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Chapter Six - The microbiome and host behaviour

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 March 2020

By
Anne Lizé  and
Zenobia Lewis
Edited by
Rachael E. Antwis ,
Xavier A. Harrison  and
Michael J. Cox
Rachael E. Antwis
Affiliation:
University of Salford
Xavier A. Harrison
Affiliation:
University of Exeter
Michael J. Cox
Affiliation:
University of Birmingham
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Summary

The potential for microorganisms to affect host behaviour has been recognised for decades, particularly with respect to parasites, but research into the wider influence of microorganisms on host behaviour and communication is now also gaining more interest. Microbial communities and associated metabolites can affect satiation, cravings and dysphoria that can influence feeding behaviour and nutrient acquisition. Microbial communities can also synthesise hormones that are analogous in structure and function to those produced by the host, as well as degrade or metabolise host-derived hormones. This can affect host mood and stress, as well as reproductive behaviours and fecundity. The gut microbiome also plays a key role in normal cognitive development of mammals, including aspects such as learning and memory. Furthermore, microbial metabolites are critical for scent communication, such as pheromone production, across many different species, and may also play a role in pollinator attraction by plants. However, the literature is largely biased towards mammals, and in many cases the mechanisms underlying microorganism-induced host behavioural changes still need identifying.

Keywords

cognitioncommunicationforaginghormoneslearningmemorymovementreproductionsocial interactionsstress
Type
Chapter
Information
Microbiomes of Soils, Plants and Animals
An Integrated Approach
 , pp. 98 - 121
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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