Environmental Agency. reports.eea.eu.int/92-9157-202-0/en/3.6.pdf [verified on 21 December, 2005].
EEA (2003). Europe's Environment: The Third Assessment. Copenhagen: European Environment Agency.
EEA/UNEP (2000). Down to Earth: Soil degradation and Sustainable Development in Europe – a Challenge for the 21st Century. Environmental Issue Report 16. Copenhagen: EEA and United Nations Environment Programme Regional Office for Europe.
EEB (2004). European Soil Protection Policy: time to move from neglect to protection. Brussels: European Environmental Bureau. www.eeb.org [verified on 20 March 2006].
Egashira, K., Tsuda, T. and Takuma, K. (1985). Relationship between soil properties and the erodibility of Masa soils (granitic soils). Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 31:105–11.
Eldridge, D. J. (2003). Exploring some relationships between biological soil crusts, soil aggregation and wind erosion. Journal of Arid Environments, 3:457–66.
Ellis, J. R. (1998). Post flood syndrome and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Journal of Production Agriculture, 11:200–4.
Emerson, W. W. (1995). Water retention, organic C and soil texture. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 33:241–351.
Eswaran, H., Bin, W. C. (1978). A study of a deep weathering profile on granite in Peninsular Malaysia. Parts I, II and III. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 42:144–58.
Eurogas (2005). Statistics 2004. www.eurogas.org/preview/frameset.asp?page=11 [verified on 20 March 2006].
European Commission (2002). Towards a thematic strategy for soil protection. COM(2002)179. Brussels: European Parliament, Economic and Social Committee, and Committee of the Regions.
Fairbridge, R. W. (1968). Mountain and hilly terrain. In Fairbridge, R. W. (ed.) The Encyclopedia of Geomorphology, pp. 745–747. New York: Reinhold Book Corporation.
Falloon, P., Smith, P., Coleman, K. and Marshall, S. (1998). Estimating the size of the inert organic matter pool from total soil organic carbon content for use in the Rothamsted carbon model. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 30:1207–11.
Fanning, D. S. and Fanning, M. C. B. (1989). Soil Morphology, Genesis, and Classification. New York: John Wiley.
FAO (2006). TERRASTAT: Global Land Resources GIS Models and Databases for Poverty and Food Insecurity. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. www.fao.org/ag/agl/agll/terrastat/ [verified on March 20, 2006].
FAO/ISRIC/ISSS (1998). World Reference Base for Soil Resources. World Soil Resources, Report 84. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Soil Reference and Information Centre, and International Society of Soil Science. www.fao.org/ag/agl/agll/wrb/ [verified on 9 March, 2005].
Feller, C. (1997). La matière organique des sols. Questions, concepts et méthodologies. Quelques aspects historiques et état actuel. Comptes Rendus de l‘Académie d'Agriculture de France, 83:85–98.
FitzPatrick, E. A. (1956). An indurated soil horizon formed by permafrost. Journal of Soil Science, 7:248–54.
FitzPatrick, E. A. (1980). Soils: Their Formation, Classification and Distribution. Reprinted in 1983 and 1991. London: Longman.
FitzPatrick, E. A. (2002). Horizon identification using Excel. In Proceedings of the 17th World Congress of Soil Science, Bangkok, Thailand, 1983, pp. 1–5. www.ldd.go.th/Wcss 2002 /papers/1983.pdf [verified on 21 December 2005].
Foissner, W. (1987). Soil Protozoa: fundamental problems, ecology significance, adaptations in ciliates and testaceans, bioindicators, and guide to literature. Progress in Protistology, 2:69–212.
Folland, C. K., Karl, T. R. and Vinnikov, K. Y. A. (1990). Observed climate variations and change. In Houghton, J. T., Jenkins, G. J. and Ephraums, J. J. (eds.) Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment, pp. 195–238. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Frazier, C. S. and Graham, R. C. (2000). Pedogenic transformation of fractured granitic bedrock, southern California. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64:2057–69.
Freeman, C., Ostle, N. and Kang, H. (2001). An enzymic ‘latch’ on a global carbon store: a shortage of oxygen locks up carbon in peatlands by restraining a single enzyme. Nature, 409:149.
Fridland, V. M. (1976). Pattern of the Soil Cover. Translation of 1972 Russian edition. Jerusalem: Keter Publishing House.
Fukui, Y. and Doskey, P. V. (1996). Technique for measuring nonmethane organic compound emissions from grassland. Journal of Environmental Quality, 25:601–10.
GACGC (1995). World in Transition: The Threat to Soils. German Advisory Council on Global Change 1994 Annual Report. Bonn: Economia Verlag.
Galloway, J. N. (1998). The global nitrogen cycle: changes and consequences. Environmental Pollution, 102:15–24.
Galloway, J. N., Aber, J. D., Erisman, J. W.et al. (2003). The nitrogen cascade. BioScience, 53:341–56.
Garcia, R. and Millan, E. (1998). Assessment of Cd, Pb and Zn contamination in roadside soils and grasses from Gipuzkoa (Spain). Chemosphere, 37:1615–25.
Rodeja, Garcia E., Macias, Vazquez F. and Guitian Ojea, F. (1984). Reacción con FNa del suelos de Galicia. II: Suelos sobre rocas graníticas. Anales de Edafología y Agrobiologíia, 43:787–807.
Garcia-Talegon, J., Molina, E. and Vicente, M. A. (1994). Nature and characteristics of 1:1 phyllosilicates from weathered granite, central Spain. Clay Minerals, 29:727–34.
Garnier, P., Neel, C., Mary, B. and Lafolie, F. (2001). Evaluation of a nitrogen transport and transformation model in a bare soil. European Journal of Soil Science, 52:253–68.
Gellert, R., Rieder, R., Anderson, R. C.et al. (2004). Chemistry of rocks and soils in Gusev Crater from the alpha particle X-ray spectrometer. Science, 305:829–32.
Gerasimov, I. P.and Glazovskaya, M. A. (1965). Fundamentals of Soil Science and Soil Geography. Translation of 1960 Russian edition. Jerusalem: Israel Program of Scientific Translations.
German Advisor Council on Global Change (2003). World in Transition: Towards Sustainable Energy Systems. London: Earthscan.
Gessler, P. E., Chadwick, O. A., Chamran, F., Althouse, L. and Holmes, K. (2000). Modeling soil-landscape and ecosystem properties using terrain attributes. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64:2046–56.
Gilkes, R. J., Scholz, G. and Dimmock, G. M. (1973). Lateritic deep weathering of granite. Journal of Soil Science, 24:523–36.
Gillman, G. P. and Bell, L. C. (1976). Surface charge characteristics of six weathered soils from tropical North Queensland. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 14:351–60.
Gillman, G. P. and Sumpter, E. A. (1986). Surface charge characteristics and lime requirements of soils derived from basaltic, granitic and metamorphic rocks in high-rainfall tropical Queensland. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 24:173–92.
Glentworth, R. and Muir, J. W. (1963). The Soils of the Country Round Aberdeen, Inverurie and Fraserburgh. Memoirs of the Soil Survey of Great Britain. Edinburgh: HMSO.
Golchin, A. (1994). Soil structure and carbon cycling. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 32:1043–68.
Golchin, A., Baldock, J. A. and Oades, J. M. (1998). A model linking organic matter decomposition, chemistry, and aggregate dynamics. In Lal, R., Kimble, J. M., Follett, R. F. and Stewart, B. A. (eds.), Soil Processes and the Carbon Cycle, pp. 245–66. Advances in Soil Science. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Goss, J. C. and Phillips, F. M. (2001). Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides: theory and application. Quaternary Science Reviews, 20:1475–560.
Gosz, J. R., Likens, G. E. and Bormann, F. H. (1973). Nutrient release from decomposing leaf and branch litter in the Hubbard Brook Forest, New Hampshire. Ecological Monograph, 43:173–91.
Graham, R. C. and Buol, S. W. (1990). Soil-geomorphic relations on the Blue Ridge Front. II: Soil characteristics and pedogenesis. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 54:1367–77.
Graham, R. C., Schoenberger, P. J., Anderson, M. A., Sternberg, P. D. and Tice, K. R. (1997). Morphology, porosity and hydraulic conductivity of weathered granitic bedrock and overlying soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61:516–22.
Green, P. A., Vörösmarty, C. J., Meybeck, M., Galloway, J. N., Peterson, B. J. and Boyer, E. W. (2004). Pre-industrial and contemporary fluxes of nitrogen through rivers: a global assessment based on typology. Biogeochemistry, 68:71–105.
Green, T. R., Ahuja, L. R. and Benjamin, J. G. (2003). Advances and challenges in predicting agricultural management effects on soil hydraulic properties. Geoderma, 116:3–27.
Gregorich, E. G., Carter, M. R., Angers, D. A., Monreal, C. M. and Ellert, B. H. (1995). Towards a minimum data set to assess soil organic matter quality in agricultural soils. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 74:367–85.
Grimvall, A., Stålnacke, P. and Tonderski, A. (2000). Time scales of nutrient losses from land to sea: a European perspective. Ecological Engineering, 14:363–71.
Hagedorn, F., Schleppi, P., Mohn, J., Bucher, J. B. and Flühler, H. (2001). Retention and leaching of elevated N deposition in a forest ecosystem with Gleysols. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 129:119–42.
Hagedorn, F., Blaser, P. and Siegwolf, R. (2002). Elevated atmospheric CO2 and increased N deposition effects on dissolved organic carbon-clues from δ13C signature. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34:355–66.
Hagedorn, F., Spinnler, D., Bundt, M., Blaser, P. and Siegwolf, R. (2003). The input and fate of new C in two forest soils under elevated CO2. Global Change Biology, 9:862–72.
Hahn, F. (2004). Künstliche Beschneiung im Alpenraum: Ein Hintergrundbericht. Schaan, Liechtenstein: CIPRA International. http://www.alpmedia.net/pdf/Dossier_Kunstschnee_D.pdf [verified on 24 March 2006].
Hajabbasi, M. A., Jalalian, A. and Karimzadeh, H. R. (1997). Deforestation effects on soil physical and chemical properties, Lordegan, Iran. Plant and Soil, 190:301–8.
Hamdan, J., Ruhana, B. and McRae, S. G. (2000). Characteristics of a regolith developed on basalt in Pahang, Malaysia. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 31:981–93.
Hanson, R. S. and Hanson, T. E. (1996). Methanotrophic bacteria. Microbiological Reviews, 60:439–71.
Hattori, T. (1992). Distribution and movement of Protozoa within and among soil aggregates. Bulletin of Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology, 7:69–74.
Heimsath, A. M., Dietrich, W. E., Nishiizumi, I. and Finkel, R. C. (1997). The soil production function and landscape equilibrium. Nature, 388:358–61.
Heimsath, A. M., Dietrich, W. E., Nishiizumi, K. and Finkel, R. C. (1999). Cosmogenic nuclides, topography, and the spatial variation of soil depth. Geomorphology, 27:151–72.
Helms, D. (2002). Early Leaders of the Soil Survey. In Helms, D., Effland, A. B. W. and Durana, P. J. (eds.), Profiles in the History of the U.S. Soil Survey, pp. 19–64. Ames: Iowa State Press.
Hillel, D. (1998). Environmental Soil Physics. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Hinkelman, E. G. (2005). Dictionary of International Trade. Novato, CA: World Trade Press.
Hinsinger, P. (1998). How do plant roots acquire mineral nutrients? Chemical processes involved in the rhizosphere. Advances in Agronomy, 64:225–65.
Hirano, Y., Zimmermann, S., Graf Pannatier, E. and Brunner, I. (2004). Induction of callose in roots of Norway spruce seedlings after short-term exposure to Al. Tree Physiology, 24:1270–83.
Holmgren, G. G. S. (1988). The point representation of soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 52:712–16.
Houghton, R. A., Callander, B. A. and Varney, S. K. (1992). Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hunckler, R. V. and Schaetzl, R. J. (1997). Spodosol development as affected by geomorphic aspect, Baraga County, Michigan. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61:1105–15.
Hutchinson, G. E. (ed.) (1970). Ianula: An Account of the History and Development of the Lago di Monterosi, Latium, Italy. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 60. Philadelphia PA: APS.
Hyvönen, R. and Huhta, V. (1989). Effects of lime, ash and nitrogen fertilizers on nematode populations in Scots pine forest soils. Pedobiologia, 33:129–43.
Ingersoll, R. B., Inman, R. E. and Fisher, W. R. (1974). Soils potential as a sink for atmospheric carbon monoxide. Tellus, 26:151–8.
IRF (2003). World Road Statistics. Geneva: International Road Federation.
Irmler, U. (2000). Changes in the fauna and its contribution to mass loss and N release during leaf litter decomposition in two deciduous forests. Pedobiologia, 44:105–18.
Irmler, U., Wachendorf, C. and Blume, H. -P. (1997). Landscape pattern of humus forms and their soil biology. Recent Research Developments in Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1:93–108.
Isbell, R. F., Stephenson, P. J., Murtha, G. G. and Gillman, G. P. (1976). Red Basaltic Soils in North Queensland. I: Environment, Morphology, Particle Size Characteristics and Clay Mineralogy. II: Chemistry. Division of Soils, Technical Paper 28. Adelaide: CSIRO.
Isbell, R. F., Gillman, G. P., Murtha, G. G. and Jones, P. N. (1977). Brown Basaltic Soils in North Queensland. Division of Soils, Technical Paper 34. Adelaide: CSIRO.
ISRIC (1990). GLASOD. Global Assessment of Human Induced Soil Degradation. Wageningen: International Soil Reference and Information Center.
IUSS Working Group WRB (2006). World Reference base for Soil Resources (2006). 2nd edition. World Soil Resources Reports No.103. Rome: FAO.
Jamagne, M. and King, D. (2003). The current French approach to a soilscape typology. In Eswaran, H., Rice, T., Ahrens, R. and Stewart, B. A. (eds.) Soil Classification. A Global Desk Reference, pp. 158–78. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Jaworski, N. A., Howarth, R. W. and Hetling, L. J. (1997). Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen oxides onto the landscape contributes to coastal eutrophication in the Northeast United States. Environmental Science and Technology, 31:1995–2005.
Jaynes, W. F., Bigham, J. M., Smeck, N. E. and Shipitalo, M. J. (1989). Interstratified 1:1–2:1 mineral formation in a polygenetic soil from southern Ohio. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 53:1888–94.
Jenkinson, D. S. and Rayner, J. H. (1977). The turnover of soil organic matter in some of the Rothamsted classical experiments. Soil Science, 123:298–305.
Jenny, H. (1941). Factors of Soil Formation. A System of Quantitative Pedology.New York: McGraw Hill.
Jenny, H. (1958). Role of the plant factor in the pedogenic functions. Ecology, 39:5–16.
Jenny, H. (1961). E.W. Hilgard and the Birth of Modern Soil Science. Pisa: Collana della Rivista ‘Agrochimica’.
Jenny, H. (1980). The Soil Resource. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Jenny, H. (1989). Hans Jenny: Soil Scientist, Teacher, and Scholar. Interviews by D. Haher and K. Stuart. University History Series. Berkeley, CA: Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California.
Jobbagy, E. G. and Jackson, R. B. (2004). The uplift of soil nutrients by plants: biogeochemical consequences across scales. Ecology, 85:2380–9.
Johnson, D. L. and Watson-Stegner, D. (1987). Evolution model of pedogenesis. Soil Science, 143:349–66.
Johnson, D. W. and Curtis, P. S. (2001). Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage: meta analysis. Forest Ecology and Management, 140:227–38.
Kay, G. F. (1916). Gumbotil, a new term for Pleistocene geology. Science, 44:637–8.
Keller, L. P. and McKay, D. S. (1997). The nature and origin of rims on lunar soil grains. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61:2331–41.
Kelly, E. F., Chadwick, O. A. and Hilinski, T. E. (1998). The effects of plants on mineral weathering. Biogeochemistry, 42:21–53.
Khalil, M. A. K., Rasmussen, R. A. and Shearer, M. J. (1998). Effects of production and oxidation processes on methane emissions from rice fields. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103:233–9.
Kittrick, J. A. (1967). Gibbsite-kaolinite equilibria. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, 31:314–16.
Kristufek, V., Ravasz, K. and Pizl, V. (1992). Changes in densities of bacteria and microfungi during gut transit in Lumbricus rubellus and Aporrectodea caliginosa (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 24:1499–500.
Kropff, M., Jones, J. and Laar, G. (2001). Advances in systems approaches for agricultural development. Agricultural Systems, 70:353–4.
Krupenikov, I. A. (1992). History of Soil Science. Translation of 1981 Russian edition, TT89–7–0184. New Delhi: Amerind Publishing Corporation.
Kruse, C. W., Moldrup, P. and Iversen, N. (1996). Atmosperic methane diffusion and consumption in a forest soil. Soil Science, 161:355–65.
Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The Structure of scientific Revolutions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Kuyvenhoven, A., Bouma, J. and Keulen, H. (1998). Policy analysis for sustainable land use and food security. Agricultural Systems, 58:281–481.
Lal, R. (2004). Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security. Science, 304:1623–7.
Landa, E. R. (2004). Albert H. Munsell: a sense of color at the interface of art and science. Soil Science, 169:83–9.
Lauren, A. (1997). Physical properties of the mor layer in a Scots pine stand. II: Air permeability. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 77:635–42.
Lay, M. G. (1992).Ways of the World.New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Lee, B. D., Graham, R. C., Laurent, T. E. and Amrhein, C. (2004). Pedogenesis in a wetland meadow and surrounding serpentinitic landslide terrain, northern California, USA. Geoderma, 118:303–20.
Legrand, P., Turmel, M. -C., Sauvé, S. and Courchesne, F. (2005). Speciation and bioavailability of trace metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in the rhizosphere of contaminated soils. In Huang, P. M. and Gobran, G. R. (eds.) Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere, pp. 261–99. New York: Elsevier.
Letey, J. (1985). Relationship between soil physical properties and crop production. Advances in Soil Science, 1:277–94.
Lin, H., Bouma, J., Wilding, L., Richardson, J., Kutilek, M. and Nielsen, D. R. (2004). Advances in hydropedology. Advances in Agronomy, 85:1–89.
Lindsay, W. L. (1979). Chemical Equilibria in Soils. New York: John Wiley.
Lipiec, J., Arvidsson, J. and Murer, E. (2003). Review of modeling crop growth, movement of water and chemicals in relation to topsoil and subsoil compaction. Soil and Tillage Research, 73:15–29.
Logsdon, S. D. and Karlen, D. L. (2004). Bulk density as a soil quality indicator during conversion to no-tillage. Soil and Tillage Research, 78:143–9.
Mamilov, A. S. and Dilly, O. (2002). Soil microbial eco-physiology as affected by short-term variations in environmental conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34:1283–90.
Manna, S., Courchesne, F., Roy, A. G., Turmel, M. -C. and Côté, B. 2002. Trace metals in the forest floor, litterfall patterns and topography. Proceedings of the 17th World Congress of Soil Science. Bangkok, Thailand, 1306:1–9. www.ldd.go.th/Wcss 2002/papers/1306.pdf [verified on 21 December 2005].
Maraun, M., Alphei, J., Bonkowski, M.et al. (1999). Middens of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris (Lumbricidae): microhabitats for micro- and mesofauna in forest soil. Pedobiologia, 43:276–86.
Markewitz, D. (1997). Soil without life?Nature, 389:435.
Marschner, H. (1995). The Mineral Nutrition in Higher Plants. London: Academic Press.
Marschner, H. and Römheld, V. (1996). Root-induced changes in the availability of micronutrients in the rhizosphere. In Waisel, Y., Eshel, A. and Kafkafi, U. (eds.) Plant Roots: the Hidden Half, pp. 557–79. New York: Marcel Dekker.
Martin, R. R., Naftel, S., Macfie, S., Skinner, W., Courchesne, F. and Séguin, V. (2004). Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry studies on the distribution of metals between the soil, rhizosphere and roots of Populus tremuloïdes Minchx growing in forest soil. Chemosphere, 54:1121–5.
Mautner, M. (1997). Biological potential of extraterrestrial materials. 1: Nutrients in carbonaceous meteorites and effects on biological growth. Planetary and Space Science, 45:653–64.
McCarthy, P. (2001). The principles of humic substances. Soil Science, 166:738–51.
McCoy, B. J., Rolston, D. E. (1992). Convective transport of gases in moist porous media. Environmental Science and Technology, 26:2468–76.
McDaniel, P. A. and Buol, S. W. (1991). Manganese distributions in acid soils of the North Carolina Piedmont. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 55:152–8.
McMartin, I., Henderson, P. J., Plouffe, A. and Knight, R. D. (2002). Comparison of Cu-Hg-Ni-Pb concentration in soils adjacent to anthropogenic point sources: examples from four Canadian sites. Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, 2:57–73.
McNabb, D. H., Stratsev, A. D. and Nguyen, H. (2001). Soil wetness and traffic level effects on bulk density and air-filled porosity of compacted boreal forest soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 65:1238–47.
Milne, G. (1935). Some suggested units of classification and mapping, particularly for East African Soils. Soil Research, 4:183–198.
Ming, D. W. and Henninger, D. L. (eds.) (1989). Lunar Base Agriculture: Soils for Plant Growth. Madison, WI: ASA, CSSA, and SSSA.
Mitchell, B. D. and Jarvis, R. A. (1956). The Soils of the Country Round Kilmarnock. Memoirs of the Soil Survey of Great Britain, Scotland. Edinburgh: HMSO.
Mokma, D. L. and Evans, C. V. (2000). Spodosols. In Sumner, M. E. (ed.) Handbook of Soil Science, pp. E307–E321. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Moody, L. E. and Graham, R. C. (1997). Silica-cemented terrace edges, central California coast. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61:1723–1729.
Moore, I. D., Gessler, P. E., Nielsen, G. A. and Peterson, G. A. (1993). Soil attribute prediction using terrain analysis. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 57:443–452.
Moore, J. N. and Luoma, S. N. (1990). Hazardous wastes from large-scale metal extraction: a case study. Environmental Scicnce and Technology, 24: 1278–85.
Morris, R. V., Klingelhöfer, G., Bernhardt, B.et al. (2004). Mineralogy at Gusev Crater from the Mössbauer Spectrometer on the Spirit Rover. Science, 305:833–6.
Murase, J. and Kimura, M. (1996). Methane production and its fate in paddy fields. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 42:187–90.
Murty, D., Kirschbaum, M. U. F., McMurtrie, R. E. and McGilvray, H. (2002). Does conversion of forest to agricultural land change soil carbon and nitrogen? A review of the literature. Global Change Biology, 8:105–23.
Nevo, E., Travleev, A. P., Belova, N. A.et al. (1998). Edaphic interslope and valley bottom differences at ‘Evolution Canyon’, Lower Nahal Oren, Mount Carmel, Israel. Catena, 33:241–54.
Newnham, R. M., Lowe, D. J. and Williams, P. W. (1999). Quaternary environmental change in New Zealand: a review. Progress in Physical Geography, 23:567–610.
Nockolds, S. R. (1954). Average chemical composition of some igneous rocks. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 65:1007–32.
Nolan, B. T., Ruddy, B. C., Hitt, K. J. and Helsel, D. R. (1998). Nitrate in Ground Waters of the United States. Proceedings of the National Water Quality Monitoring Council. Reno, NV: NWQMC.
Nordt, L. C., Wilding, L. P., Hallmark, C. T. and Jacob, J. S. (1996). Stable carbon isotope composition of pedogenic carbonates and their use in studying pedogeneis. In Boutton, T. W. and Yamasaki, S. (eds.) Mass Spectrometry of Soils, pp. 133–54. New York: Marcel-Dekker.
Norman, J. M., Kucharik, C. J., Gower, S. T.et al. (1997). A comparison of six methods for measuring soil-surface carbon dioxide fluxes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102:28771–7.
Norrish, K. and Rosser, H. (1983). Mineral phosphate. In Soils: An Australian Viewpoint, pp. 335–61. Melbourne: CSIRO and London: Academic Press.
Norrish, K. and Pickering, J. G. (1983). Clay minerals. In Soils: An Australian Viewpoint, pp. 281–308. Melbourne: CSIRO and London: Academic Press.
NRCS (1996). Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual. Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey Investigations, Report No. 42. Washington, DC: U.S. Govt. Printing Office.
Nyborg, M., Laidlaw, J. W., Solberg, E. D. and Malhi, S. S. (1997). Denitrification and nitrous oxide emissions from a black chernozemic soil during spring thaw in Alberta. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 77:153–60.
Olowolafe, E. A. (2002). Soil parent materials and properties in two separate catchment areas on the Jos Plateau, Nigeria. GeoJournal, 56:210–12.
Olson, C. G., Thompson, M. L. and Wilson, M. A. (2000). Phyllosilicates. In Sumner, M. E. (ed.) Handbook of Soil Science, pp. F77–F123. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Oxford Dictionary (1966). The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. Friedrichsen, G. W. S. and Bunchfield, R. W. (eds.). London: Oxford University Press.
Ozima, M., Seki, K., Terada, N., Miura, Y. N., Podosek, F. A. and Shinagawa, H. (2005). Terrestrial nitrogen and noble gases in lunar soils. Nature, 436:655–9.
Packer, I. J. and Hamilton, G. J. (1993). Soil physical and chemical changes due to tillage and their implications for erosion and productivity. Soil and Tillage Research, 27:327–39.
Palmer, S. M. and Driscoll, C. T. (2002). Acidic deposition: decline in mobilization of toxic aluminium. Nature, 417:242–3.
Paquet, H. and Millot, G. (1972). Geochemical evolution of clay minerals in the weathered products in soils of Mediterranean climate. In Serratosa, J. M. (ed.) Proceedings of the International Clay Conference, pp. 199–206. Madrid: Tipografia Artistica.
Parfitt, R. L., Russell, M. and Orbell, G. E. (1983). Weathering sequence of soils from volcanic ash involving allophane and halloysite, New Zealand. Geoderma, 29:41–57.
Paton, T. R., Humphreys, G. S. and Mitchell, P. B. (1995). Soils: A New Global View. London: Yale University Press.
Paul, E. A. and Clark, F. E. (1989). Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry. New York: Academic Press.
Petersen, L. V., El-Farhan, Y. H.Moldrup, P.et al. (1996). Transient diffusion, adsorption and emission of volatile organic vapors in soils with fluctuating low water contents. Journal of Environmental Quality, 25:1054–63.
Piccolo, A. (2002). The supramolecular structure of humic substances: a novel understanding of humus chemistry and implications in soil science. Advances in Agronomy, 75:57–134.
Pierzynski, G. M., Sims, T. and Vance, G. F. (2000). Soils and Environmental Quality, 2nd edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Pillans, B. (1998). Regolith Dating Methods. A Guide to Numerical Dating Techniques.Perth, Australia: Cooperative Research Centre for Landscape Evolution and Mineral Exploration.
Pillans, B. (2004). Geochronology of the Australian Regolith. Geochronology, 168:117–30.
Pimentel, D., Harvey, C., Resosudarmo, P.et al. (1995). Environmental and economic costs of soil erosion and conservation benefits. Science, 267:1117–23.
Plante, A. F. and McGill, W. B. (2002). Soil aggregate dynamics and the retention of organic matter in laboratory-incubated soil with differing simulated tillage frequencies. Soil and Tillage Research, 66:79–92.
Poole, D. K. and Miller, P. C. (1975). Water relations of selected species of chaparral and coastal sage communities. Ecology, 56:1118–28.
Post, W. M., Emmanuel, W. R., Zinke, P. J. and Stangenberger, A. G. (1982). Soil carbon pools and world life zones. Nature, 298:156–9.
Post, W. M., Pastor, J., Zinke, P. J. and Stangenberger, A. G. (1985). Global patterns of soil nitrogen storage. Nature, 317:613–16.
Postel, S. L., Daily, G. C. and Ehrlich, P. R. (1996). Human appropriation of renewable freshwater. Science, 271:785–8.
Poulet, F., Bibring, J. -P., Mustard, J. F.et al. (2005). Phyllosilicates on Mars and implications for early Martian climate. Nature, 438:623–7.
Preston, C., Newman, R. H. and Rother, P. (1994). Using 13C CPMAS NMR to assess effects of cultivation on the organic matter of particle size fractions in a grassland soil. Soil Science, 157:20–35.
Puget, P., Chenu, C. and Balesdent, J. (1995). Total and young organic carbon distributions in aggregates of silty cultivated soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 46:449–59.
Pulleman, M. M., Bouma, J., Essen, E. A. and Meijles, E. W. (2000). Soil organic matter content as a function of different land use history. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64:689–94.
Rebertus, R. A. and Buol, S. W. (1985). Intermittency of illuviation in Dystrochrepts and Hapludults from the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina. Geoderma, 36:277–91.
Reid-Soukup, D. A. and Ulery, A. L. (2002). Smectites. In Dixon, J. B. and Schulze, D. G. (eds.) Soil Mineralogy with Environmental Applications, pp. 467–99. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.
Reimann, C., Banks, D. and Kashulina, G. (2000). Processes influencing the chemical composition of the O-horizon of podzols along a 500-km north-south profile from the coast of the Barents Sea to the Arctic Circle. Geoderma, 95:113–39.
Rengasamy, P. and Sumner, M. E. (1998). Processes involved in sodic behaviour. In Sumner, M. E. and Naidu, R. (eds.) Sodic Soils, pp. 35–50. New York: Oxford University Press.
Riesen, T. K., Zimmermann, S. and Blaser, P. (1999). Spatial distribution of 137Cs in forest soils of Switzerland. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 114:277–85.
Righi, D., Bravard, S., Chauvel, A., Ranger, J. and Robert, M. (1990). In situ study of soil processes in an Oxisol-Spodosol sequence of Amazonia (Brazil). Soil Science, 150:438–45.
Ritter, E., Vesterdal, L. and Gundersen, P. (2003). Changes in soil properties after afforestation of former intensively managed soils with oak and Norway spruce. Plant and Soil, 249:319–30.
Robarts, R. and Wetzel, R. (2000). The Global Water and Nitrogen Cycles. www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/kling/water_nitro/water_and_ nitrogen_cycles.htm [verified on 17 May 2005].
Robertson, I. D. M. and Eggleton, R. A. (1991). Weathering of granitic muscovite to kaolinite and halloysite and of plagioclase-derived kaolinite to halloysite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 39:113–26.
Rojstaczer, S., Sterling, S. M. and Moore, N. J. (2001). Human appropriation of photosynthesis products. Science, 294:2549–52.
Rudolf, J., Rothfuss, F. and Conrad, R. (1996). Flux between soil and atmosphere, vertical concentration profiles in soil, and turnover of nitric oxide. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 23:253–73.
Ruf, M. and Brunner, I. (2003). Vitality of tree fine roots: reevaluation of the tetrazolium test. Tree Physiology, 23:257–63.
Ruhe, R. V. (1975). Geomorphology: Geomorphic Processes and Surficial Geology. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Ryszkowski, L. (1975). Energy and matter economy of ecosystems. In Dobben, W. H. and Lowe-McConnel, R. H. (eds.) Unifying Concepts in Ecology. The Hague: Junk.
Sandaa, R. A., Torsvik, V. and Enger, O. (2001). Influence of long-term heavy-metal contamination on microbial communities in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33:287–95.
Sanderson, E. W., Jaiteh, M., Levy, M. A., Redford, K. H., Wannebo, A. V. and Woolmer, G. (2002). The human footprint and the last of the wild. Bioscience, 52:891–904.
Sase, T. and Hosono, M. (1996). Vegetation histories of Holocene volcanic ash soils in Japan and New Zealand: relationship between genesis of melanic volcanic ash soils and human impact. Earth Science (Chikyu Kagaku), 50:466–82.
Scalenghe, R., Certini, G., Corti, G., Zanini, E. and Ugolini, F. C. (2004). Segregated ice and liquefaction effects on compaction of fragipans. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 68:204–14.
Schaefer, M. and Schauermann, J. (1990). The soil fauna of beech forests: comparison between a mull and a moder soil. Pedobiologia, 34:299–314.
Scharpenseel, H. W. (1993). Major carbon reservoirs of the pedosphere: source-sink relation, potential of 14C and 13C as supporting methodologies. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 70:431–42.
Scheinost, A. C. and Schwertmann, U. (1999). Color identification of iron oxides and hydroxysulfates: use and limitations. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 63:1463–71.
Scheu, S. (1987). The role of substrate feeding earthworms (Lumbricidae) for bioturbation in a beechwood soil. Oecologia, 72:192–6.
Schoeneberger, P. J., Wysocki, D. A., Benham, E. C. and Broderson, W. D. (1998). Fieldbook for Describing and Sampling Soils. Lincoln, NE: Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA, National Soil Survey Center.
Schwertmann, U. (1985). The effect of pedogenic environments on iron oxide minerals. Advances in Soil Science, 1:172–99.
Scow, K. M. and Johnson, C. R. (1997). Effect of sorption on biodegradation of soil pollutants. Advances in Agronomy, 58:1–56.
Séguin, V., Gagnon, C. and Courchesne, F. (2004). Changes in water extractable metals, pH and organic carbon concentrations at the soil-root interface of forested soils. Plant and Soil, 260:1–17.
Seiler, W. (1974). The cycle of atmospheric CO. Tellus, 26:116–35.
Seligman, B. J. (2000). Long-term variability of pipeline: permafrost interactions in North-West Siberia. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 11:5–22.
Shainberg, I. (1992). Chemical and mineralogical components of crusting. In Sumner, M. E. and Stewart, B. A. (eds.) Soil Crusting Chemical and Physical Processes, pp. 33–53. Advances in Soil Science. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
Sharp, W. D., Ludwig, K. R., Chadwick, O. A., Amundson, R. and Glaser, L. L. (2003). Dating fluvial terraces by 230Th/U on pedogenic carbonate, Wind River Basin, Wyoming. Quaternary Research, 59:139–50.
Shiklomanov, I. A. (2000). Appraisal and assessment of world water resources. Water International, 25:11–32.
Shishov, L. L., Tonkonogov, V. D., Lebedeva, I. I. and Gerasimova, M. I. (2001). Russian Soil Classification System. English translation. Moscow: Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute.
Shoji, S. (1986). Mineral characteristics. I: Primary minerals. In Wada, K. (ed.) Ando Soils in Japan, pp. 21–40. Fukuoka, Japan: Kyushu University Press.
Shoji, S. and Masui, J. (1971). Opaline silica of recent volcanic ash soils in Japan. Journal of Soil Science, 22:101–12.
Shoji, S. and Takahashi, T. (2002). Environmental and agricultural significance of volcanic ash soils. Global Environmental Research, 6:113–35.
Shoji, S., Nanzyo, M. and Dahlgren, R. (1993a). Volcanic Ash Soils: Genesis, Properties and Utilization. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Shoji, S., Nanzyo, M., Shirato, Y. and Ito, T. (1993b). Chemical kinetics of weathering in young Andisols from northeastern Japan using soil age normalized to 10 °C. Soil Science, 155:53–60.
Shoji, S., Nanzyo, M., Dahlgren, R. A. and Quantin, P. (1996). Evaluation and proposed revisions of criteria for Andosols in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources. Soil Science, 161:604–15.
Simonson, R. W. (1995). Airborne dust and its significance to soils. Geoderma, 65:1–43.
Singer, A. (1977). Extractable sesquioxides in six Mediterranean soils developed on basalt and scoria. Journal of Soil Science, 28:125–35.
Singer, A. (1987). Land evaluation of basaltic terrain under semi-arid to Mediterranean conditions in the Golan Heights. Soil Use and Management, 3:155–62.
Singer, C. (1959). A History of Scientific Ideas. New York: Dorsett Press.
Singer, M. J. and Le, Bissonnais Y. (1998). Importance of surface sealing in the erosion of some soils from a Mediterranean climate. Geomorphology, 24:79–85.
Singer, M. J. and Shainberg, I. (2004). Mineral soil surface crusts and wind and water erosion. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 29:1065–75.
Singer, M. J. and Ugolini, F. C. (1974). Genetic history of two well-drained subalpine soils formed on complex parent material. Canadian Journal Soil Science, 54:475–89.
Singer, M. J. and Warrington, D. N. (1992). Crusting in the Western United States. In Sumner, M. E. and Stewart, B. A. (eds.) Soil Crusting Chemical and Physical Processes, pp. 179–204. Advances in Soil Science. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
Singh, B. and Gilkes, R. J. (1992). The electron-optical investigation of the alteration of kaolinite to halloysite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 40:212–29.
Sitaula, B. K., Warner, W. S., Bakken, L. R.et al. (1995). An interdisciplinary approach for studying greenhouse gases at the landscape scale. Norwegian Journal of Agricultural Science, 9: 189–209.
Six, J. and Jastrow, J. (2002). Organic matter turnover. In Lal, R. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Soil Science, pp. 936–42. New York: Marcel Dekker.
Six, J., Elliott, E. T. and Paustian, K. (2000). Soil macroaggregate turnover and microaggregate formation: a mechanism for C sequestration under no-tillage agriculture. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32:2099–2103.
Six, J., Connant, R. T., Paul, E. A. and Paustian, J. (2002). Stabilisation mechanisms of soil organic matter: implications for C-saturation of soils. Plant and Soil, 241:155–76.
Smagin, A. V. (1994). Theory of soil stability. Eurasian Soil Science, 27:17–32.
Smagin, A. V. (1999). Functioning regimes of bio-abiotic systems. Eurasian Soil Science, 32:1277–90.
Smagin, A. V. (2000). The gas function of soils. Eurasian Soil Science, 33:1061–71.
Smagin, A. V. (2003). Theory and methods of evaluating the physical status of soils. Eurasian Soil Science, 36:301–12.
Smagin, A. V., Smagina, M. V., Vomperskii, S. E. and Glukhova, T. V. (2000). Generation and emission of greenhouse gases in bogs. Eurasian Soil Science, 33:959–66.
Smaling, E. M. A., Oenema, O. and Fresco, L. O. (eds.) (1999). Nutrient Disequilibria in Agroecosystems: Concepts and Case Studies. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.
Smith, D. (2003). The Atlas of War and Peace. London: Earthscan.
Smith, W. H. (1981). Air Pollution and Forests. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Snakin, V. V., Prisyazhnaya, A. A. and Kovacs-Lang, E. (2001). Soil Liquid Phase Composition. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Soil Survey Staff. (1960). Soil Classification, a Comprehensive System:—7th Approximation. USDA-SCS. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.
Soil Survey Staff (1975). Soil Taxonomy. A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. Agricultural Handbook No. 436. Washington, DC: USDA.
Soil Survey Staff (1998). Keys to Soil Taxonomy. 8th edition. USDA, NRCS. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.
Soil Survey Staff (1999). Soil Taxonomy. A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. USDA, Handbook 436, 2nd edition. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.
Soil Survey Staff (2006). Keys to Soil Taxonomy. 10th edition. USDA, NRCS. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.
Soil Survey Staff (2005). National Soil Survey Characterization Data. Lincoln, NE: Soil Survey Laboratory, National Soil Survey Center, USDA, NRCS.
Sokolov, I. A. (1996). The paradigm of pedology from Dokuchaev to the present day. Eurasian Soil Science, 29:250–63.
Sonneveld, M. P. W. and Bouma, J. (2003). Methodological considerations for nitrogen policies in the Netherlands including a new role of research. Environmental Science and Policy, 6:501–11.
Sonneveld, M. P. W., Bouma, J. and Veldkamp, A. (2002). Refining soil survey information for a Dutch soil series using land use history. Soil Use and Management, 18:157–63.
Southard, R. J. and Buol, S. W. (1988). Subsoil blocky structure formation in some North Carolina Paleudults and Paleaquults. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 52:1069–76.
Sposito, G. (1981). The Thermodynamics of Soil Solutions. Oxford/New York: Clarendon Press.
Sposito, G., Schultz, A., Gersper, P. and Amundson, R. (1992). Hans Jenny. In In Memoriam, pp. 79–81. Berkeley, CA: Academic Senate, The University of California.
State Committee of the Russian Federation on Environmental Protection (1997). National Report on the State of the Environment in the Russian Federation in 1996. Moscow (in Russian).
Steele, K. (ed.) (1995). Animal Waste and the Land-Water Interface. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
Steen, I. (1998). Phosphorus availability in the 21st century: management of a non-renewable resource. Phosphorus and Potassium, 217:25–31. www.nhm.ac.uk/mineralogy/phos/p&k217/steen.htm [verified on 15 May 2005].
Stevenson, F. J. (1994). Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reactions. New York: John Wiley.
Stigliani, W. M. (1991). Chemical Time Bombs: Definitions, Concepts and Examples. Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.
Stremski, M. (1975). Ideas Underlying Soil Systematics. Translation of 1971 Polish edition. TT73–54013. Warsaw: Foreign Scientific Publisher.
Suarez, D. L. (1987). Prediction of pH errors in soil-water extractors due to degassing. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 51:64–7.
Sundquist, B. (2004). The Earth's Carrying Capacity. Some Literature Reviews. Edition 1. http://home.alltel.net/bsundquist1/ [verified on 7 April 2005].
Suzuki, T., Kondo, H., Yaguchi, K., Maki, T. and Suga, T. (1998). Estimation of leachability and persistence of pesticides at golf courses from point-source monitoring and model to predict pesticide leaching to groundwater. Environmental Science and Technology, 32:920–9.
Takahashi, T. and Shoji, S. (1996). Active aluminum status in surface horizons showing continuous climosequence of volcanic ash-derived soils in Towada district, northeastern Japan. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 42:113–20.
Takahashi, T., Nanzyo, M. and Shoji, S. (2004). Proposed revisions to the diagnostic criteria for andic and vitric horizons and qualifiers of Andosols in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 50:431–7.
Tandarich, J. P. and Sprecher, S. W. (1994). The intellectual background for the factors of soil formation. In Amundson, R., Harden, J. and Singer, M. (eds.) Factors of Soil Formation: A Fiftieth Anniversary Retrospective, pp. 1–13. Special Publication No. 33. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.
Tandarich, J. P., Darmody, R. G., Follmer, L. R. and Johnson, D. L. (2002). Historical development of soil and weathering profile concepts from Europe to the United States of America. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66:335–46.
Tansley, A. G. (1935). The use and abuse of vegetational concepts and terms. Ecology, 16:284–307.
Tardy, Y., Bocquier, G., Paquet, H. and Millot, G. (1973). Formation of clay from granite and its distribution in relation to climate and topography. Geoderma, 10:271–84.
Thompson, M., Zhang, H., Kazemi, M. and Sandor, J. (1989). Contribution of organic matter to cation exchange capacity and specific surface area of fractionated soil materials. Soil Science, 148:250–7.
Tiller, K. (1983). Micronutrients. In Soils: An Australian Viewpoint, pp. 365–87. Melbourne: CSIRO and London: Academic Press.
Tilman, D. (1987). Secondary succession and the pattern of plant dominance along experimental nitrogen gradients. Ecological Monographs, 57:189–214.
Tilman, D., Cassman, K. G., Matson, P. A., Naylor, R. and Polasky, S. (2002). Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature, 418:671–7.
Toop, E. and Pattey, E. (1997). Soils as sources and sinks for atmospheric methane. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 77:167–78.
Trumbore, S. E., Chadwick, O. A. and Amundson, R. (1996). Rapid exchange between soil carbon and atmospheric carbon dioxide driven by temperature change. Science, 272:393–6.
Tutzing Project ‘Time Ecology’ (1998). Preserving Soils for Life. Proposal for a Convention on Sustainable use of Soils (Soil Convention). Munich: Schriftenreihe zur politischen Ökologie.
Ugolini, F. C. (2005). Dynamic pedology. In Hillel, D. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment, Vol. 1, pp. 156–65. Oxford: Elsevier.
Ugolini, F. C. and Anderson, D. M. (1973). Ionic migration and weathering in frozen Antarctic soils. Soil Science, 115: 461–70.
Ugolini, F. C. and Dahlgren, R. A. (1987). The mechanism of podzolization as revealed by soil solution studies. In Righi, D. and Chauvel, A. (eds.) Podzols et Podzolisation, pp. 195–203. Paris: AFES – INRA.
Ugolini, F. C. and Dahlgren, R. A. (2002). Soil development in volcanic ash. Global Environmental Research, 6:69–81.
Ugolini, F. C. and Edmonds, R. L. (1983). Soil biology. In Wilding, L. P., Smeck, N. E. and Small, G. F. (eds.) Pedogenesis and Soil Taxonomy. I: Concepts and Interactions, pp. 193–231. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Ugolini, F. C. and Spaltenstein, H. (1992). The pedosphere. In Charlson, R., Orions, G., Butcher, S. and Wolf, G. (eds.) Global Biogeochemical Cycles, pp. 85–153. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Ugolini, F. C., Dawson, H. C. and Zachara, J. (1977). Direct evidence of particle migration in the soil solution of a Podzol. Science, 198:603–605.
Ugolini, F. C., Dahlgren, R. A., Shoji, S. and Ito, T. (1988). Andosolization and podzolization as revealed by soil solution studies, South-Hakkoda, Northeastern Japan. Soil Science, 145:111–25.
UN-ECE (1998). Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution. Protocol on Heavy Metals. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. www.unece.org/env/lrtap/welcome.html [verified on 21 December 2005].
United States Geological Survey (1995). Chesapeake Bay: Measuring Pollution Reduction. www.water.usgs.gov/wid/html/chesbay.html [verified on 15 May 2005].
U.S. Census Bureau (2005a). Historical Estimates of World Population. www.census.gov/ipc/www/worldhis.html [verified on 24 March 2006].
U.S. Census Bureau (2005b). Total Midyear Population for the World: 1950–2050. www.census.gov/ipc/www/worldpop.html [verified on 24 March 2006].
Akker, J. J. H., Arviddsson, J. and Horn, R. (2003). Introduction to the special issue on experiences with the impact and prevention of subsoil compaction in the European Union. Soil and Tillage Research, 73:1–8.
Van, Straalen N. M. and Verhoef, H. A. (1997). The development of bioindicator system for soil acidity based on arthropod pH preferences. Journal of Applied Ecology, 34:217–32.
Vegter, J. J., Bie, P. and Dop, H. (1988). Distributional ecology of forest floor Collembola (Entomobryidae) in the Netherlands. Pedobiologia, 31:65–73.
Veldkamp, A. and Lambin, E. (2001). Predicting land-use change. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 85:1–292.
Vepraskas, M. J. (1988). Bulk density values diagnostic of restricted root growth in coarse textured soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 52:1117–21.
Vepraskas, M. J. (2001). Morphological features of seasonally reduced soils. In Richardson, J. L. and Vepraskas, M. J. (eds.) Wetland Soils: Genesis, Hydrology, Landscapes, and Classification, pp. 163–82. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
Vitousek, P. M. (2004). Nutrient Cycling and Limitation. Hawai'i as a Model System.Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Vitousek, P. M., Mooney, H. A., Lubchenco, J. and Mellilo, J. M. (1997a). Human domination of Earth's ecosystems. Science, 277:494–9.
Vitousek, P. M., Aber, J., Howarth, R. W.et al. (1997b). Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: causes and consequences. Ecological Applications, 7:737–50.
Volkoff, B., Melfi, A. J. and Cerri, C. C. (1979). Les sols sur roches cristallines formés sous climat sub-tropical humide au Brésil. Cahiers ORSTOM, Pedologie, 17:163–83.
Wada, K., Kakuto, Y., Wilson, M. A. and Hanna, J. V. (1991). The chemical composition and structure of a 14 Å intergradient mineral in a Korean Ultisol. Clay Minerals, 26:449–61.
Wagner, D., Pfeiffer, E. -M. and Bock, E. (1999). Methane production in aerated marshland and model soils: effects of microflora and soil texture. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31:999–1006.
Wardle, D. A., Bardgett, R. D., Klironomos, J. N.et al. (2004). Ecological linkages between aboveground and belowground biota. Science, 304:1629–33.
Warscheid, Th., Oelting, M. and Krumbein, W. E. (1991). Physico-chemical aspects of biodeterioration processes on rocks with special regard to organic pollutants. International Biodeterioration, 28:37–48.
Watanabe, T., Sawada, Y., Russell, J. D., McHardy, W. J. and Wilson, M. J. (1992). The conversion of montmorillonite to interstratified halloysite-smectite by weathering in the Omi acid clay deposit. Clay Minerals, 27:159–73.
Wauthy, G., Mundon-Izay, N. and Dufrene, M. (1989). Geographic ecology of soil oribatid mites in deciduous forest. Pedobiologia, 33:399–416.
Weaver, C. E. (1989). Clays, Muds and Shales. Developments in Sedimentology 44. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Wedepohl, K. H. (ed.) (1978). Handbook of Geochemistry. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
Weitkamp, W. A., Graham, R. C., Anderson, M. A. and Amrhein, C. (1996). Pedogenesis of a vernal pool Entisol-Alfisol-Vertisol catena in southern California. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 60:316–23.
Wenzel, W. W., Sletten, R. S., Brandstetter, A., Wieshammer, A. and Stingeder, G. (1997). Adsorption of trace metals by tension lysimeters: nylon membrane vs. porous ceramic cup. Journal of Environmental Quality, 26:1430–4.
White, G. N. and Dixon, J. B. (2002). Kaolin-Serpentine minerals. In Dixon, J. B. and Schulze, D. G. (eds.) Soil Mineralogy with Environmental Applications, pp. 389–414. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.
Whittaker, R. H. (1967). Gradient analysis of vegetation. Biological Reviews, 42:207–64.
Williams, E. G. (1959). Influence of parent materials and drainage conditions on soil phosphorus relationships. Agrochimica, 3:279–309.
Wilson, M. J. (1976). Exchange properties and mineralogy of some soils derived from lavas of Lower Old Red Sandstone (Devonian) age.II: Mineralogy. Geoderma, 15:289–304.
Wilson, M. J. and Logan, J. (1976). Exchange properties and mineralogy of some soils derived from lavas of Lower Old Red Sandstone (Devonian) age. I: Exchangeable cations. Geoderma, 15:273–88.
Winteringham, F. P. W. (1989). Radioactive fallout in soils, crops and food. FAO Soils Bulletin 61.Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Wipf, S., Rixen, C., Fisher, M., Schmid, B. and Stoeckli, V. (2005). Effects of ski piste preparation on alpine vegetation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 42:306–16.
Wolt, J. (1994). Soil Solution Chemistry: Applications to Environmental Science and Agriculture.New York: John Wiley.
Wood, Y. A., Graham, R. C. and Wells, S. G. (2005). Surface control of desert pavement pedologic process and landscape function, Cima Volcanic Field. Catena, 59:205–30.
World Watch (1994). Back on Track: The Global Rail Revival. Worldwatch Paper 118. Washington, DC: WorldWatch.
Wosten, J. H. M., Pachepsky, Ya. A. and Rawls, W. J. (2001). Pedotransfer functions: bridging the gap between available basic soil data and missing soil hydraulic characteristics. Journal of Hydrology, 251:123–50. www.nwqmc.org/98proceedings/Papers/63-NOLAN.htm [verified on 15 May 2005].
WRF (2000). World Resources 2000–2001. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
Yaalon, D. H. and Berkowicz, S. (eds.) (1997). History of Soil Science: International Perspectives. Advances in Geoecology 29. Reiskirchen: Catena Verlag.
Yang, S. Y. N., Connell, D. W., and Hawker, D. W. and Kayal, S. I. (1991). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air, soil and vegetation in the vicinity of an urban roadway. The Science of the Total Environment, 102:229–40.
Zabowski, D. and Ugolini, F. C. (1990). Lysimeter and centrifuge soil solutions: seasonal differences between methods. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 54:1130–5.
Zabowski, D. and Ugolini, F. C. (1992). Seasonality in the mineral stability of a subalpine Spodosol. Soil Science, 154:497–507.
Zimmer, M. and Topp, W. (1998). Microorganisms and cellulose digestion in the gut of the woodlouse Porcellio scaber. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 24:1397–408.