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8 - Social comparison and group-based emotions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

By
Vincent Yzerbyt ,
Muriel Dumont ,
Bernard Mathieu ,
Ernestine Gordijn  and
Daniel Wigboldus
Edited by
Serge Guimond
Vincent Yzerbyt
Affiliation:
Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium
Muriel Dumont
Affiliation:
Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium
Bernard Mathieu
Affiliation:
Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
Ernestine Gordijn
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands
Daniel Wigboldus
Affiliation:
Department of Social Psychology Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen Netherlands
Serge Guimond
Affiliation:
Université de Clermont-Ferrand II (Université Blaise Pascal), France
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Summary

Social comparison is a core element of human life (Festinger, 1954; Mussweiler, 2003; Tajfel, 1981; for a collection, see Suls and Wheeler, 2000). This is because comparing oneself to others is the most favored way people use to evaluate themselves. People choose to compare themselves to others with a variety of goals in mind. Obviously, a major concern would be informational: people like to know where they stand in terms of what they think, feel, or do. Are they simply normal or do they happen to be outrageously below or above widely popular standards? Often, people also rely on social comparison to motivate themselves. If getting a kick out of the comparison is the main goal of the comparison then the comparison target is likely to be some person or some group that fares slightly better. Finally, there could also be an explicit attempt at self-enhancement. By finding comparison others who are sufficiently similar yet also somewhat less knowledgeable, strong or likeable than themselves, people make sure that they will come out of the comparison with a feeling of psychological comfort. In short, people's self-knowledge, motivation, and self-esteem crucially hang on the outcome of dozens of daily comparison operations.

Although initially used in interpersonal theory contexts, the social comparison process also comes across as a major player in an impressive series of social psychology theories that focus on intergroup relations.

Type
Chapter
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Social Comparison and Social Psychology
Understanding Cognition, Intergroup Relations, and Culture
 , pp. 174 - 205
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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  • Social comparison and group-based emotions
    • By Vincent Yzerbyt, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, Muriel Dumont, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, Bernard Mathieu, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium, Ernestine Gordijn, Department of Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands, Daniel Wigboldus, Department of Social Psychology Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen Netherlands
  • Edited by Serge Guimond, Université de Clermont-Ferrand II (Université Blaise Pascal), France
  • Book: Social Comparison and Social Psychology
  • Online publication: 27 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511584329.010
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  • Social comparison and group-based emotions
    • By Vincent Yzerbyt, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, Muriel Dumont, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, Bernard Mathieu, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium, Ernestine Gordijn, Department of Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands, Daniel Wigboldus, Department of Social Psychology Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen Netherlands
  • Edited by Serge Guimond, Université de Clermont-Ferrand II (Université Blaise Pascal), France
  • Book: Social Comparison and Social Psychology
  • Online publication: 27 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511584329.010
Available formats
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  • Social comparison and group-based emotions
    • By Vincent Yzerbyt, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, Muriel Dumont, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Belgium, Bernard Mathieu, Catholic University of Louvain Department of Psychology Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium, Ernestine Gordijn, Department of Psychology University of Groningen Netherlands, Daniel Wigboldus, Department of Social Psychology Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen Netherlands
  • Edited by Serge Guimond, Université de Clermont-Ferrand II (Université Blaise Pascal), France
  • Book: Social Comparison and Social Psychology
  • Online publication: 27 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511584329.010
Available formats
×