Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 59
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
July 2009
Print publication year:
2006
Online ISBN:
9780511496387

Book description

The reign of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian (527–65) stands out in late Roman and medieval history. Justinian re-conquered far-flung territories from the barbarians, overhauled the Empire's administrative framework and codified for posterity the inherited tradition of Roman law. This work represents a modern study in English of the social and economic history of the Eastern Roman Empire in the reign of the Emperor Justinian. Drawing upon papyrological, numismatic, legal, literary and archaeological evidence, the study seeks to reconstruct the emergent nature of relations between landowners and peasants, and aristocrats and emperors in the late antique Eastern Empire. It provides a social and economic context in which to situate the Emperor Justinian's mid-sixth-century reform programme, and questions the implications of the Eastern Empire's pattern of social and economic development under Justinian for its subsequent, post-Justinianic history.

Reviews

'This excellent book is the first - and much needed - English discussion devoted solely to the economic and social history of the Roman Empire in the reign of Justinian … This important book deserves a wide audience. Scholars of late antiquity will find it essential reading, as will economic historians of the Mediterranean region, especially medievalists who have an interest in the development of economic structures and their social consequences at the end of antiquity.'

Source: The American Historical Review

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

  • 1 - Egypt and the political economy of empire
    pp 10-28
Bibliography
LEGAL SOURCES
Basilicorum Libri LX Series B Volumen IX – Scholia in Librum LX 17–69. Ed. Scheltema, H. J., Holwerda, D., and Wal, N.. Groningen. 1985.
Codex Theodosianus. Ed. Mommsen, Th.. 2 vols., Berlin. 1905 (volume I, part I, 73–154, Novellae Divi Valentiniani).
Corpus Iuris Civilis: Institutiones, Digesta. Ed. P. Krüger and Th. Mommsen. 16th edn. Berlin. 1928; Codex Iustinianus. Ed. P. Krüger. 11th edn. Berlin. 1929; Novellae. Ed. R. Schöll and G. Kroll. 6th edn. Berlin. 1928.
Leges Visigothorum (M.G.H. Leges I). Ed. Zeumer, C.. Hanover. 1902.
Other printed primary sources
Agapetus, Ekthesis. Expositio capitum admonitorium. Ed. Migne, J. P.. PG 86.1, 1163–86. Paris. 1867.
Agathias, Agathiae Myrinaei Historiarum libri quinque. Ed. Keydell, R., Histories. Trans. J. D. Frendo. Berlin. 1975.
Ammianus Marcellinus, Rerum Gestarum libri quinque. Ed. Keydell, R., Histories. Trans. J. D. Frendo. Berlin. 1975.
Anonymous, De Rebus Bellicis in A Roman Reformer and Inventor, Being a New Text of the Treatise “De Rebus Bellicis” with a Translation and Introduction. Thomson, E. A.. Oxford. 1952.
Anthologia Graeca (The Greek Anthology). Trans. W. Paton. 5 vols. London. 1916–18.
Antoninus Placentinus, Itinerarium Antonini Placentini – un viaggio in terra Santa del 560–570 d. C. Ed., trans., and comm. Milani, C.. Rome. 1977.
Biblical Commentaries from the Canterbury School of Theodore and Hadrian. Ed. and trans. Bischoff, B. and Lapidge, M.. Cambridge. 1994.
John Cecaumenos, Strategica. Ed. Litavrin, G. G.. St Petersburg. 2003.
Chronicon Paschale. Ed. Dindorf, L.. CHSB. 2 vols. Bonn. 1882. Trans. M. Whitby and M. Whitby. Liverpool. 1989.
John Chrysostom, Ioannis Chrysostomi Archiepiscopi Constantinopolitani Homiliae in Matthaeum. Ed. Field, F.. 3 vols. Cambridge. 1839.
Conciliorum Oecumenicorum Decreta. Ed. Albergio, J.Joannou, P. P.Leonardi, C., and Prodi, P.. 2 vols. Freiburg. 1973.
Flavius Cresconius Corippus, In Laudem Iustini Minoris Libri Quattuor. Ed., trans., and comm. Cameron, Averil. London. 1976.
Cosmas Indicopleustes, La topographie chrétienne de Cosmas Indicopleuste. Ed., trans., and comm. Wolska-Conus, W.. 3 vols. Paris. 1968–73.
Miracula Sancti Demetrii. Les plus anciens recueils des miracles de S. Demetrius I: le texte. Ed., trans., and comm. Lemerle, P.. Paris. 1979.
Doctrina Iacobi nuper baptisati. Ed. and trans. Dérouche, V., Travaux et Mémoires 11 (1991) 69–219.
John of Ephesus, The Third Part of the Ecclesiastical History of John Bishop of Ephesus. Trans. R. Payne Smith. Oxford. 1860.
Evagrius Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History. Ed. Bidez, J. and Parmentier, L.. London. 1898. Trans. M. Whitby, The Ecclesiastical History of Evagrius Scholasticus. Liverpool. 2000.
Expositio Totius Mundi et Gentium. Ed. Sainton, P., London. 1972.
Isidore of Pelusium, Isidore de Péluse: Lettres. vol. I. Ed. Evieux, P.. Paris. 1997.
Les listes de préséance Byzantines. Ed. and trans. Oikonomides, N.. Paris. 1972.
Libanius, Selected Works. 2 vols. Ed. and trans. Norman, A. F.. Cambridge, Mass. 1987.
John Lydus, De Magistratibus populi Romani libri tres. Ed. Wünsch, R.. Leipzig. 1903. English translation: On Powers, or, The Magistracies of the Roman State. Ed., trans., and comm. Bandy, A. C.. Philadelphia. 1983.
John Malalas, Ioannis Malalae Chronographia. Ed. Thurn, J., Berlin. 2000. Trans. E. Jeffreys, M. Jeffreys, and R. Scott. Melbourne. 1986.
Marcellinus Comes, Chronicle. Ed. Mommsen, Th.. Berlin. 1894. Trans. B. Croke. Sydney. 1995.
Mark the Deacon, Marc le Diacre: Vie de Porphyre Evêque de Gaza. Ed., trans., and comm. Grégoire, H. and Kugener, M.-A.. Paris. 1930.
Menander Protector, The History of Menander the Guardsman. Trans. Blockley, R. C.. Liverpool. 1985.
John of Nikiu, The Chronicle of John, Bishop of Nikiu. Trans. Charles, R. H.. London. 1916.
The Oracle of Baalbek. Ed. and trans. Alexander, P. J.. Washington D.C. 1967.
Procopius, Procopii Caesariensis opera omnia. 4 vols. Ed. Haury, J. and Leipzig, G. Wirth. 1962–4. Trans. H. B. Dewing and G. Downey, Buildings, History of the Wars, Secret History (Anecdota).Cambridge, Mass. 1914–40.
Sebeos, The Armenian History Attributed to Sebeos. Trans. and comm. Thomson, R. W. and Howard-Johnston, J. D.. 2 vols., Liverpool. 1999.
La vie ancienne de S. Syméon stylite le Jeune (521–92). 2 vols. Ed., trans., and comm. Ven, P.. Brussels. 1982.
Themistius, Orationes quae supersunt. Ed. Schenkl, H.Downey, G. and Norman, A. F.. 3 vols. Leipzig. 1965–74.
Theodore Anagnostes, Theodoros Anagnostes: Kirchengeschichte. Ed. Hansen, G. C.. Berlin. 1971.
La vie de Théodore de Sykeon. Ed., trans., and comm. Festugière, A.-J.. Paris. 1930.
Theophanes, Theophanis Chronographia. Ed. Classen, J.. 2 vols. Bonn. 1889. English translation: The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor. Trans. and comm. Mango, C. and Scott, R.. Oxford. 1997.
Theophylact Simocatta, History. Ed. Boor, C. and Wirth, P.Stuttgart. 1972. Trans. M. Whitby and M. Whitby, The History of Theophylact Simocatta. Oxford. 1985.
SECONDARY LITERATURE
Akerstrom-Hougen, , G. (1974) The Calendar and Hunting Mosaics of the Villa of the Falconer in Argos: a Study in Early Byzantine Iconography. Stockholm.
Alcock, S . (1993) Graecia Capta: the Landscapes of Roman Greece. Cambridge.
Allen, P. (1979) ‘The Justinianic Plague’, Byzantion 49: 5–20.
Alston, R. (2002) The City in Roman and Byzantine Egypt. London.
Amory, P . (1997) People and Identity in Ostrogothic Italy. Cambridge.
Annick., M. (1996) Athanase d'Alexandrie et l'église d'Egypte au IVe siècle (328–373). Rome.
Bagnall, R. S. (1992) ‘Landholding in Late Roman Egypt: the Distribution of Wealth’, JRS 82: 128–49.
Bagnall, R. S. (1993) Egypt in Late Antiquity. Princeton.
Bagnall, R. S. and Frier, B. (1994) The Demography of Roman Egypt. Cambridge.
Bagnall, R. S. and Rathbone, D . (2004) Egypt from Alexander to the Copts: an Archaeological and Historical Guide. London.
Baldwin, B. (1984) ‘Dioscorus of Aphrodito: the Worst Poet of Antiquity?’, in Atti del XVII Congresso Internazionale di Papirologia. 3 vols. Naples: vol. III, 327–31.
Banaji, J. (1997) ‘Modernizing the Historiography of Rural Labour: an Unwritten Agenda’, in Companion to Historiography, ed. Bentley, M.. London: 88–102.
Banaji, J. (1999) ‘Agrarian History and the Labour Organisation of Byzantine Large Estates’, in Agriculture in Egypt from Pharaonic to Modern Times, ed. Bowman, A. K. and Rogan, E.. Oxford: 193–216.
Banaji, J. (2000) ‘State and Aristocracy in the Economic Evolution of the Late Empire’, in Production and Public Powers in Late Antiquity, ed. Cascio, E. Lo and Rathbone, D.. Cambridge Philological Society Supplementary Volume 26. Cambridge: 92–8.
Banaji, J. (2001) Agrarian Change in Late Antiquity: Gold, Labour and Aristocratic Dominance. Oxford.
Barns, J. (1964) ‘Shenoute as a Historical Source’, Actes du Xe Congrès International de Papyrologues. Warsaw: 151–9.
Bean, J. W. (1989) From Lord to Patron. Manchester.
Beauchamp, J. (2001) ‘Apion et Praejecta: hypothèses anciennes et nouvelles données’, Revue des Etudes Byzantines 59: 165–78.
Bell, H. I. (1910) Greek Papyri in the British Museum, vol. IV: The Aphrodito Papyri. London.
Bell, H. I. (1917) ‘The Byzantine Servile State in Egypt’, JEA 4: 86–106.
Bell, H. I. (1923) ‘Un document nouveau d'Aphrodito’, Aegyptus 4: 43–8.
Bell, H. I. (1944) ‘An Egyptian Village in the Age of Justinian’, JHS 64: 21–36.
Bellinger, A. R. (1966) Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collections and in the Whittemore Collection. vol. I. Washington D.C.
Birks, P. and McLeod, G. (1987) Justinian's Institutes – Translated with an Introduction. London.
Borkowski, A . (1994) Textbook on Roman Law. London.
Boswell, J. (1980) Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality: Gay People in Western Europe from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Fourteenth Century. Chicago.
Boswell, J. (1995) The Marriage of Likeness: Same-sex Unions in Pre-Modern Europe. London.
Bowman, A. K. (1971) The Town Councils of Roman Egypt. Toronto.
Bowman, A. K. (1985) ‘Landholding in the Hermopolite Nome in the Fourth Century AD’, JRS 75: 137–63.
Bowman, A. K. (1990) Egypt after the Pharaohs. 2nd edn. London.
Bowman, A. K. and Rathbone, D. (1992) ‘Cities and Administration in Roman Egypt’, JRS 82: 107–27.
Brass, T. (2005) ‘Late Antiquity as Early Capitalism?’, Journal of Peasant Studies 32: 118–50.
Braudel, F. (1949) La Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l'époque de Philippe II. Paris.
Brenk, B. (2004) ‘Monasteries as Rural Settlements: Patron-Dependence or Self-Sufficiency?’, in Late Antique Archaeology, vol. II: Recent Research on the Late Antique Countryside, ed. Bowden, W.Lavan, L., and Machado, C.. Leiden: 447–76.
Brenner, R. (1976) ‘Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre-Industrial Europe’, P&P 70: 30–75.
Brock, S. (1981) ‘The Conversations with the Syrian Orthodox under Justinian (532)’, Orientalia Christiana Periodica 47: 87–121.
Brown, P. R. L. (1967) ‘The Later Roman Empire’, Economic Historical Review 56: 327–43.
Brown, P. R. L. (1971a) The World of Late Antiquity. London.
Brown, P. R. L. (1971b) ‘The Rise and Function of the Holy Man in Late Antiquity’, JRS 61: 80–101. Reprinted in Brown (1982): 103–52.
Brown, P. R. L. (1976) ‘Town, Village and Holy Man: the Case of Syria’, in Assimilation et résistance à la culture gréco-romaine dans le monde ancien, ed. Pippidi. Bucharest, D. M.. Reprinted in Brown (1982): 153–65.
Brown, P. R. L. (1982) Society and the Holy in Late Antiquity. Berkeley.
Brown, P. R. L. (1988) Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity. Madison.
Brown, P. R. L. (1997) ‘The World of Late Antiquity Revisited’, Symbolae Osloenses 72: 5–90.
Brown, P. R. L. (2000) ‘Holy Men’, in The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIV: Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, ed. Averil Cameron, Ward-Perkins, B., and Whitby, M.. Cambridge: 781–810.
Cameron, Alan. (1965) ‘Wandering Poets: a Literary Movement in Byzantine Egypt’, Historia 14: 470–509.
Cameron, Alan . (1977) ‘Some Prefects Called Julian’, Byzantion 47: 42–64.
Cameron, Alan . (1978) ‘The House of Anastasius’, GRBS 19: 259–76.
Cameron, Averil . (ed.) (1976) Flavius Cresconius Corippus, In Laudem Iustini Minoris Libri Quattuor, with trans. and comm. Oxford.
Cameron, Averil . (ed.) (1979) ‘A Nativity Poem from the Sixth Century AD’, Classical Philology 79: 222–32.
Cameron, Averil . (ed.) (1981) ‘Images of Authority: Elites and Icons in Late Sixth-Century Byzantium’, in Byzantium and the Classical Tradition, ed. Mullett, M. and Scott., R.Birmingham: 205–34.
Cameron, Averil . (ed.) (1985) Procopius and the Sixth Century. London.
Carr, E. H. (1961) What Is History? London.
Carrié, J.-M. (1982) ‘Le colonat du Bas-Empire: un mythe historiographique?’, Opus 1: 351–70.
Carrié, J.-M. (1983) ‘Un roman des origines: les généalogies du colonat du Bas-Empire’, Opus 2: 205–51.
Carrié, J.-M. (1997) ‘Colonato del Basso Impero: la resistenza del mito’, in Terre, proprietari e contadini dell'impero romano: Dall'affitto agrario al colonato tardoantico, ed. Cascio, E. Lo. Rome: 75–150.
Chavarria, A. and Lewit, T. (2004) ‘Archaeological Research on the Late Antique Countryside: a Bibliographic Essay’, in Late Antique Archaeology, vol. II: Recent Research on the Late Antique Countryside, ed. Bowden, W., Lavan, L., and Machado, C.. Leiden: 3–51.
Collins, R. (1991) Early Medieval Europe. London.
Croke, B. (1983) ‘ad 476: the Manufacture of a Turning Point’, Chiron 13: 81–119.
Crone, P. (1987) Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam. Oxford.
Dagron, G. (1979) ‘Entre village et cité la bourgade rurale des IVe–VIIe siècles en Orient’, Koinonia 3: 29–52.
Dagron, G. (1996) Empereur et prêtre: étude sur le ‘césaropapisme’ byzantin. Paris.
Dagron, G. and Rouge, J. (1982) ‘Trois horoscopes de voyages en mer (5e siècle après J.C.)’, Revue des Etudes Byzantines 40: 117–33.
Dar, S. (2003): Raqit: Marinus' Estate on the Carmel, Israel. Jerusalem. (In Hebrew.)
Davis, J. (1992) Exchange. Buckingham.
Decker, M. (2001) ‘Food for an Empire: Wine and Oil Production in North Syria’, in Economy and Exchange in the East Mediterranean during Late Antiquity, ed. Kingsley, S. and Decker, M.. Oxford: 69–86.
Delbrück, H. (1902) Geschichte der Kriegskunst. 2 vols. Berlin.
Dijkstra, J. H. F. (2004) ‘A Cult of Isis at Philae after Justinian? Reconsidering P. Cairo Masp. I 67004’, ZPE 146: 137–54.
Donceel-Voute, P. (1993) ‘La villa rustica de Qumram dans la vallée du Jourdan et le coenaculum méditerranéen’, in Acts of the XIV International Congress of Classical Archaeology. Tarragona: 126–7.
Drew-Bear, M. (1979) ‘Le Nome Hermopolite’, American Studies in Papyrology 21.
Durliat, J. (1990a) De la ville antique à la ville Byzantine. Rome.
Durliat, J. (1990b) Les finances publiques de Dioclétien aux Carolingiens (284–889). Sigmaringen.
Durliat, J. (1998) ‘Les conditions du commerce au VIe siècle’, in The Sixth Century: Production, Distribution and Exchange, ed. Hodges, R. and Bowden, W.. Leiden: 89–117.
Dvornik, F. (1966) Early Christian and Byzantine Political Philosophy: Origins and Background. 2 vols. Washington D.C.
Dyer, G. (1997) Class, State and Agricultural Productivity in Egypt: Study of the Inverse Relationship Between Farm Size and Land Productivity. London.
Edwards, R. (1989) ‘The Domed Mausoleum at Akkale in Cilicia’, Byzantinoslavica 50: 46–56.
Evans, J. A. S. (1996) The Age of Justinian: the Circumstances of Imperial Power. London.
Eyice, S. (1981) ‘Silifke ve sevresinde inçememler: Elaiussa-Sebaste Yakinunda Akkale’, in VIII Türk Tarih Kongressi, vol. II. Ankara: 865–86.
Faith, R. (1997) The English Peasantry and the Growth of Lordship. London.
Feissel, D. (1991) ‘Noms de villages de Syrie du nord: éléments grecs et sémitiques’, in Ο Eλληνισμός Στήν Aνατολή. Athens: 287–302.
Feissel, D. and Kaygusuz, I. (1985) ‘Un mandement impérial du VIe siècle dans une inscription d'Hadrianoupolis d'Honoriade’, Travaux et Mémoires 9: 397–415.
Fikhman, I. F. (1976) Okhsirinkh – gorod papirusov. Moscow and Leningrad.
Fikhman, I. F. (1984) ‘Pripisnye Kolony (adscripticii-enapography) po dannym papirusov’, in Problemy Sotsial'nykh Otnosheniji i Form Zavisimosti na Drevnem Vostoke. Moscow: 166–266.
Fikhman, I. F. (1990) ‘De nouveau sur le colonat du Bas Empire’, Papyrologica Florentina 19: 159–79.
Finley, M. I. (1985) The Ancient Economy. 2nd edn. London.
Foss, C. (1995) ‘The Near Eastern Countryside in Late Antiquity’, JRS Supp. Ser. 14: 213–34.
Foss, C. (1997) ‘Syria in Transition, ad 550–750: an Archaeological Approach’, DOP 51: 189–269.
Foss, C. (2001) ‘Late Antique Antioch’, in Antioch: the Lost Ancient City, ed. Kondoleon, C.. Cleveland: 23–8.
Foss, C. (2002) ‘Life in Town and Country’, in The Oxford History of Byzantium, ed. Mango, C.. Oxford: 71–95.
Fournet, J.-L. (1999) Hellénisme dans l'Egypte du sixième siècle: la bibliothèque et l'œuvre de Dioscore d'Aphrodito. 2 vols. Cairo.
Fowden, G. (1993) Empire to Commonwealth: Consequences of Monotheism in Late Antiquity. Princeton.
Frend, W. H. C. (1972) The Rise of the Monophysite Movement. Cambridge.
Gagos, T. and Minnen, P. (1994) Settling a Dispute: Toward a Legal Anthropology of Late Antique Egypt. Michigan.
Garnsey, P. (1996) Ideas of Slavery from Aristotle to Augustine. Cambridge.
Gascou, J. (1972) ‘Notes critiques sur quelques papyrus des Ve et VIe s.’, Chronique d'Egypte: 243–53.
Gascou, J. (1976) ‘L'institution des beccellaires’, BIAO 76: 144–56.
Gascou, J. (1985) ‘Les grands domaines, la cité et l’état en Egypte byzantine', Travaux et Mémoires 9: 1–90.
Gascou, J. (1995) Un codex fiscal Hermopolite (P.Sorb. II 69). Brussels.
Gascou, J. and Worp, K. (1990) ‘Un dossier d'ostraca du VIe s.: les archives des huilliers d'Aphrodito’, Papyrologica Florentina 19: 217–44.
Gautier, P.-L. (1994) ‘Villages du Proche-Orient protobyzantin (4ème-7ème siècles): études régionales’, in The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, vol. II: Land Use and Settlement Patterns, ed. King, G. R. D. and Cameron, Averil. Princeton: 17–48.
Gelzer, M. (1909) Studien zur byzantinischen Verwaltung Ägyptens. Leipzig.
Geremek, H. (1981) ‘Les politeuomenoi égyptiens sont-ils identiques aux bouleutai?’, Anagenesis 1: 231–47.
Geremek, H. (1990) ‘Sur la question des boulai dans les villes égyptiennes aux VIe–VIIe s.’, JJP 20: 47–54.
Ghosh, N. C. and Ismael, K. (1980) ‘Two Foreign Gold Coins from Excavations at Kudavalli, District Mhabubnagar’, Journal of the Numismatic Society of India 42: 11–17.
Giardina, A. (1999) ‘L'esplosione di tardoantico’, Studi Storici 40: 157–80.
Gilsenan, M. (1996) Lords of the Lebanese Marches: Violence and Narrative in an Arab Society. London.
Goffart, W. (1971)‘Zosimus: the First Historian of Rome's Fall’, reprinted in Goffart (1989).
Goffart, W. (1989) Rome's Fall and After. London.
Gonis, N. (2002) ‘Studies in the Aristocracy of Late Antique Oxyrhynchus’, Tyche 17: 86–97.
Gonis, N. (2004) ‘P. Bingen 135 and Flavius Apion I’, ZPE 46: 175–8.
Goodman, J. (1997) ‘History and Anthropology’, in Companion to Historiography, ed. Bentley, M.. London: 783–804.
Gray, P. T. R. (2005) ‘The Legacy of Chalcedon: Christological Problems and Their Significance’, in The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian, ed. Maas, M.. Cambridge: 215–38.
Greatrex, G. (1994) ‘The Date of Procopius’ Works', Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 18: 101–14.
Greatrex, G. (1997) ‘The Nika Riot: a Reassessment’, JHS 117: 60–86.
Greatrex, G. (1998) Rome and Persia at War 502–532. Leeds.
Greatrex, G. (2000) ‘Roman Identity in the Sixth Century’, in Ethnicity and Culture in Late Antiquity, ed. Mitchell, S. and Greatrex, G.. Swansea: 267–92.
Greatrex, G. (2001) ‘Lawyers and Historians in Late Antiquity’, in Law, Society, and Authority in Late Antiquity, ed. Mathisen, R. W.. Oxford: 148–61.
Greatrex, G. and Lieu, S. (2002) The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars – Part II: ad 363–630. London.
Grenfell, B. P. (1897) ‘Oxyrhynchus and Its Papyri’, in Archaeological Reports 1896–7 – Comprising the Work of the Egypt Exploration Fund and the Progress of Egyptology During the Year 1896–7, ed. Griffith, F. L. London: 1–12.
Gutenbrunner, S. (1976) Von Hildebrand und Hadubrand: Lied-Sage-Mythos. Heidelberg.
Haas, C. (1997) Alexandria in Late Antiquity: Topography and Social Conflict. Baltimore.
Haas, C. (2001) ‘Alexandria and the Mareotis Region’, in Urban Centres and Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity, ed. Burns, T. S. and Eadie, J. W.. East Lansing: 47–62.
Haldon, J. F. (1990) Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge.
Haldon, J. F. (1993) The State and the Tributary Mode of Production. London.
Haldon, J. F. (2005) ‘Economy and Administration: How Did the Empire Work?’, in The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian, ed. M. Maas. Cambridge: 28–59.
Hardy, E. R. (1931) The Large Estates of Byzantine Egypt. New York.
Harris, A. (2003) Byzantium, Britain and the West: the Archaeology of Cultural Identity ad 400–650. Stroud.
Hayward, P. (1999) ‘Demystifying the Role of Sanctity in Western Christendom’, in The Cult of the Saints in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages: Essays on the Contribution of Peter Brown, ed. Hayward, P. A. and Howard-Johnston, J. D.. Oxford: 115–42.
Heather, P. (1994) ‘New Men for New Constantines? Creating an Imperial Elite in the Eastern Mediterranean’, in New Constantines, ed. Magdalino, P.. Aldershot: 11–44.
Hendy, M. (1972) ‘Light-Weight Solidi, Tetartera, and the Book of the Prefect’, Byzantinische Zeitschrift 65: 57–80.
Hendy, M. (1985) Studies in the Byzantine Monetary Economy. Cambridge.
Hickey, T. (2001) ‘A “Public” House but Closed: Fiscal Participation and Economic Decision Making on the Oxyrhynchite Estates of the Flavii Apiones’. Ph.D. diss. University of Chicago.
Hilton, R. H. (1975) The English Peasantry in the Later Middle Ages. Oxford.
Hilton, R. H. (1976) The Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism. London.
Hirschfeld, Y. (1997) ‘Farms and Villages in Byzantine Palestine’, DOP 51: 31–71.
Hirschfeld, Y. (1998) ‘Early Byzantine Manor Houses in Judea and the Site of Khirbet Qumram’, JNES 57: 161–8.
Hirschfeld, Y. and Birger, D. (1991) ‘Early Roman and Byzantine Estates Near Caesarea’, IEJ 41: 81–111.
Holum, K. G. (2005) ‘The Classical City in the Sixth Century’, in The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian, ed. Maas, M.. Cambridge: 87–112.
Honoré, A. M. (1978) Tribonian. London.
Honoré, A. M. (1998) Law and the Crisis of Empire. Oxford.
Horden, P. (2005) ‘Mediterranean Plague in the Age of Justinian’, in The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian, ed. Maas, M.. Cambridge: 134–60.
Horden, P. and Purcell, N. (2000) The Corrupting Sea: a Study of Mediterranean History. Oxford.
Howard-Johnston, J. D. (1995) ‘The Two Great Powers in Late Antiquity: a Comparison’, in The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, vol. III: States, Resources and Armies, ed. Cameron, Averil. Princeton: 157–226.
Howard-Johnston, J. D. (1999) ‘Heraclius’ Persian Campaigns and the Revival of the East Roman Empire', War in History 6: 1–44.
Humfress, C. (2005) ‘Law and Legal Practice in the Age of Justinian’, in The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian, ed. Maas, M.. Cambridge: 161–84.
Janin, R. (1964) Constantinople Byzantine. Paris.
Johnson, A. C. and West, L. C. (1944) Currency in Roman and Byzantine Egypt. Princeton.
Johnson, A. C. and West, L. C. (1949) Byzantine Egypt: Economic Studies. Princeton.
Johnston, D. (1988) The Roman Law of Trusts. Oxford.
Jones, A. H. M. (1964) The Later Roman Empire (3 vols. + maps). Oxford.
Jones, A. H. M., Martindale, J. R. and Morris, J. (1971) The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. I: ad 260–395. Cambridge.
Jones, R. H. (1994) ‘Accounting in English Local Government from the Middle Ages to c. 1835’, in Accounting in History: Some British Contributions, ed. Parker, R. H. and Yamey, B. S.. Oxford: 377–403.
Jördens, A. (1986) ‘Die ägyptischen Symmachoi’, ZPE 66: 105–18.
Kaegi, W. (1968) Byzantium and the Decline of Rome. Princeton.
Kaegi, W. (1994) ‘Review of J. Haldon Byzantium and the Seventh Century’, Speculum 69: 487–9.
Kaldellis, A. (2004) Procopius of Caesarea: Tyranny, History, and Philosophy at the End of Antiquity. Pennsylvania.
Kaplan, M. (1981) ‘Novelle de Tibère II sur les “maisons divines”’, Travaux et Mémoires 8: 237–45.
Kaplan, M. (1986) ‘Quelques aspects des maisons divines du VIe au IX siècle’, in Mélanges Svoronos. Rethymno: 70–96.
Kaplan, M. (1992) Les hommes et la terre à Byzance. Paris.
Kaster, R. A. (1988) Guardians of Language: the Grammarian and Society in Late Antiquity. Berkeley.
Kehoe, D. (2003) ‘Aristocratic Dominance in the Late Roman Economy and the Question of Economic Growth’, JRA 16: 711–21.
Khazdan, A. (1994) ‘One More Agrarian History of Byzantium’, Byzantinoslavica 55: 66–88.
Keen, M. H. (1990) English Society in the Later Middle Ages. London.
Keenan, J. G. (1973) ‘The Names Flavius and Aurelius as Status Designations in Later Roman Egypt (Part I)’, ZPE 11: 33–63.
Keenan, J. G. (1974) ‘The Names Flavius and Aurelius as Status Designations in Later Roman Egypt (Part II)’, ZPE 13: 283–304.
Keenan, J. G. (1975) ‘On Law and Society in Roman Egypt’, ZPE 17: 237–50.
Keenan, J. G. (1978) ‘From the Archive of Flavia Christodote: Observations on PSI I 76’, ZPE 29: 191–209.
Keenan, J. G. (1980) ‘Aurelius Phoebammon, son of Triadelphus: a Byzantine Egyptian Land Entrepreneur’, BASP 17: 145–54.
Keenan, J. G. (1984a) ‘The Aphrodito Papyri and Village Life in Byzantine Egypt’, Bulletin de la Société d'Archéologie Copte 26: 51–63.
Keenan, J. G. (1984b) ‘Aurelius Apollos and the Aphrodite village élite’, in Atti del XVII Congresso Internazionale di Papirologia. 3 vols. Naples: III, 957–63.
Keenan, J. G. (1985a) ‘Notes on Absentee Landlordism at Aphrodito’, BASP 22: 137–69.
Keenan, J. G. (1985b) ‘Village Shepherds and Social Tensions in Byzantine Egypt’, Yale Classical Studies 28: 245–59.
Keenan, J. G. (1993) ‘Papyrology and Byzantine Historiography’, in Alpha to Mega: Studies in Honor of George John Szemler on his Sixty-fifth Birthday, ed. Cherf, W. F.. Chicago: 111–22.
Keenan, J. G. (1995) ‘The Aphrodito Murder Mystery: a Return to the Scene of the Crime’, BASP 32: 57–63.
Kelly, C. (1998) ‘Emperors, Government and Bureaucracy’, in The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIII: The Late Empire, ad 337–425, ed. Averil Cameron and P. Garnsey. Cambridge: 138–83.
Kelly, C. (2004) Ruling the Later Roman Empire. Harvard.
Key-Fowden, E. (1999) The Barbarian Plain: Saint Sergius Between Rome and Persia. Berkeley.
Kingsley, S. (2001) ‘The Economic Impact of the Palestinian Wine Trade in Late Antiquity’, in Economy and Exchange in the East Mediterranean During Late Antiquity, ed. Kingsley, S. and Decker, M.. Oxford: 44–68.
Kingsley, S. (2003) ‘Late Antique Trade: Research Methodologies and Field Practices’, in Late Antique Archaeology, vol. I: Theory and Practice in Late Antique Archaeology, ed. Lavan, L. and Bowden, W.. Leiden: 113–38.
Kingsley, S. and Decker, M. (2001) ‘New Rome, New Theories on Inter-Regional Exchange. An Introduction to the East Mediterranean Economy in Late Antiquity’, in Economy and Exchange in the Eastern Mediterranean during Late Antiquity, ed. Kingsley, S. and Decker, M.. Oxford: 1–27.
Koenen, L. (1996) ‘The Carbonized Archive from Petra’, JRA 9: 177–88.
Kondoleon, C. (ed.) (2001) Antioch: the Lost Ancient City. Princeton.
Kuehn, C. A. (1995) Channels of Imperishable Fire: the Beginnings of Christian Mystical Poetry and Dioscorus of Aphrodito. New York.
Kula, W. (1976) An Economic Theory of the Feudal System. London.
Künkel, W. (1973) An Introduction to Roman Legal and Constitutional History. Trans. J. M. Kelly. Oxford.
Laniado, A. (1996) ‘Συντελεστής: notes sur un terme fiscale surinterprété’, JJP 26 (1996): 23–51.
Laniado, A. (2002) Recherches sur les notables municipaux dans l'empire protobyzantin. Paris.
Rosa, F. (1961) ‘L’EΓΓϒHΤHΣ della ΠAΡAΣΤAΣIΣ', JJP 13: 67–74.
Lavan, L. (2003) ‘Introduction’, in Late Antique Archaeology, vol. I: Theory and Practice in Late Antique Archaeology, ed. Lavan, L. and Bowden, W.. Leiden: vii–xvi.
Leader-Newby, R. E. (2004) Silver and Society in Late Antiquity. Aldershot.
Lee, A. D. (2000) ‘The Eastern Empire: Theodosius to Anastasius’, in The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIV: Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, ad 425–600, ed. Cameron, Averil B.Ward-Perkins, , and Whitby, M.. Cambridge: 33–62.
Lee, A. D. (2005) ‘The Empire at War’, in The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian, ed. Maas, M.. Cambridge: 113–33.
Lemerle, P. (1979) The Agrarian History of Byzantium from the Origins to the Twelfth Century: the Sources and Problems, trans. G. Mac Nicaill. Galway.
Levy, E. (1951) West Roman Vulgar Law. Philadelphia.
Lewuillon-Blume, M. (1979) ‘Problèmes de la terre au IVe siècle après J.-C.’, in Actes du XVe Congrès International de papyrologues. Brussels: 177–85.
Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G. (1972) Antioch: City and Imperial Administration in the Later Roman Empire. Oxford.
Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G. (1973) ‘The Origins of the Office of Pagarch’, Byzantinische Zeitschrift 66: 38–46.
Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G. (1986) ‘Generals, Federates and Buccellarii in Roman Armies around ad 400’, in The Defence of the Roman and Byzantine East, ed. Freeman, P. and Kennedy, D.. B.A.R. International Series 297 (ii): 463–74.
Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G. (1990) Barbarians and Bishops. Oxford.
Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G. (1996) ‘Civic Finances in the Byzantine Period: the Laws and Egypt’, Byzantinische Zeitschrift 89: 389–408.
Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G. (2001) The Decline and Fall of the Roman City. Oxford.
Maas, M. (1986) ‘Roman History and Christian Ideology in Justinianic Reform Legislation’, DOP 40: 17–31.
Maas, M. (ed.) (2005) The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian. Cambridge.
MacCoull, L. (1982) ‘A Trinitarian Formula in Dioscorus of Aphrodito’, Bulletin de la Société d'Archéologie Copte 24: 103–10.
MacCoull, L. (1984) ‘Notes on the Social Structure of Late Antique Aphrodito’, Bulletin de la Société d'Archéologie Copte 26: 65–77.
MacCoull, L. (1986a) ‘Coptic Egypt during the Persian Occupation: the Papyrological Evidence’, Studi Classici e Orientali 36: 307–13.
MacCoull, L. (1986b) ‘Dioscorus and the Dukes: an Aspect of Coptic Hellenism in the Sixth Century’, Etudes Byzantines 13: 30–40.
MacCoull, L. (1988) Dioscorus of Aphrodito: His Work and His World. Berkeley.
MacCoull, L. (1989) ‘Patronage and Social Order in Coptic Egypt’, in Egitto e Storia Antica. Bologna: 497–502.
MacCoull, L. (1990) ‘The Aphrodito Murder Mystery’, JJP 20: 103–7.
MacCoull, L. (1993) Coptic Perspectives on Late Antiquity. Aldershot.
Macve, R. H. (1994) ‘Some Glosses on “Greek and Roman Accounting”, in Accounting History: Some British Contributions, ed. Parker, R. H. and Yamey, B. S.. Oxford: 57–87.
Malz, G. (1942/3) ‘The Date of Justinian's Edict XIII’, Byzantion 16: 135–41.
Mango, C. (1984) ‘A Byzantine Hagiographer at Work; Leontius of Neapolis’, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Phil.-Hist. Klass 5B 432: 25–41.
Mango, C. (1985) Le développement urbain de Constantinople. Paris.
Mango, C. (1986) Byzantine Architecture. London.
Mango, C. (1997) ‘Saints’, in The Byzantines, ed. Cavallo, G.. Chicago: 255–80.
Maresch, K. (1994) Nomisma und Nomismatia: Beiträge zur Geldgeschichte Ägyptens im 6. Jahrhundert n.Chr. Opladen.
Martin, J. E. (1986) From Feudalism to Capitalism: Peasant and Landlord in English Agrarian Development. London.
Martindale, J. R. (1980) The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. II: ad 395–527. Cambridge.
Martindale, J. R. (1992) The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. III: ad 527–641. 2 vols. Cambridge.
Maspero, J. (1912) L'organisation militaire de l'Egypte Byzantine. Paris.
Matthews, J. (1970) ‘Olympiodorus of Thebes and the History of the West’, JRS 60: 79–97.
Matthews, J. (2000) Laying Down the Law: a Study of the Theodosian Code. Yale.
Mazal, O. (2001) Justinian I und seine Zeit: Geschichte und Kultur des Byzantinischen Reiches im 6. Jahrhundert. Vienna.
Mazza, R. (1995) ‘Ricerche sul pagarca nell'Egitto tardoantico e bizantino’, Aegyptus 1–2: 169–242.
Mazza, R. (1998) ‘P.Oxy. 1911 e i conti annuali del pronoetai’, ZPE 122: 161–72.
Mazza, R. (2001) L'archivio degli Apioni: terra, lavoro e proprietà senatoria nell'Egitto tardoantico. Bari.
McCormick, M. (1986) Eternal Victory: Triumphal Rulership in Late Antiquity, Byzantium and the Early Medieval West. Cambridge.
McCormick, M. (2000) ‘Emperor and Court’, in The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIV: Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, ad 425–600, ed. Averil Cameron, B. Ward-Perkins, and M. Whitby. Cambridge: 135–63.
McCormick, M. (2001) The Origins of the European Economy: Communications and Commerce, ad 300–900. Cambridge.
Meier, M. (2003) Das andere Zeitalter Justinians: Kontingenzerfahrung und Kontingenbewältung im 6. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Göttingen.
Meyendorff, J. (1968) ‘Justinian, the Empire, and the Church’, DOP 22: 43–60.
Mirkovic, M. (1997) ‘The Later Roman Colonate and Freedom’, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 87: part II.
Mitchell, S. (1993) Anatolia: Land, Men and Gods in Asia Minor, vol. II: The Rise of the Church. Oxford.
Monks, G. R. (1953) ‘The Church of Alexandria and the City's Economic Life in the Sixth Century’, Speculum 28: 349–62.
Moorhead, J. (1994) Justinian. London.
Morris, R. (1976) ‘The Powerful and the Poor in Tenth-Century Byzantium: Law and Reality’, P&P 63: 3–27.
Morrison, C. (1989) ‘Monnaie et prix à Byzance du Ve au VIIe siècle’, in Hommes et richesses dans l'empire byzantin, vol. I, ed. C. Abadie-Reynal et al. Paris: 239–60.
Mundell Mango, M. (2001) ‘Beyond the Amphora: Non-Ceramic Evidence for Late Antique Industry and Trade’, in Economy and Exchange in the Eastern Mediterranean During Late Antiquity, ed. Kingsley, S. and Decker, M.. Oxford: 87–106.
Narasmahamurthy, A. V. (1985) ‘Numismatic Studies in Karnataka’, Journal of the Numismatic Society of India 47: 1–10.
Neild, R. R. (2002) Public Corruption: the Dark Side of Social Evolution. London.
Nicholas, B. (1962) An Introduction to Roman Law. Oxford.
Noeske, H.-C. (2000) Münzfunde aus Ägypten, vol. I: Die Münzfunde des ägyptischen Pilgerzentrums Abu Mina und die Vergleichsfunde aus den Dioecesen Aegyptus und Oriens vom 4.–8. Jh. n. Chr. 3 vols. Berlin.
Olster, D. M. (1993) The Politics of Usurpation in the Seventh Century: Rhetoric and Revolution in Byzantium. Amsterdam.
O'Meara, D. J. O. (2003) Platonopolis: Platonic Political Philosophy in Late Antiquity. Oxford.
Palme, B. (1989) Das Amt des Apaitetes in Ägypten. Vienna.
Palme, B. (1997) ‘Die domus gloriosa des Flavius Strategius Paneuphemos’, Chiron 27: 99–125.
Palme, B. (1998) ‘Flavius Strategius und die Apionen’, Zeitschrift der Savigny Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte – romanistische Abteilung 115: 95–125.
Panella, R. J. (2000) The Private Orations of Themistius. Berkeley.
Papacostas, T. (2001) ‘The Economy of Late Antique Cyprus’, in Economy and Exchange in the East Mediterranean during Late Antiquity, ed. Kingsley, S. and Decker, M.. Oxford: 107–28.
Patlagean, E. (1975) ‘“Economie paysanne” et “féodalité” byzantine’, Annales – Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations 6: 1371–96.
Patlagean, E. (1977) Pauvreté économique et pauvreté sociale à Byzance 4e–7e siècles. Paris.
Pazdernik, C. (2005) ‘Justinianic Ideology and the Power of the Past’, in The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian, ed. Maas, M.. Cambridge: 185–214.
Pestman, P. W. (1990) The New Papyrological Primer. Leiden.
Pestman, P. W. and Rupprecht, H. A. (1992–8) Berichtigungsliste der Griechischen Papyrusurkunden aus Ägypten, vols. VIII–X. Leiden.
Pieler, P. E. (1990) ‘Erwägungen zur Novelle Justin II über die “Wahl” der Provinzatatthalter’, Subseciva Groningana 4: 177–93.
Pollard, N. (2000) Soldiers, Cities, and Civilians in Roman Syria. Michigan.
Postan, M. M. (1972) The Pelican Economic History of Britain, vol. I: The Medieval Economy and Society. London.
Pruneti, P. (1981) ‘I centri abitati dell'Ossirinchite – repertorio toponomastico’, Papyrologica Florentina 9.
Rathbone, D. (1991) Economic Rationalism and Rural Society in Third-Century AD Egypt: the Heroninos Archive and the Appianus Estate.Cambridge.
Rathbone, D. (1994) ‘Accounting on a Large Estate in Roman Egypt’, in Accounting History: Some British Contributions, ed. Parker, R. H. and Yamey, B. S.. Oxford: 13–56.
Reekmans, T. (1962) A Sixth-Century Account of Hay. Brussels.
Rémondon, R. (1955) ‘L’édit XIII de Justinien a-t-il été promulgué en 539?', Chronique d'Egypte 30: 112–21.
Rémondon, R. (1965) ‘P.Hamb. 56 et P.Lond. 1419 (notes sur les finances d'Aphrodito du VIe siècle au VIIIe)’, Chronique d'Egypte 40: 401–30.
Rémondon, R. (1974) ‘Les contradictions de la société égyptienne à l’époque byzantine', JJP 18: 17–32.
Rigby, S. H. (1995) English Society in the Later Middle Ages: Class, Status, and Gender. London.
Rizakis, D. (1995) ‘Grands domaines et petites propriétés dans le Péloponnèse sous l'empire’, in Actes de la table ronde ‘Du latifundium au latifondo’. Un héritage de Rome, une création médiévale ou moderne? (Bordeaux 1992). Paris: 226–7, 233.
Rostovtsev, M. (1957) The Social and Economic History of the Roman Empire. 2nd edn. London.
Rothaus, R. M. (1994) ‘Urban Space, Agricultural Space and Villas in Late Roman Corinth’, in Structures rurales et sociétés antiques, ed. Doukellis, P. N. and Mendoni, L. G.. Paris: 123–34.
Roueché, C. (1998) ‘Provincial Governors and Their Titulature in the Sixth Century’, Antiquité Tardive 6: 83–9.
Rouillard, G. (1928) L'administration civile de l'Egypte byzantine. Paris.
Rouillard, G. (1953) La vie rurale dans l'empire byzantin. Paris.
Rowlandson, J. (1996) Landowners and Tenants in Roman Egypt: the Social Relations of Agriculture in the Oxyrhynchite Nome. Oxford.
Rubin, Z. (1995) ‘The Reforms of Khusro Anushirwan’, in The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, vol. III: States, Resources and Armies, ed. Averil Cameron. Princeton: 227–98.
Ste Croix, G. E. M. de (1956) ‘Greek and Roman Accounting’, in Studies in the History of Accounting, ed. Littlejohn, A. C. and Yamey, B. S.. London: 14–74.
Ste Croix, G. E. M. de (1981) The Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World: From the Archaic Age to the Arab Conquests. London.
Saller, R. (1994) Patriarchy, Property and Death in the Roman Family. Cambridge.
Samuel, A. E. (1965) ‘The Role of the Paramone Clauses in Ancient Documents’, JJP 15: 221–311.
Sarris, P. (2002a) ‘The Justinianic Plague: Origins and Effects’, Continuity and Change 17: 169–82.
Sarris, P. (2002b) ‘The Eastern Roman Empire from Constantine to Heraclius’, in The Oxford History of Byzantium, ed. Mango, C.. Oxford: 19–59.
Sarris, P. (2004a) ‘The Origins of the Manorial Economy: New Insights from Late Antiquity’, EHR 119: 279–311.
Sarris, P. (2004b) ‘Rehabilitating the Great Estate: Aristocratic Property and Economic Growth in the Late Antique East’, in Late Antique Archaeology, vol. II: Recent Research on the Late Antique Countryside, ed. Bowden, W., Lavan, L., and Machado, C.. Leiden: 55–71.
Sarris, P. (2005) ‘On Jairus Banaji Agrarian Change in Late Antiquity’, Historical Materialism 13.1: 207–19.
Schmitt, O. (1994) ‘Die Buccellarii: Eine Studie zum militärischen Gefolgschaftswesen in der Spätantike’, Tyche 9: 147–74.
Schnebel, M. (1925) Die Landwirtschaft im hellenistischen Ägypten, vol. I: Der Betrieb der Landwirtschaft. Munich.
Schnebel, M. (1928) ‘An Agricultural Ledger in P.Bad. 95’, JEA 14: 34–45.
Scott, R. (1981) ‘Malalas and Justinian's Codification’, in Byzantine Papers, ed. , E. and Jeffreys, M. and Moffat, A.. Canberra: 12–31.
Scott, R. (1985) ‘Malalas, The Secret History and Justinian's Propaganda’, DOP 39: 99–109.
Scott, R. (1996) ‘Writing the Reign of Justinian: Malalas versus Theophanes’, in The Sixth Century: End or Beginning?, ed. Allen, P. and Jeffreys, E.. Brisbane: 20–34.
Sirks, B. (1993) ‘Reconsidering the Roman Colonate’, Zeitschrift der Savigny Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte – romanistische Abteilung 110: 330–69.
Sodini, J.-P. (1997) ‘Habitat de l'antiquité tardive (2)’, Topoi Orient-Occident 7: 435–577.
Sodini, J.-P. (2003) ‘Archaeology and Late Antique Social Structures’, in Late Antique Archaeology, vol. I: Theory and Practice in Late Antique Archaeology, ed. L. Lavan and W. Bowden. Leiden: 25–56.
Sodini, J.-P.et al. (1976–8) ‘Déhès (Syrie du Nord), Campagnes I–III: recherches sur l'habitat rural’, Syria 57: 1–304.
Souter, A. (1949) A Glossary of Later Latin. Oxford.
Stathakopoulos, D. (2004) Famine and Pestilence in the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Empire: a Systematic Survey of Subsistence Crises and Epidemics. Aldershot.
Stein, E. (1949) L'histoire du Bas-Empire. 2 vols. Paris.
Tacoma, L. E. (1998) ‘Replacement Parts for an Irrigation Machine of the Divine House at Oxyrhynchus – P.Columbia Inv 83 October 12, ad 549(?)’, ZPE 120: 123–30.
Tate, G. (1992) ‘Les campagnes de la Syrie du nord du IIe au VIIe siècle. Un exemple d'expansion démographique et économique à la fin de l'antiquité. Paris.
Taubenschlag, R. (1954) ‘Das babylonische Recht in den griechischen Papyri’, JJP 7: 169–86.
Taubenschlag, R. (1955) The Law of Greco-Roman Egypt in the Light of the Papyri. 2nd edn. Warsaw.
Tchalenko, G. (1953–8) Villages antiques de la Syrie du nord. 3 vols. Paris.
Teall, J. (1959) ‘The Grain Supply of the Byzantine Empire’, DOP 13: 122–46.
Thompson, E. P. (1974) ‘Patrician Society, Plebeian Culture’, Journal of Social History 7: 381–405.
Toynbee, A. (1973) Constantine Porphyrogenitus and His World. London.
Treadgold, W. (1997) A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford.
Trombley, F. R. (1985) ‘Paganism in the Greek World at the End of Antiquity’, Harvard Theological Review 78: 327–52.
Trombley, F. R. (1997) ‘War and Society in Rural Syria c. 502–613 ad. Observations on the Epigraphy’, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 21: 154–209.
Trombley, F. R. (2004) ‘Epigraphic Data on Village Culture and Social Institutions: an Interregional Comparison (Syria, Phoenice Libanensis and Arabia)’, in Late Antique Archaeology, vol. II: Recent Research on the Late Antique Countryside, ed. Bowden, W., Lavan, L., and Machado, C.. Leiden: 73–101.
Tsafrir, Y. (1996) ‘Some Notes on the Settlement and Demography of Palestine in the Byzantine Period: the Archaeological Evidence’, in Retrieving the Past: Essays on Archaeological Research and Methodology in Honour of Gus W. Van Beck, ed. Segor, J. D.. Winona Lake: 269–83.
Turner, E. (1982) ‘The Graeco-Roman Branch’, in Excavating in Egypt, ed. James, T. G. H.. London: 161–78.
Verhulst, A. (1995) ‘Economic Organisation’, in The New Cambridge Medieval History, vol. II: c. 700–900, ed. R. D. McKitterick. Cambridge: 481–509.
Ward-Perkins, B. (2000a) ‘Land, Labour and Settlement’, in The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIV: Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, ed. Averil Cameron, B. Ward-Perkins, and M. Whitby. Cambridge: 315–45.
Ward-Perkins, B. (2000b) ‘Specialized Production and Exchange’, in The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIV: Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, ed. Averil Cameron, B. Ward-Perkins, and M. Whitby. Cambridge: 346–91.
Ward-Perkins, B. (2005) The Fall of Rome and the End of Civilization. Oxford.
Wickham, C. (1984) ‘The Other Transition: From the Ancient World to Feudalism’, P&P 103: 3–36.
Whitby, M. (1988) The Emperor Maurice and His Historian. Oxford.
Whitby, M. (1995) ‘Recruitment in Roman Armies from Justinian to Heraclius’, in The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, vol. III: States, Resources and Armies, ed. Cameron, Averil. Princeton: 61–124.
Whittaker, C. R. (1993) ‘Landlords and Warlords in the Later Roman Empire’, in War and Society in the Roman World, ed. Rich, J. and Shipley, G.. London: 277–302.
Whittow, M. (1990) ‘Ruling the Late Roman and Early Byzantine City: a Continuous History’, P&P 129: 3–29.
Whittow, M. (1996) The Making of Orthodox Byzantium. London.
Whittow, M. (2003) ‘Decline and Fall? Studying Long-Term Change in the East’, in Late Antique Archaeology, vol. I: Theory and Practice in Late Antique Archaeology, ed. L. Lavan and W. Bowden. Leiden: 404–23.
Wilfong, T. G. (2002) Women of Jeme: Life in a Coptic Town in Late Antique Egypt. Michigan.
Williams, S. (1985) Diocletian and the Roman Recovery. London.
Wipszycka, E. (1972) Les ressources et les activités économiques des églises en Egypte du IVe au VIIIe siècle. Brussels.
Zuckerman, C. (1998) ‘Two Reforms of the 370s: Recruiting Soldiers and Senators in the Divided Empire’, Revue des Etudes Byzantines 56: 79–140.
Zulueta, F. de (1909) ‘Patronage in the Later Roman Empire’, in Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History, vol. I, ed. Vinogradoff, P.. Oxford: part II, 3–78.

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.