Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-18T01:45:11.356Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2011

Else Marie Friis
Affiliation:
Swedish Museum of Natural History
Peter R. Crane
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen
Affiliation:
Aarhus Universitet, Denmark
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adegoke, O. S.Jan du Chêne, R. E.Agumanu, A. E.Ajayi, P. O. 1978 Palynology and the age of the Kerri–Kerri Formation, NigeriaRevista Española de Micropaleontología 10 267Google Scholar
Adendorff, R.McLoughlin, S.Bamford, M. K. 2002 A new genus of ovuliferous glossopterid fruits from South AfricaPalaeontologia Africana 38 1Google Scholar
Agosti, D.Grimaldi, D. A.Carpenter, J. M. 1998 Oldest known ant fossils discoveredNature 391 447CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agrawal, S. K. 1995 Sahni from Kachchh (Gujarat, W. India) and its stratigraphic bearingGlobal Environment and Diversification of Plants through Geological TimePant, D. D.Allahabad, IndiaSociety of Indian Plant Taxonomists23Google Scholar
Albert, V. A.Backlund, A.Bremer, K. 1994 Functional constraints and L evidence for land plant phylogenyAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 81 534CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allègre, C. J.Birck, J. L.Capmas, F.Courtillot, V. 1999 Age of the Deccan traps using 187Re–187Os systematicsEarth and Planetary Science Letters 170 197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, P. 1976 Wealden of the Weald: a new modelProceedings of the Geologists' Association 86 389CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, P. 1981 Pursuit of Wealden modelsJournal of the Geological Society, London 138 375CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, P. 1990 Wealden research – ways aheadProceedings of the Geologists' Association 100 529CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvarez, L. W.Alvarez, W.Sarao, F.Michel, V. H. 1980 Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinctionScience 208 1095CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alvin, K. L. 1968 The spore-bearing organs of the Cretaceous fern The Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) 61 87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvin, K. L. 1971 (Stokes et Webb) Fontaine from the Wealden of BelgiumMemoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique 166 1Google Scholar
Alvin, K. L. 1974 Leaf anatomy of based on fusainized materialPalaeontology 17 587Google Scholar
Alvin, K. L.Fraser, C. J.Spicer, R. A. 1981 Anatomy and palaeoecology of and associated conifers in the English WealdenPalaeontology 24 759Google Scholar
Alvin, K. L. 1982 Cheirolepidiaceae: biology, structure and palaeoecologyReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 37 71CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvin, K. L. 1983 Reconstructions of a Lower Cretaceous coniferBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 86 169CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderberg, A. A.Ståhl, B.Källersjö, M. 2000 Maesaceae, a new primuloid family in the order Ericales s.lTaxon 49 183CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderberg, A. A.Rydin, C.Kjällersjö, M. 2002 Phylogenetic relationships in the order Ericales s.l.: analysis of molecular data of five genes from the plastid and mitochondrial genomesAmerican Journal of Botany 89 677CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderberg, A. A.Zhang, X. P. 2002 Phylogenetic relationships of Cyrillaceae and Clethraceae (Ericales) with special emphasis on the genus PlanchOrganisms Diversity & Evolution 2 127CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, C. N.Bremer, K.Friis, E. M. 2005 Dating phylogenetically basal eudicots using L sequences and multiple fossil reference pointsAmerican Journal of Botany 92 1737CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, J. M.Anderson, H. M. 1983 Palaeoflora of Southern Africa: Molteno Formation (Triassic)RotterdamA.A. BalkemaGoogle Scholar
Anderson, J. M.Anderson, H. M. 1985 Palaeoflora of Southern Africa. Prodromus of South African Megafloras. Devonian to CretaceousRotterdamA.A. BalkemaGoogle Scholar
Anderson, J. M.Anderson, H. M. 1989 Palaeoflora of Southern Africa: Molteno Formation (Triassic)RotterdamA.A. BalkemaGoogle Scholar
Anderson, J. M.Anderson, H. M. 2003 Heyday of the Gymnosperms: Systematics and Biodiversity of the Late Triassic Molteno FructificationsPretoriaNational Botanical InstituteGoogle Scholar
Ando, H.Seishi, M.Oshima, M.Matsumaru, T. 1995 Fluvial shallow marine deposited systems of the Futaba Group (Upper Cretaceous): depositional facies and sequenceJournal of Geography (Tokyo) 104 284CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andreánzky, G. 1961 Ergänzungen zur Kenntnis der sarmatischen Flora Ungarns IAnnales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici. Mineralogica et Palaeontologica 53 13Google Scholar
Andrews, H. N. 1961 PaleobotanyNew York, London, SydneyJohn Wiley & SonsGoogle Scholar
APG 1998 An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plantsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85 531CrossRefGoogle Scholar
APGII 2003 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plantsBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141 399CrossRefGoogle Scholar
APGIII 2009 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IIIBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arber, E. A. N.Parkin, J. 1907 On the origin of angiospermsJournal of the Linnean Society, Botany 38 29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arber, E. A. N.Parkin, J. 1908 Studies on the evolution of the angiospermsAnnals of Botany 12 489CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Archangelsky, A.Taylor, T. N.Kurmann, M. H. 1986 Ultrastructural studies of fossil plant cuticles: from the early Cretaceous of ArgentinaBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 92 101CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Archangelsky, A.Andreis, R. R.Archangelsky, S.Artabe, A. 1995 Cuticular characters adapted to volcanic stress in a new Cretaceous cycad leaf from Patagonia, Argentina. Considerations on the stratigraphy and depositional history of the Baqueró FormationReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 89 213CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Archangelsky, A. 2001 The Tíco Flora (Patagonia) and the Aptian Extinction EventActa Palaeobotanica 41 115Google Scholar
Archangelsky, S.Brett, D. W. 1961 Studies on Triassic fossil plants from Argentina. I. from the Ischigualasto FormationPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 244 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Archangelsky, S. 1963 A new Mesozoic flora from Ticó, Santa Cruz Province, ArgentinaBulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 8 45Google Scholar
Archangelsky, S. 1967 Estudio de la Formación Baqueró Cretácico Inferior de Santa Cruz, ArgentinaRevista del Museo de la Plata (Nueva Serie), Paleontología 5 63Google Scholar
Archangelsky, S. 1968 Studies on Triassic fossil plants from Argentina. IV. The leaf genus and its possible relation to stemsPalaeontology 11 500Google Scholar
Archangelsky, S. 1980 Palynology of the Lower Cretaceous in ArgentinaProceedings of the Fourth Palynological Conference, Lucknow (1976–77) 2 425Google Scholar
Archangelsky, S.Taylor, T. N. 1986 Ultrastructural studies of fossil plant cuticles. II. gen. n., a Cretaceous conifer from ArgentinaAmerican Journal of Botany 73 1577CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Archangelsky, S.Taylor, T. N. 1993 The ultrastructure of pollen from the Early Cretaceous of PatagoniaAmerican Journal of Botany 80 879CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Archangelsky, S.Barreda, V.Passalia, M. G. 2009 Early angiosperm diversification: evidence from southern South AmericaCretaceous Research 30 1073CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Archibald, J. D. 1996 Dinosaur Extinction and the End of an Era: What the Fossils SayNew YorkColumbia University PressGoogle Scholar
Arnold, C. A. 1953 Origin and relationships of the cycadsPhytomorphology 3 51Google Scholar
Artabe, A. E.Spalletti, L. A.Brea, M. 2007 Structure of a corystosperm fossil forest from the Late Triassic of ArgentinaPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 243 451CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ash, S. R. 1972 gen. nov., a problematical plant from the Late Triassic of the southwestern U.S.APalaeontology 15 423Google Scholar
Ash, S. R. 1976 The systematic position of American Journal of Botany 63 1327CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ash, S. R. 1976 Occurrence of the controversial plant fossil in the Upper Triassic of TexasJournal of Paleontology 50 799Google Scholar
Ash, S. R. 1977 An unusual bennettitalean leaf from the Upper Triassic of the south-western United StatesPalaeontology 20 641Google Scholar
Askin, R. A. 1990 Campanian to Paleocene spore and pollen assemblages of Seymour Island, AntarcticaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 65 105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atta-Peters, D.Salami, M. B. 2006 Aptian-Maastrichtian palynomorphs from the offshore Tano Basin, western GhanaJournal of African Earth Sciences 46 379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aulenback, K. R. 2009 Identification Guide to the Fossil Plants of the Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Drumheller, AlbertaCalgaryUniversity of Calgary PressGoogle Scholar
Axelrod, D. I. 1952 A theory of angiosperm evolutionEvolution 6 29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Axelrod, D. I. 1960 The evolution of flowering plantsThe Evolution of LifeTax, S.ChicagoUniversity of Chicago Press227Google Scholar
Axelrod, D. I. 1970 Mesozoic paleogeography and early angiosperm historyThe Botanical Review 36 277CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Axelrod, D. I. 1987 The late Oligocene Creede flora, ColoradoUniversity of California Publications in Geological Sciences 130 1Google Scholar
Axsmith, B. J.Taylor, E. L.Thomas, T. N.Cuneo, N. R. 2000 New perspectives on the Mesozoic seed fern order Corystospermales based on attached organs from the Triassic of AntarcticaAmerican Journal of Botany 87 757CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Backlund, A. 1996 Phylogeny of the DipsacalesUppsalaPhD Thesis, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Uppsala1Google Scholar
Bailey, I. W.Sinnott, E. W. 1916 The climatic distribution of certain types of angiosperm leavesAmerican Journal of Botany 3 24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, I. W. 1944 The development of vessels in angiosperms and its significance in morphological researchAmerican Journal of Botany 31 421CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bande, M. B.Prakash, U.Ambwani, K. 1982 A fossil palm fruit gen. et sp. nov. from the Deccan Intertrappean beds, IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 30 303Google Scholar
Bande, M. B.Prakash, U. 1986 The Tertiary flora of Southeast Asia with remarks on its palaeoenvironment and phytogeography of the Indo-Malayan regionReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 49 203CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banks, H.Stafford, P.Crane, P. R. 2007 Aperture variation in the pollen of (Nelumbonaceae)Grana 46 157CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barale, G.Blanc-Louvel, C.Buffetaut, E. 1984 Les gisements de calcaires lithographiques du Crétacé Inférieur du Montsech (Province de Lérida, Espagne). Considérations PaléoécologiquesGeobios, Mémoirs spécial 8 275CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barale, G.Philippe, M.Tayech-Mannai, B.Zarbout, M. 1997 Découverte d'une flore à Ptéridophytes et Gymnospermes dans le Crétacé inférieur de la région de Tataouine (Sud Tunisien)Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris, Sciences de la terre et des planètes 325 221Google Scholar
Barale, G.Zarbout, M.Philippe, M. 1998 Niveaux à végétaux fossiles en environnement fluviatile à marin proximal dans le Dahar (Bathonien à Albien – Sud Tunisien)Bulletin de la Société géologique de France 169 811Google Scholar
Barale, G.Ouaja, M. 2001 Découverte de nouvelles flores avec des restes à affinités angiospermiennes dans le Crétacé inférieur du Sud TunisienCretaceous Research 22 131CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barale, G.Ouaja, M. 2002 La biodiversité végétale des gisements d'âge Jurassique supérieur-Crétacé inférieur de Merbah El Asfer (Sud-Tunisien)Cretaceous Research 23 707CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baranova, M. 1972 Systematic anatomy of some leaf epidermis in the Magnoliaceae and some related familiesTaxon 21 447CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barbacka, M.Bóka, K. 2000 A new Early Liassic fructification of the Caytoniales from HungaryActa Palaeobotanica 40 83Google Scholar
Barbosa, B. P. 1981 Carta Geológica de Portugal na Escala de 1/50000. Notícia Explicativa da Folha 16-C VagosLisbonServi??os Geol??gicos de PortugalGoogle Scholar
Barclay, R. S.Johnson, K. R.Betterton, W. J.Dilcher, D. L. 2003 Stratigraphy and megaflora of a K-T boundary section in the eastern Denver Basin, ColoradoRocky Mountain Geology 38 45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, R. W.Hill, R. S. 1999 Macrofossils of and (Cunoniaceae) from Australian Cainozoic sedimentsAustralian Systematic Botany 12 647CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, R. W.Jordan, G. J. 2000 (Cunoniaceae) reproductive and leaf macrofossils from Australian Cainozoic sedimentsAustralian Systematic Botany 13 373CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barreda, V. 1997 Palynomorph assemblage of the Chenque Formation, late Oligocene?-Miocene from Golfo San Jorge basin, Patagonia, Argentina. Part 4. Polyporate and porate pollenAmeghiniana 34 145Google Scholar
Barrett, P. M. 2000 Evolutionary consequences of dating the Yixian FormationTrends in Ecology and Evolution 15 99CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barron, E. J.Thompson, S. L.Schneider, S. H. 1981 An Ice-Free Cretaceous? Results from Climate Model SimulationsScience 212 501CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barron, E. J.Fawcett, P. J.Pollard, D.Thompson, S. 1994 Model simulations of Cretaceous climates: the role of geography and carbon dioxidePalaeoclimates and their ModellingAllen, J. R. L.Hoskin, B. J.Sellwood, B. W.Spicer, R. A.Valdes, P. J.London, Glasgow, New York, Tokyo, Melbourne, MadrasChapman & Hall99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basinger, J. F. 1976 , gen. et sp. nov., permineralized flowers (Rosaceae) from the Eocene of British ColumbiaCanadian Journal of Botany 54 2293CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basinger, J. F.Dilcher, D. L. 1984 Ancient bisexual flowersScience 224 511CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Basinger, J. F.Christophel, D. C. 1985 Fossil flowers and leaves of the Ebenaceae from the Eocene of southern AustraliaCanadian Journal of Botany 63 1825CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batten, D. J. 1973 Palynology of early Cretaceous soil beds and associated strataPalaeontology 16 399Google Scholar
Batten, D. J. 1975 Wealden palaeoecology from the distribution of plant fossilsProceedings of the Geologists' Association 85 433CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batten, D. J. 1981 Stratigraphy, palaeogeography and evolutionary significance of Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary Normapolles pollenReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 35 125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batten, D. J.Christopher, R. A. 1981 Key to recognition of Normapolles and some morphologically similar generaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 35 359CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batten, D. J.Maclennan, A. M. 1984 The paleoenvironmental significance of the conifer family Cheirolepidiaceae in the Cretaceous of PortugalThird Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems, Short PapersReif, W.-E.Westphal, F.TübingenAttempto Verlag7Google Scholar
Batten, D. J. 1986 The Cretaceous Normapolles pollen genus : occurrence, form, and functionPalaeontology, Special Papers 35 21Google Scholar
Batten, D. J. 1986 Possible functional implications of exine sculpture and architecture in some Late Cretaceous Normapolles pollenPollen and Spores. Form and FunctionBlackmore, S.Ferguson, I. K.LondonAcademic Press219Google Scholar
Batten, D. J.Morrison, L. 1987 Morphology and occurrence of the Normapolles pollen genus in the Cretaceous of PortugalPalynology 11 133CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batten, D. J. 1988 A revision of S.J. Diikstra's Late Cretaceous megaspores and other plant microfossils from Limburg, The NetherlandsMededelingen Rijks Geologische Dienst 41 1Google Scholar
Batten, D. J.Dupagne-Kievits, J.Lister, J. K. 1988 Palynology of the Upper Cretaceous Aachen Formation of northeastern BelgiumThe Chalk District of the Euregio Meuse-RhineStreel, M.Bless, M. J. M.LiègeNat. Mus. Lab. Paleontol. Univ. Li??ge95Google Scholar
Batten, D. J.Kovach, W. L. 1990 Catalog of Mesozoic and Tertiary megasporesAmerican Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, Contributions Series 24 1Google Scholar
Batten, D. J.Dutta, R. J. 1997 Ultrastructure of exine of gymnospermous pollen grains from Jurassic and basal Cretaceous deposits in northwest Europe and implications for botanical relationshipsReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 99 25CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batten, D. J. 1998 Palaeoenvironmental implication of plant, insect and other organic-walled microfossils in the Weald Clay Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of southeast EnglandCretaceous Research 19 279CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batten, D. J.Collinson, M. E.Brain, A. P. R. 1998 Ultrastructural interpretation of the Late Cretaceous megaspore and its associated microsporesAmerican Journal of Botany 85 724CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Batten, D. J. 2007 Spores and pollen from the Crato Formation: biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implicationsThe Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: Window into an Ancient WorldMartill, D. M.Bechly, G.Loveridge, R. F.CambridgeCambridge University Press566CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bawa, K. S. 1990 Plant-pollinator interactions in tropical rain forestsAnnual Review of Ecology and Systematics 21 399CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayer, C.Appel, O.Rudall, P. J. 1998 HanguanaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag223Google Scholar
Beauvais, M.Berthou, P.-Y.Lauverjat, J. 1975 Le gisement Campanien de Mira (Beira Litorale, Portugal): sédimentologie, micropaléonotologie, révision des MadréporairesComunicações dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal 59 37Google Scholar
Beck, C. B. 1966 On the origin of gymnospermsTaxon 15 337CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, C. B. 1970 The appearance of gymnospermous structureBiological Reviews 45 379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, C. B. 1971 On the anatomy and morphology of lateral branch systems of American Journal of Botany 58 758CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, C. B. 1981 and its role in vascular plant evolutionPaleobotany, Paleoecology, and EvolutionNiklas, K. J.New YorkPraeger193Google Scholar
Becker, H. F. 1972 The Metzel Ranch flora of the Upper Ruby River Basin, southwestern MontanaPalaeontographica 141 1Google Scholar
Becker, H. F. 1972 Sanmiguelia, . Palaeontographica 138 181
Behrensmeyer, A. K.Hook, R. H. 1992 Paleoenvironmental contexts and taphonomic modesTerrestrial Ecosystems through Time. Evolutionary Paleoecology of Terrestrial Plants and AnimalsBehrensmeyer, A. K.Damuth, J. D.DiMichele, W. A.Potts, R.Sues, H.-D.Wing, S. L.Chicago, ILThe University of Chicago Press15Google Scholar
Behrensmeyer, A. K.Kidwell, S. M.Gastaldo, R. A. 2000 Taphonomy and paleobiologyPaleobiology 26 103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Béland, P.Russell, D. A. 1978 Paleoecology of Dinosaur Provincial Park (Cretaceous), Alberta, interpreted from the distribution of articulated vertebrate remainsCanadian Journal of Earth Science 15 1012CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bell, C. D.Soltis, D. E.Soltis, P. S. 2005 The age of the angiosperms: a molecular timescale without a clockEvolution 59 1245CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benda, L. 1961 Beiträge zur Flora des nordwestdeutschen Wealden. I. “Blätterkohlen” aus dem Hils und OsterwaldGeologische Jahrbuch 78 621Google Scholar
Bender, F.Mädler, K. 1969 Die sandige Schichtenfolge der Kreide mit einer Angiospermen-Flora in SüdjordanienBeihefte zum Geologischen Jahrbuch 81 35Google Scholar
Benson, R. N. 2006 Internal Stratigraphic Correlation of the Subsurface Potomac Formation, New Castle County, Delaware, and Adjacent Areas in Maryland and New JerseyNewark, DelawareState of Delaware, Delaware Geological SurveyGoogle Scholar
Benton, M. J.Wills, M. A.Hitchin, R. 2000 Quality of the fossil record through timeNature 403 534CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benton, M. J. 2001 Finding the tree of life: matching phylogenetic trees to the fossil record through the 20th centuryProceedings of the Royal Society of London 268 2123CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berner, R. A. 1991 A model for atmospheric CO2 over Phanerozoic timeAmerican Journal of Science 291 339CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berridge, E. M. 1911 On some points of resemblance between Gnetalean and Bennettitean seedsNew Phytologist 10 140CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1907 Contribution to the Mesozoic flora of the Atlantic coastal plain. II. North CarolinaBulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 34 185CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1909 Contribution to the Mesozoic flora of the Atlantic coastal plain. III. New JerseyBulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 36 245CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1910 Contribution to the Mesozoic flora of the Atlantic coastal plain. V. North CarolinaBulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 37 181CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1910 Contribution to the Mesozoic flora of the Atlantic coastal plain. VI. GeorgiaBulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 37 503CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1911 Systematic paleontology, Lower Cretaceous: Pteridophyta, Cycadophytae, Gymnospermae, Monocotyledonae, DicotyledonaeLower CretaceousClark, W. B.Bibbins, A. B.Berry, E. W.BaltimoreThe Johns Hopkins Press214Google Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1912 Contributions to the Mesozoic flora of the Atlantic coastal plain. VIII. TexasBulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 39 387CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1919 Upper Cretaceous floras of the eastern Gulf Region in Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, and GeorgiaUS Geological Survey Professional Paper 112 1Google Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1922 The flora of the Woodbine Sand at Arthurs Bluff, TexasUS Geolological Survey Professional Paper 129 153Google Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1925 The flora of the Ripley FormationUS Geological Survey Professional Paper 129 199Google Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1937 and other fossil plants from the Cumarebo field in VenezuelaJournal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 27 501Google Scholar
Berry, E. W. 1939 Fossil plants from the Cretaceous of MinnesotaJournal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 29 331Google Scholar
Berthou, P. Y. 1990 , D.Campos, A.Viana, M. S. S.Brito, P. M.Beurlen, G.
Bessey, C. E. 1894 Evolution and classificationProceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 42 237Google Scholar
Bessey, C. E. 1896 The point of divergence of monocotyledons and dicotyledonsBotanical Gazette 22 229Google Scholar
Bessey, C. E. 1897 Phylogeny and taxonomy of the angiospermsBotanical Gazette 24 145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bessey, C. E. 1915 The phylogenetic taxonomy of flowering plantsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 2 109CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bice, K. L.Huber, B. T.Norris, R. D. 2003 Extreme polar warmth during the Cretaceous greenhouse? Paradox of the late Turonian δ18O record at Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 511Paleoceanography 18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bino, R. J.Dafni, A.Meeuse, A. D. J. 1984 Entomophily in the dioecious gymnosperm Forsk. (= C.A. Mey.), with some notes on C.A. Mey. I. Aspects of the entomophilous syndromeProceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Academie van Wetenschappen. Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences 87 1Google Scholar
Bino, R. J.Devente, N.Meeuse, A. D. J. 1984 Entomophily in the dioecious gymnosperm Forsk. (= C.A. Mey.), with some notes on C.A. Mey. II. Pollination droplets, nectaries, and nectarial secretion in Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences 87 15Google Scholar
Biradar, N. V.Bonde, S. D. 1990 The genus and its affinitiesProceedings of the 3rd International Organization of Palaeobotany ConferenceDouglas, J. G.Christophel, D. C.Melbourne51Google Scholar
Blackburn, D. T.Sluiter, I. R. K. 1994 The Oligo-Miocene coal floras of southeastern AustraliaHistory of the Australian Vegetation: Cretaceous to RecentHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press328Google Scholar
Blanc-Louvel, C. 1984 Le genre “ L.” dans le Berriasien (Crétace inf.) de la province de Lérida (Espagne)Instituto de Estudios Ilerdenses de la Diputación Provincial de Lleida 45 83Google Scholar
Bocherens, H.Friis, E. M.Mariotti, A.Pedersen, K. R. 1993 Carbon isotopic abundances in Mesozoic and Cenozoic fossil plants: palaeoecological implicationsLethaia 26 347CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogner, J. 1976 Die systematische Stellung von Conwentz, einer fossilen Aracee aus dem BernsteinMitteilungen Bayerischen Staatssammlungen, Paläontologie und historischen Geologie 16 95Google Scholar
Bogner, J.Mayo, S. J. 1998 AcoraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag7Google Scholar
Bogner, J. 2001 What is Heer?Aroideana 24 100Google Scholar
Bogner, J.Hoffman, G. L.Aulenback, K. R. 2005 A fossilized aroid inflorescence, gen. nov. et sp. nov., of Late Cretaceous (Late Campanian) age from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation of southern Alberta, CanadaCanadian Journal of Botany 83 591CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogner, J.Johnson, K. R.Kvaček, Z.Upchurch, G. R. 2007 New fossil leaves of Araceae from the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene of western North AmericaZitteliana A47 133Google Scholar
Boltenhagen, E. 1967 Spores et pollen du Crétacé supérieur du GabonPollen et Spores 9 335Google Scholar
Bond, W. J.van Wilgen, B. W. 1996 Fire and Plants. Population and Community Biology SeriesLondon, Glasgow, Weinheim, New York, Tokyo, Melbourne, MadrasChapman & HallGoogle Scholar
Bonde, S. D. 1986 A new gramineous stem from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Nawargaon in Wardha District, Maharashtra, IndiaBiovigyanam 12 39Google Scholar
Bonde, S. D.Kumaran, K. P. N. 1993 A liliaceous inflorescence from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of IndiaCurrent Science 65 776Google Scholar
Bonde, S. D. 1995 A palm peduncle and fruit from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of IndiaGlobal Environment and Diversification of Plants through Geological TimePant, D. D.Allahabad, IndiaSociety of Indian Plant Taxonomists63Google Scholar
Bonde, S. D. 1996 gen. et sp. nov. a palm rachilla from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 43 102Google Scholar
Bonde, S. D. 1997 Fossil dicotyledonous liana sp. nov. (Menispermaceae) from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 47 89Google Scholar
Bonde, S. D. 2000 gen. et sp. nov., an araceous viny axis from the Nawargaon intertrappean beds of IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 49 85Google Scholar
Bonde, S. D. 2005 gen. et sp. nov. (Liliales: Eriospermaceae): first record of a monocotyledonous corm from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of IndiaCretaceous Research 26 197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonnefille, R.Hamilton, A. C.Linder, H. P.Riollet, G. 1990 30,000-Year-old fossil Restionaceae pollen from central equatorial Africa and its biogeographical significanceJournal of Biogeography 17 307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bornemann, A.Norris, R. D.Friedrich, O. 2008 Isotopic evidence for glaciation during the Cretaceous supergreenhouseScience 319 189CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Borsch, T.Löhne, C.Wiersema, J. 2008 Phylogeny and evolutionary patterns in Nymphaeales: integrating genes, genomes and morphologyTaxon 57 1052Google Scholar
Bose, M. N. 1968 A new species of from the Rajmahal Hills, IndiaThe Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) 61 121CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bose, M. N.Banerji, J. 1984 The fossil flora of Kachchh, I – Mesozoic megafossil floraThe Palaeobotanist 33 1Google Scholar
Bose, M. N.Banerji, J.Pal, P. K. 1984 (Bose) comb. nov., a bennettitalean bisexual flower from the Rajmahal Hills, IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 32 217Google Scholar
Bose, M. N.Pal, P. K.Harris, T. M. 1984 (Wieland) comb. nov. from the Jurassic of Rajmahal Hills, IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 32 368Google Scholar
Bose, M. N.Pal, P. K.Harris, T. M. 1985 The plantPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 310 77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boucher, L. D.Manchester, S. R.Judd, W. S. 2003 An extinct genus of Salicaceae based on twigs with attached flowers, fruits, and foliage from the Eocene Green River Formation of Utah and Colorado, USAAmerican Journal of Botany 90 1389CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boureau, E. 1950 Étude paléoxylologique du Sahara (IX). Sur un n. gen., nov. sp., du Danien d'AsselarBulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, II 22 523Google Scholar
Bowe, L. G.Coat, G.DePamphilis, C. W. 2000 Phylogeny of seed plants based on all three genomic compartments: extant gymnosperms are monophyletic and Gnetales' closest relatives are conifersProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 97 4092CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boyd, A. 1992 Revision of the Late Cretaceous Pautût flora from West Greenland: Gymnospermopsida (Cycadales, Cycadeoidales, Caytoniales, Ginkgoales, Coniferales)Palaeontographica 225 105Google Scholar
Braukmann, T. W. A.Kuzmina, M.Stefanović, S. 2009 Loss of all plastid genes in Gnetales and conifers: extent and evolutionary significance for the seed plant phylogenyCurrent Genetics 55 323CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bravi, S.Civile, D.Martino, C.Barone Lumaga, M. R.Nardi, G. 2004 Geological and paleontological observations on a fossil plant horizon in the Cenomanian of Mount Chianello (Southern Apennines)Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana 123 19Google Scholar
Bravi, S.Barone Lumaga, M. R.Mickle, J. E. 2010 gen. et sp. nov. – a new angiosperm fructification from the Middle Albian of Southern ItalyCretaceous Research 31 285CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bremer, B.Bremer, K.Heidari, N. 2002 Phylogenetics of asterids based on 3 coding and 3 non-coding chloroplast DNA markers and the utility of non-coding DNA at higher taxonomic levelsMolecular Biology and Evolution 24 274Google ScholarPubMed
Bremer, K.Wanntorp, H. E. 1981 The cladistic approach to plant classificationAdvances in Cladistics: Proceedings of the First Meeting of the Willi Henning SocietyFunk, V. A.Brooks, D. R.New YorkNew York Botanical Garden87Google Scholar
Bremer, K. 1994 Asteraceae: Cladistics and ClassificationPortland, ORTimber PressGoogle Scholar
Bremer, K. 2000 Early Cretaceous lineages of monocot flowering plantsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 97 4707CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bremer, K. 2002 Gondwanan evolution of the grass alliance of families (Poales)Evolution 56 1374CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bremer, K.Friis, E. M.Bremer, B. 2004 Molecular phylogenetic dating of asterid flowering plants shows Early Cretaceous diversificationSystematic Biology 53 496CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brenner, G. J. 1963 The spores and pollen of the Potomac Group of MarylandMaryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 27 1Google Scholar
Brenner, G. J. 1967 The gymnospermous affinity of Erdtman, 1948Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 5 123CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brenner, G. J. 1968 Middle Cretaceous spores and pollen from northeastern PeruPollen et Spores 10 341Google Scholar
Brenner, G. J. 1976 Middle Cretaceous floral provinces and early migration of angiospermsOrigin and Early Evolution of AngiospermsBeck, C. B.New YorkColumbia University Press23Google Scholar
Brenner, G. J.Bickoff, I. S. 1992 Palynology and the age of the Lower Cretaceous basal Kurnub Group from the coastal plain to the northern Negev of IsraelPalynology 16 137CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brenner, G. J. 1996 Evidence for the earliest stage of angiosperm pollen evolution: a paleoequatorial section from IsraelFlowering Plant Origin, Evolution and PhylogenyTaylor, D. W.Hickey, L. J.New YorkChapman & Hall91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brenner, R. L.Ludvigson, G. A.Witzke, B. J. 2000 Late Albian Kiowa–Skull Creek marine transgression, Lower Dakota Formation, eastern margin of Western Interior Seaway, U.S.AJournal of Sedimentary Research 70 868CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, R. W. 1939 Fossil leaves, fruits, and seeds of Journal of Paleontology 13 485Google Scholar
Brown, R. W. 1956 Palmlike plants from the Dolores Formation (Triassic) southwestern ColoradaUS Geological Survey Professional Papers 274 205Google Scholar
Bugdaeva, E. V. 1984 Flora and correlation of Turgian strata in TransbaikaliaGeologiya i Geofizika 11 22Google Scholar
Burger, D. 1980 Palynological studies in the Lower Cretaceous of the Surat Basin, AustraliaBureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics (Canberra), Bulletin 189 1Google Scholar
Burger, D. 1990 Early Cretaceous angiosperms from Queensland, AustraliaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 65 153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burger, W. C. 1977 The Piperales and the monocots; alternative hypotheses for the orgin of monocotyledonous flowersThe Botanical Review 43 345CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burleigh, J. G.Mathews, S. 2004 Phylogenetic signal in nucleotide data from seed plants: implications for resolving the seed plant tree of lifeAmerican Journal of Botany 91 1599CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burnham, R. J. 1989 Relationships between standing vegetation and leaf litter in a paratropical forest: implications for paleobotanyReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 58 5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cabrera, L. I.Salazar, G. A.Chase, M. W. 2008 Phylogenetic relationships of aroids and duckweeds (Araceae) inferred from coding and noncoding plastid DNAAmerican Journal of Botany 95 1153CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caldas, E. B.Martins Neto, R. G.Lima Filho, F. P. 1989 sp. (polén) no trato intestinal de vespa (Hymenoptera: Apocrita: Xyelidae) no Cretáceo da Bacia do AraripeAbstracts II Simpósio Nacional de Estudos Tectônicos, Sociedade Brasileira de Geología 11 195Google Scholar
Call, V. B.Dilcher, D. L. 1997 The fossil record of (Eucommiaceae) in North AmericaAmerican Journal of Botany 84 798CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calvillo-Canadell, L.Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. 2007 Reproductive structures of Rhamnaceae from the Cerro del Pueblo (Late Cretaceous, Coahuila) and Coatzingo (Oligocene, Puebla) Formations, MexicoAmerican Journal of Botany 94 1658CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, J. D.Holden, A. M. 1984 Miocene casuarinacean fossils from Southland and Central Otago, New ZealandNew Zealand Journal of Botany 22 159CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canright, J. E. 1952 The comparative morphology and relationships of the Magnoliaceae. I. Trends of specialization in the stamensAmerican Journal of Botany 39 484CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cantrill, D. J. 1995 The occurrence of the fern Dunker (Dipteridaceae) in the Cretaceous of Alexander Island, AntarcticaAlcheringa 19 243CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cantrill, D. J. 1996 Fern thickets from the Cretaceous of Alexander Island, Antarctica containing Douglas and sp. novCretaceous Research 17 169CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cantrill, D. J.Nichols, G. J. 1996 Taxonomy and palaeoecology of Early Cretaceous (Late Albian) angiosperm leaves from Alexander Island, AntarcticaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 92 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cantrill, D. J. 2000 A Cretaceous macroflora from a freshwater lake deposit, President Head, Snow Island, AntarcticaPalaeontographica 253 153Google Scholar
Cantrill, D. J.Poole, I. P. 2002 Cretaceous to Tertiary patterns of diversity change in the Antarctic PeninsulaGeological Society of London, Special Publication 194 141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cantrill, D. J.Poole, I. 2005 Taxonomic turnover and abundance in Cretaceous to Tertiary wood floras of Antarctica: implications for changes in forest ecologyPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 215 205CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cantrill, D. J.Wanntorp, L.Drinnan, A. N. 2011 Mesofossil flora from the Late Cretaceous of New ZealandCretaceous Research 32 164CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cao, Z.Wu, S.Zhang, P.Li, J. 1997 Discovery of fossil monocotyledons from Yixian Formation, western LiaoningChinese Science Bulletin 16 1764Google Scholar
Cao, Z.Wu, S.Zhang, P.Li, J. 1998 Discovery of fossil monocotyledons from Yixian Formation, western LiaoningChinese Science Bulletin 43 230CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caris, P.Ronse Decraene, L. P.Smets, E.Clinckemaillie, D. 2000 Floral development of three species, with special emphasis on the position of the genus within PrimulalesAnnals of Botany 86 87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlquist, S. 1983 Wood anatomy of (Winteraceae), with comments on origin of vessels in dicotyledonsAmerican Journal of Botany 70 578CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlquist, S. 1988 Comparative Wood Anatomy. Springer Series in Wood ScienceBerlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, TokyoSpringer-VerlagGoogle Scholar
Carlquist, S. 1996 Wood anatomy of primitive angiosperms: new perspectives and synthesesFlowering Plant Origin, Evolution and PhylogenyTaylor, D. W.Hickey, L. J.New YorkChapman & Hall68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlquist, S. 1996 Wood, bark, and stem anatomy of Gnetales: a summaryInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 157 S58CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlquist, S.Schneider, E. L. 2002 The tracheid-vessel element transition in angiosperms involves multiple independent features: cladistic consequencesAmerican Journal of Botany 89 185CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carpenter, F. M. 1992 Treatise of Invertebrate Paleontology (R), Arthropoda 4Lawrence, KSGeological Society of America, University of Kansas PressGoogle Scholar
Carpenter, R. J.Buchanan, A. M. 1993 Oligocene leaves, fruits and flowers of the Cunoniaceae from Cethana, TasmaniaAustralian Systematic Botany 6 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carpenter, R. J.Hill, R. S.Jordan, G. J. 1994 Cenozoic vegetation in Tasmania: macrofossil evidenceHistory of the Australian VegetationHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press276Google Scholar
Carpenter, R. J.Bannister, J. M.Jordan, G. J.Lee, D. E. 2010 Leaf fossils of Proteaceae tribe Persoonieae from the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene of New ZealandAustralian Systematic Botany 23 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castañeda-Posadas, C.Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. 2007 (Meliaceae) flower in Late Oligocene-Early Miocene amber from Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas, MexicoAmerican Journal of Botany 94 1821CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Césari, S. N.Marenssi, S. A.Santillana, S. N. 2001 Conifers from the Upper Cretaceous of Cape Lamb, Vega Island, AntarcticaCretaceous Research 22 309CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S.Stockey, R. A. 1988 Permineralized fruits and seeds from the Princeton chert (Middle Eocene) of British Columbia: AraceaeAmerican Journal of Botany 75 1099CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S.Stockey, R. A. 1990 Vegetative remains of the Magnoliaceae from the Princeton chert (Middle Eocene) of British ColumbiaCanadian Journal of Botany 68 1327CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S.Erwin, D. M.Stockey, R. A. 1993 Further observations on (Rosaceae) from the Middle Eocene Princeton chert of British Columbia, CanadaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 78 277CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chadwick, C. E. 1993 The roles of and Boh (Col., Curculionidae) in the pollination of (Zamiaceae)Proceedings of CYCAD 90, Second International Conference on Cycad BiologyStevenson, D. W.Norstog, N. J.Townsville, Queensland, AustraliaPalm and Cycad Societies of Australia77Google Scholar
Chaloner, W. G. 1969 Triassic spores and pollenAspects of PalynologyTschudy, R. H.Scott, R. A.New YorkWiley Interscience291Google Scholar
Chamberlain, C. J. 1913 , a connecting link between living and fossil cycadsBotanical Gazette 55 141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chamberlain, C. J. 1920 The living cycads and the phylogeny of seed plantsAmerican Journal of Botany 7 125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chamberlain, C. J. 1935 Gymnosperms: Structure and EvolutionChicago, ILUniversity of Chicago PressGoogle Scholar
Chandler, M. E. J. 1926 The Upper Eocene flora of Hordle, HantsPalæontographical Society Monograph 77 1Google Scholar
Chandler, M. E. J. 1954 Some Upper Cretaceous and Eocene fruits from EgyptBulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 2 147Google Scholar
Chandler, M. E. J. 1961 The Lower Tertiary Floras of Southern EnglandLondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandler, M. E. J.Axelrod, D. I. 1961 An Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian) angiosperm fruit from CaliforniaAmerican Journal of Science 259 441CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandler, M. E. J. 1964 The Lower Tertiary Floras of Southern EnglandLondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Chang, M.-M.Chen, P.-J.Wang, Y.-Q.Wang, Y.Mioa, D.-S. 2003 The Jehol BiotaShanghaiShanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers
Chapman, J. L.Smellie, J. L. 1992 Cretaceous fossil wood and palynomorphs from Williams Point, Livingston Island, Antarctic PeninsulaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 74 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charnov, E. L.Maynard-Smith, J.Bull, J. J. 1976 Why be an hermaphrodite?Nature 263 125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chase, M. W.Soltis, D. E.Olmstead, R. G. 1993 Phylogenetics of seed plants: an analysis of nucleotide sequences from the plastid gene LAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80 528CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chase, M. W.Soltis, D. E.Soltis, P. S. 2000 Higher-level systematics of the monocotyledons: an assessment of current knowledge and a new classificationMonocots. Systematics and EvolutionWilson, K. L.Morrison, D. A.MelbourneCSIRO3Google Scholar
Chase, M. W. 2004 Monocot relationships: an overviewAmerican Journal of Botany 91 1645CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chase, M. W.Fay, M. F.Devey, D. S. 2006 Multigene analyses of monocot relationships: a summaryAliso 22 63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chaw, S.-M.Zharkikh, A.Sung, H.-M.Lau, T.-C. 1997 Molecular phylogeny of extant gymnosperms and seed plant evolution: analysis of nuclear 18S rRNA sequencesMolecular Bioloy and Evolution 14 56CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chaw, S.-M.Parkinson, C. L.Cheng, Y.Vincent, T. M.Palmer, J. D. 2000 Seed plant phylogeny inferred from all three plant genomes: monophyly of extant gymnosperms and origin of Gnetales and conifersProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 97 4086CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, P.-J.Dong, Z.-M.Zhen, S.-N. 1998 An exceptionally well-preserved theropod dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of ChinaNature 391 147CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, P.-J. 2000 Palaeoenvironmental changes during the Cretaceous in eastern ChinaCretaceous Environments of AsiaOkada, H.Mateer, N. J.AmsterdamElsevier81Google Scholar
Chen, P.-J. 2003 Cretaceous biostratigraphy of ChinaBiostratigraphy of ChinaZhang, W.Chen, P.Palmer, A. R.BeijingScience Press465Google Scholar
Chesters, K. I. M. 1955 Some plant remains from the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary of West AfricaThe Annals and Magazine of Natural History498CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chitaley, S. D. 1954 On a fructification from the Intertrappean flora of the Madhya Pradesh, IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 3 9Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D. 1956 On the fructification of Rode from the Deccan Intertrappean Series of IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 5 56Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D. 1958 Seeds of Sahni from the Intertrappean beds of Mohgaon Kalan, IndiaThe Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 37 408Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D. 1960 fruits from the Deccan Intertrappeans of IndiaThe Bulletin of the Botanical Society 1 31Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D. 1968 On gen. et sp. nov. from IndiaThe Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 67 7Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D.Shallom, L. J.Mehta, N. V. 1969 , sp. nov. from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Mahurzari, IndiaJ. Sen Memorial VolumeSantapau, H.Ghosh, A. K.Roy, S. K.Chanda, S.Chaudhuri, S. K.CalcuttaJ. Sen Memorial Committee and Botanical Society of Bengal331Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D.Patil, G. V. 1970 A petrified leaf from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of IndiaJournal of Biological Sciences 13 30Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D.Patil, G. V. 1971 Reinvestigation of VermaThe Botanique 2 41Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D.Sheikh, M. T. 1973 gen. et sp. nov., a petrified gymnospermous cone from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of IndiaPalaeontographica 144 25Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D.Kate, U. R. 1974 On a new petrified flower gen. et sp. nov. from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 21 317Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D.Patel, M. Z. 1975 , a new petrified flower from IndiaPalaeontographica 153 141Google Scholar
Chitaley, S. D.Nambudiri, E. M. V. 1995 Anatomy of fruits reviewed from new specimens from the Deccan Intertrappean flora of IndiaGlobal Environment and Diversification of Plants through Geological TimesPant, D. D.Allahabad, IndiaSociety of Indian Plant Taxonomists83Google Scholar
Chmura, C. A. 1973 Upper Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) angiosperm pollen from the Western San Joaquin Valley, California, U.S.APalaeontographica 141 89Google Scholar
Christensen, W. K. 1975 Upper Cretaceous belemnites from the Kristianstad area in ScaniaFossils and Strata 7 1Google Scholar
Christophel, D. C.Basinger, J. F. 1982 Earliest floral evidence for the Ebenaceae in AustraliaNature 296 439CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christophel, D. C. 1984 Early Tertiary Proteaceae: the first floral evidence for the MusgraveinaeAustralian Journal of Botany 32 177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christophel, D. C. 1994 The early Tertiary macrofloras of continental AustraliaHistory of the Australian Vegetation: Cretaceous to RecentHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press262Google Scholar
Christopher, R. A. 1979 Normapolles and triporate pollen assemblages from the Raritan and Magothy Formations (Upper Cretaceous) of New JerseyPalynology 3 73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christopher, R. A. 1982 Palynostratigraphy of the basal Cretaceous units of the eastern Gulf and southern Atlantic Coastal PlainsSecond Symposium on the Geology of the Southeastern Coastal PlainArden, D. D.Beck, B. F.Morrow, E.Atlanta, GAGeorgia Geological Survey Circular10Google Scholar
Clark, J. S.Macklin, E.Wood, L. 1998 Stages and spatial scales of recruitment limitation in southern Appalachian forestsEcological Monographs 68 213CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coen, E. S.Meyerowitz, E. M. 1991 The war of the whorls: genetic interactions controlling flower developmentNature 353 31CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coetzee, J. A.Muller, J. 1984 The phytogeographic significance of some extinct Gondwana pollen types from the Tertiary of the southwestern Cape (South Africa)Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 1088CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coetzee, J. A.Praglowski, J. 1987 Winteraceae pollen from the Miocene of the southwesten Cape (South Africa)Grana 27 27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collinson, M. E. 1980 Recent and Tertiary seeds of the Nymphaeaceae with a revision of (Brong.) Reid and ChandlerAnnals of Botany 46 603CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collinson, M. E. 1982 A reassessment of fossil Potamogetoneae fruits with description of new material from Saudi ArabiaTertiary Research 4 83Google Scholar
Collinson, M. E. 1983 Fossil Plants of the London Clay. Palaeontological Association Field Guides to Fossils no. 1LondonThe Palaeontological AssociationGoogle Scholar
Collinson, M. E. 1983 Palaeofloristic assemblages and palaeoecology of the Lower Oligocene Bembridge Marls, Hamstead ledge, Isle of WightBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 86 177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collinson, M. E.Hooker, J. J. 1987 Vegetational and mammalian faunal changes in the Early Tertiary of southern EnglandThe Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological ConsequencesFriis, E. M.Chaloner, W. G.Crane, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press259Google Scholar
Collinson, M. E. 1988 Freshwater macrophytes in palaeolimnologyPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62 317CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collinson, M. E. 1989 The fossil history of the Moraceae, Urticaceae (including Cecropiaceae), and CannabaceaeThe Evolution, Systematics and Fossil History of the HamamelidaeCrane, P. R.Blackmore, S.OxfordClarendon Press319Google Scholar
Collinson, M. E. 1993 Taphonomy and fruiting biology of Recent and fossil Special Papers in Palaeontology 49 165Google Scholar
Collinson, M. E.Boulter, M. C.Holmes, P. L. 1993 Magnoliophyta (???Angiospermae???)The Fossil Record 2Benton, M. J.LondonChapman & Hall809Google Scholar
Collinson, M. E.Kvaček, Z.Zastawniak, E. 2002 The aquatic plants (Salviniales) and (Arales) from the Late Miocene flora of Sosnica (Poland)Acta Palaeobotanica 41 253Google Scholar
Collinson, M. E.Van Bergen, P. F. 2004 Evolution of angiosperm fruit and seed dispersal biology and ecophysiology: morphological, anatomical and chemical evidence from fossilsThe Evolution of Plant PhysiologyHemsley, A. R.Poole, I.LondonLinnean Society of London343CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Columbus, J. T.Friar, E. A.Porter, J. M.Prince, L. M.Simpson, M. G. 2006 Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution (excluding Poales)Claremont, CARancho Santa Ana Botanic GardenGoogle Scholar
Conwentz, H. 1886 Die Flora des BernsteinsLeipzigWilhelm EngelmannGoogle Scholar
Cook, C. D. K. 1998 PontederiaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag395Google Scholar
Cook, C. D. K. 1998 ButomaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag100Google Scholar
Corner, E. J. H. 1976 The Seeds of DicotyledonsCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Cornet, B. 1986 The leaf venation and reproductive structures of a Late Triassic angiosperm, Evolutionary Theory 7 231Google Scholar
Cornet, B. 1989 Late Triassic angiosperm-like pollen from the Richmond Rift Basin of Virginia, U.S.APalaeontographica 213 37Google Scholar
Cornet, B. 1989 The reproductive morphology and biology of , and its bearing on angiosperm evolution in the Late TriassicEvolutionary Trends in Plants 3 http://bcornet.tripod.com/evtrend/Sanmig2.htmGoogle Scholar
Cornet, B.Habib, D. 1992 Angiosperm-like pollen from the ammonite-dated Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) of FranceReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 71 269CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coulter, J. M.Chamberlain, C. J. 1917 Morphology of GymnospermsChicago, ILUniversity of Chicago PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Couper, R. A. 1953 Upper Mesozoic and Cainozoic spores and pollen from New ZealandNew Zealand Geological Survey, Palaeontological Bulletin 22 1Google Scholar
Couper, R. A. 1956 Evidence for a possible gymnospermous affinity for ErdtmanNew Phytologist 55 280CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Couper, R. A. 1958 British Mesozoic microspores and pollen grains. A systematic and stratigraphic studyPalaeontographica 103 75Google Scholar
Couper, R. A. 1960 New Zealand Mesozoic and Cainozoic plant microfossilsNew Zealand Geological Survey, Palaeontological Bulletin 32 1Google Scholar
Crabtree, D. R. 1987 Angiosperms of the northern Rocky Mountains: Albian to Campanian (Cretaceous) megafossil florasAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 74 707CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crame, J. A.Francis, J. E.Cantrill, D. J.Pirrie, D. 2004 Maastrichtian stratigraphy of AntarcticaCretaceous Research 25 411CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R. 1981 Betulaceous leaves and fruits from the British Upper PaleoceneBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 83 103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Manchester, S. R. 1982 An extinct juglandaceous fruit from the Upper Palaeocene of southern EnglandBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 85 89CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R. 1984 A re-evaluation of -like plant fossils from the British Lower TertiaryBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 89 199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Dilcher, D. L. 1984 Lesqueria: . Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 384
Crane, P. R. 1985 Phylogenetic analysis of seed plants and the origin of angiospermsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 72 716CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R. 1985 Phylogenetic relationships in seed plantsCladistics 1 329CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Stockey, R. A. 1985 Growth and reproductive biology of gen. et sp. nov., a -like plant from the Late Paleocene of Alberta, CanadaCanadian Journal of Botany 63 340CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R. 1986 Form and function in wind dispersed pollenPollen and Spores: Form and FunctionBlackmore, S.Ferguson, I. K.LondonAcademic Press179Google Scholar
Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 1986 Lower Cretaceous angiosperm flowers: fossil evidence on early radiation of dicotyledonsScience 232 852CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crane, P. R.Stockey, R. A. 1986 Morphology and development of pistillate inflorescences in extant and fossil CercidiphyllaceaeAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 73 382CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R. 1987 Vegetational consequences of the angiosperm diversificationThe Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological ConsequencesFriis, E. M.Chaloner, W. G.Crane, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press107Google Scholar
Crane, P. R.Upchurch, G. R. 1987 gen. et sp. nov., an early Cretaceous member of Gnetales from the Potomac Group of VirginiaAmerican Journal of Botany 74 1722CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R. 1988 Major clades and relationships in the ???higher??? gymnospermsOrigin and Evolution of GymnospermsBeck, C. B.New YorkColumbia University Press218Google Scholar
Crane, P. R.Manchester, S. R.Dilcher, D. L. 1988 Morphology and phylogenetic significance of the angiosperm from the Palaeocene of ScotlandPalaeontology 31 503Google Scholar
Crane, P. R. 1989 Paleobotanical evidence on the early radiation of nonmagnoliid dicotyledonsPlant Systematics and Evolution 162 165CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Blackmore, S. 1989 The Evolution, Systematics and Fossil History of the HamamelidaeOxfordOxford University PressGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R. &Blackmore, S. 1989 The Evolution, Systematics and Fossil History of the HamamelidaeOxfordOxford University PressGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Doyle, J. A.Donoghue, M. J.Friis, E. M. 1989 Angiosperm originsNature 342CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 1989 Reproductive structure and function in Cretaceous ChloranthaceaePlant Systematics and Evolution 165 211CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Lidgard, S. 1989 Angiosperm diversification and palaeolatitudinal gradients in Cretaceous floristic diversityScience 246 675CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Lidgard, S. 1990 Angiosperm radiation and patterns of Cretaceous palynological diversityEvolutionary RadiationsTaylor, P. D.Larwood, G. P.OxfordOxford University Press377Google Scholar
Crane, P. R.Manchester, S. R.Dilcher, D. L. 1990 A preliminary survey of fossil leaves and well-preserved reproductive structures from the Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene) near Almont, North DakotaFieldiana, Geology New Series 20 1Google Scholar
Crane, P. R.Manchester, S. R.Dilcher, D. L. 1991 Reproductive and vegetative structure of (Trochodendraceae), a vesselless dicotyledon from the Early Tertiary of the Northern HemisphereAmerican Journal of Botany 78 1311CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M.Drinnan, A. N. 1993 Early Cretaceous (Early to Middle Albian) platanoid inflorescences associated with leaves from the Potomac Group of Eastern North AmericaSystematic Botany 18 328CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 1994 Paleobotanical evidence on the early radiation of magnoliid angiospermsPlant Systematics and Evolution 8 51Google Scholar
Crane, P. R. 1996 The fossil history of GnetalesInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 157 S50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Herendeen, P. S. 1996 Cretaceous floras containing angiosperm flowers and fruits from eastern North AmericaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 90 319CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Kenrick, P. 1997 Diverted development of reproductive organs: a source of morphological innovation in land plantsPlant Systematics and Evolution 206 161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, P. R.Herendeen, P. S.Friis, E. M. 2004 Fossils and plant phylogenyAmerican Journal of Botany 91 1683CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crane, P. R.Herendeen, P. S. 2009 Bennettitales from the Grisethorpe Bed (Middle Jurassic) at Cayton Bay, Yorkshire, UKAmerican Journal of Botany 96 284CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cranwell, L. M. 1959 Fossil pollen from Seymour Island, AntarcticaNature 184 1782CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crawley, M. 2001 Angiosperm woods from British Lower Cretaceous and Palaeogene depositsSpecial Papers in Palaeontology 66 1Google Scholar
Creber, G. T.Chaloner, W. G. 1985 Tree growth in the Mesozoic and Early Tertiary and the reconstruction of palaeoclimatesPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 52 35CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L. 1972 Investigations of North America cycadeoids: pollination mechanisms in American Journal of Botany 59 1048CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Delevoryas, T. 1972 Investigations of North American cycadeoids: early ovule ontogenyAmerican Journal of Botany 59 209CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L. 1974 Investigations of North American cycadeoids: the reproductive biology of Palaeontographica 148 144Google Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Dilcher, D. L.Potter, F. W. 1974 Eocene angiosperm flowersScience 185 781CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crepet, W. L.Dilcher, D. L.Potter, F. W. 1975 Investigations of angiosperms from the Eocene of southeastern North America: a catkin with juglandaceous affinitiesAmerican Journal of Botany 62 813CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Dilcher, D. L. 1977 Investigations of angiosperms from the Eocene of North America: a mimosoid inflorescenceAmerican Journal of Botany 64 714CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L. 1978 Investigations of angiosperms from the Eocene of North America: an aroid inflorescenceReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 25 241CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L. 1979 Insect pollination: a paleontological perspectiveBioScience 29 102CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Daghlian, C. P. 1982 Euphorbioid inflorescences from the Middle Eocene Clairborne FormationAmerican Journal of Botany 69 258CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L. 1984 Advanced (constant) insect pollination mechanisms: pattern of evolution and implications vis-à-vis angiosperm diversityAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 607CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Taylor, D. W. 1985 The diversification of the Leguminosae: first fossil evidence of the Mimosoideae and PapilionoideaeScience 228 1087CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crepet, W. L.Taylor, D. W. 1986 Primitive mimosoid flowers from the Paleocene-Eocene and their systematic and evolutionary implicationsAmerican Journal of Botany 73 548CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Friis, E. M. 1987 The evolution of insect pollination in angiospermsThe Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological ConsequencesFriis, E. M.Chaloner, W. G.Crane, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press181Google Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Feldman, G. D. 1991 The earliest remains of grasses in the fossil recordAmerican Journal of Botany 78 1010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Herendeen, P. S. 1992 Papilionoid flowers from the early Eocene of southeastern North AmericaAdvances in Legume SystematicsHerendeen, P. S.Dilcher, D. L.KewRoyal Botanic Gardens43Google Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C.Friis, E. M.Freudenstein, J. V. 1992 The oldest flowers of hamamelidaceous affinity, from the Upper Cretaceous of New Jersey, North AmericaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 89 8986CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C. 1994 Flowers of Turonian Magnoliidae and their implicationsPlant Systematics and Evolution 8 73Google Scholar
Crepet, W. L. 1996 Timing in the evolution of derived floral characters: Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) taxa with tricolpate and tricolpate-derived pollenReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 90 339CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C. 1998 Fossil Clusiaceae from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of New Jersey and implications regarding the history of bee pollinationAmerican Journal of Botany 85 1122CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C. 1998 Two new fossil flowers of magnoliid affinity from the Late Cretaceous of New JerseyAmerican Journal of Botany 85 1273CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C.Gandolfo, M. A. 2004 Fossil evidence and phylogeny: the age of major angiosperm clades based on mesofossil and macrofossil evidence from Cretaceous depositsAmerican Journal of Botany 91 1666CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C.Gandolfo, M. A. 2005 An extinct calycanthoid taxon, , from the Late Cretaceous of New JerseyAmerican Journal of Botany 92 1475CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cridland, A. A. 1957 , a new species of bennettitalean flowerAnnals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 12 10 383CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cronquist, A. 1968 The Evolution and Classification of Flowering PlantsLondonNelsonGoogle Scholar
Cronquist, A. 1981 An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering PlantsNew YorkColumbia University PressGoogle Scholar
Cronquist, A. 1988 The Evolution and Classification of Flowering PlantsNew YorkNew York Botanical Garden, BronxGoogle Scholar
Cruickshank, R. D.Ko, K. 2003 Geology of an amber locality in the Hukawng Valley, northern MyanmarJournal of Asian Earth Sciences 21 441CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Czeczott, H. 1951 Srodkowo-miocenska flora Zalesiec kolo Wisniowca. 1Acta Geologica Polonica 2 349Google Scholar
Daber, R. 1968 A --Matoniaceae community within the Quedlinburg Estuary of Lower Cretaceous ageThe Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) 61 75CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daber, R. 1990 Zur Paläogeographie und Biologie von im Hauterive-Barrême (Unterkreide)Feddes Repertorium 101 319CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daghlian, C. P. 1978 Coryphoid palms from the Lower and Middle Eocene of southeastern North AmericaPalaeontographica 166 44Google Scholar
Daghlian, C. P.Crepet, W. L.Delevoryas, T. 1980 Investigations of Tertiary angiosperms: a new flora including from the Oligocene of Eastern TexasAmerican Journal of Botany 67 309CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daghlian, C. P. 1981 A review of the fossil record of monocotyledonsThe Botanical Review 47 517CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahlgren, R. M. T. 1980 A revised system of classification of the angiospermsBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 80 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahlgren, R. M. T. 1983 General aspects of angiosperm evolution and macrosystematicsNordic Journal of Botany 3 119CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahlgren, R. M. T.Clifford, H. T.Yeo, P. F. 1985 The Families of the Monocotyledons: Structure, Evolution, and TaxonomyBerlinSpringer-VerlagCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dam, G.Nøhr-Hansen, H.Pedersen, G. K.Sønderholm, M. 2000 Sedimentary and structural evidence of a new early Campanian rift phase in the Nuussuaq Basin, West GreenlandCretaceous Research 21 127CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dam, G.Pedersen, G. K.Sønderholm, M. 2009 Lithostratigraphy of the Cretaceous–Paleocene Nuussuaq Group, Nuussuaq Basin, West GreenlandGeological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 19 1Google Scholar
Davis, C. C.Latvis, M.Nickrent, D. L.Wurdack, K. J.Baum, D. A. 2007 Floral gigantism in RafflesiaceaeScience 315CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dawson, J. W. 1886 On the Mesozoic floras of the Rocky Mountain Region of CanadaProceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada 3 1Google Scholar
Debey, M. H. 1848 Uebersicht der urweltlichen Pflanzen des Kreidegebirges überhaupt und der Aachener Kreideschichten insbesondereVerhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereines des Preussischen Rheinlandes 5 113Google Scholar
DeConto, R. M.Brady, E. C.Bergengren, J.Hay, W. H. 2000 Late Cretaceous climate, vegetation, and ocean interactionWarm Climates in Earth HistoryHuber, B. T.MacLeod, K. G.Wing, S. L.CambridgeCambridge University Press275Google Scholar
DeConto, R. M.Thompson, S. L.Pollard, D. 2000 Recent advances in paleoclimate modeling: toward better simulations of warm paleoclimatesWarm Climates in Earth HistoryHuber, B. T.MacLeod, K. G.Wing, S. L.CambridgeCambridge University Press21Google Scholar
DeConto, R. M.Pollard, D. 2003 Rapid Cenozoic glaciation of Antarctica induced by declining atmospheric CO2Nature 421 245CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dejax, J. 1987 Sur la présence de grains de pollen à sculpture crotonoide dans le Crétacé inférieur du CongoMémoires et Travaux de l'Institut de Montpellier, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes 17 253Google Scholar
Dejax, J.Brunet, M. 1996 Les flores fossiles du bassin D'Hama-Koussou, crétacé inférieur du nord-Cameroun: Correlations biochronologiques avec le fossé de la Bénoué, implication paléogéographiques. Géologie de l'Afrique et de l'Atlantique Sud: Actes Colloques Angers, 1994Bulletin Centres Recherches Exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine 16 145Google Scholar
Dejax, J.Pons, D.Yans, J. 2007 Palynology of the dinosaur-bearing Wealden facies in the natural pit of Bernissart (Belgium)Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 144 25CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Del Tredici, P. 1989 Ginkgos and multituberculates: evolutionary interactions in the TertiaryBiosystems 22 327CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Del Tredici, P. 2007 The phenology of sexual reproduction in : ecological and evolutionary implicationsThe Botanical Review 73 267CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delevoryas, T. 1959 Investigations of North American cycadeoids: American Journal of Botany 46 657CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delevoryas, T. 1963 Investigations of North American cycadeoids: cones of American Journal of Botany 50 45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delevoryas, T. 1964 Two petrified angiosperms from the Upper Cretaceous of South DakotaJournal of Paleontology 38 584Google Scholar
Delevoryas, T. 1965 Investigations of North American cycadeoids: microsporangiate structures and phylogenetic implicationsThe Palaeobotanist 14 89Google Scholar
Delevoryas, T. 1968 Some aspects of cycadeoid evolutionBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 61 137CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delevoryas, T.Hope, R. C. 1976 More evidence for a slender growth habit in Mesozoic cycadophytesReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 21 93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delevoryas, T.Mickle, J. E. 1995 Upper Cretaceous magnoliaceous fruit from British ColumbiaAmerican Journal of Botany 82 763CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denk, T.Dillhoff, R. M. 2005 leaves and fruits from the Early–Middle Eocene of northwestern North America: systematics and implications for character evolution within UlmaceaeCanadian Journal of Botany 83 1663CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denk, T.Oh, I.-C. 2005 Phylogeny of Schisandraceae based on morphological data: evidence from modern plants and the fossil recordPlant Systematics and Evolution 256 113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denk, T.Tekleva, M. V. 2006 Comparative pollen morphology and ultrastructure of : implications for phylogeny and evaluation of the fossil recordGrana 45 195CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denk, T.Grimm, G. W. 2009 The biogeographic history of beech treesReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 158 83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dettmann, M. E. 1973 Angiospermous pollen from Albian to Turonian sediments of eastern AustraliaGeological Society of Australia Special Publication 4 3Google Scholar
Dettmann, M. E. 1986 Early Cretaceous palynoflora of subsurface strata correlative with the Koonwarra Fossil Bed, VictoriaPlants and Invertebrates from the Lower Cretaceous Koonwarra Fossil Beds, South Gippsland, VictoriaJell, P. A.Roberts, J.SydneyAssociation of Australasian Palaeontologists79Google Scholar
Dettmann, M. E.Thomson, M. R. A. 1987 Cretaceous palynomorphs from James Ross Island area – a pilot studyBritish Antarctic Survey Bulletin 77 13Google Scholar
Dettmann, M. E.Pocknall, D. T.Romero, E. J.del Carmen Zamaloa, M. 1990 Erdtman ex Potonié, 1960; a catalogue of species with notes on the paleogeographic distribution of Bl. (Southern Beech)New Zealand Geological Survey, Palaeontological Bulletin 60 1Google Scholar
Dettmann, M. E.Jarzen, D. M. 1991 Pollen evidence for Late Cretaceous differentiation of Proteaceae in southern polar forestsCanadian Journal of Botany 69 901CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dettmann, M. E. 1994 Cretaceous vegetation: the microfossil recordHistory of the Australian Vegetation: Cretaceous to RecentHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press143Google Scholar
Dettmann, M. E.Jarzen, D. M. 1996 Pollen of proteaceous-type from latest Cretaceous sediments, southeastern AustraliaAlcheringa 20 103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dettmann, M. E. 1998 Pollen morphology of Eidotheoideae: implications for phylogeny in the ProteaceaeAustralian Systematic Botany 11 605CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dettmann, M. E.Clifford, H. T. 2000 Monocotyledon fruits and seeds, and an associated palynoflora from Eocene-Oligocene sediments of coastal central Quensland, AustraliaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 110 141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dettmann, M. E.Clifford, H. T.Peters, M. 2009 gen. et sp. nov. – Early Cretaceous (late Albian), anatomically preserved, angiosperm flowers and fruits from the Winton Formation, western QueenslandCretaceous Research 30 339CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeVore, M. L.Pigg, K. B. 2007 A brief review of the fossil history of the family Rosaceae with a focus on the Eocene Okanogan Highlands of eastern Washington State, USA, and British Columbia, CanadaPlant Systematics and Evolution 266 45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dickison, W. C. 1975 The bases of angiosperm phylogeny: vegetative anatomyAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 62 590CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diéguez, C.Martín-Closas, C.Trincão, P.Lopéz-Morón, N. 1995 IV. Paleontology. 1 Flora. In Field Trip Guide BookMeléndez, M. N.MadridUniversidad Complutense de Madrid29Google Scholar
Diéguez, C.Meléndez, N. 2000 Early Cretaceous ferns from lacustrine limestones at Las Hoyas, Cuenca Province, SpainPalaeontology 43 1113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diéguez, C.Peyrot, D.Barrón, E. 2010 Floristic and vegetational changes in the Iberian Peninsula during Jurassic and CretaceousReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 162 325CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diez, J. B.Sender, L. M.Villanueva-Amadoz, U.Ferrer, J.Rubio, C. 2005 New data regarding : soral clusters and the spore developmental processReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 135 99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dijkstra, S. J. 1949 Megaspores and some other fossils from the Aachenian (Senonian) in south Limburg, NetherlandsMededeelingen van de geologische Stichting, Nieuwe Serie 3 19Google Scholar
Dilcher, D. L. 1973 A paleoclimatic interpretation of the Eocene floras of southeastern North AmericaVegetation and Vegetational History of Northern Latin AmericaGraham, A.Amsterdam, London, New YorkElsevier39Google Scholar
Dilcher, D. L. 1974 Approaches to the identification of angiosperm leaf remainsThe Botanical Review 40 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dilcher, D. L.Daghlian, C. P. 1977 Investigations of angiosperms from the Eocene of south-eastern North America: leaf remainsAmerican Journal of Botany 64 526CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dilcher, D. L. 1979 Early angiosperm reproduction: an introductory reportReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 27 291CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dilcher, D. L.Crane, P. R. 1984 : an early angiosperm from the Cenomanian of the Western Interior of North AmericaAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 351CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dilcher, D. L.Crane, P. R. 1984 In pursuit of the first flowerNatural History Magazine 93 56Google Scholar
Dilcher, D. L.Kovach, W. L. 1986 Early angiosperm reproduction: gen. et sp. nov., a new fructification from the Dakota Formation (Cenomanian) of KansasAmerican Journal of Botany 73 1230CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dilcher, D. L. 1989 The occurrence of fruits with affinity to Ceratophyllaceae in Lower and mid-Cretaceous sedimentsAmerican Journal of Botany 76Google Scholar
Dilcher, D. L.Basson, P. W. 1990 Mid-Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from a new fossil locality in LebanonBotanical Gazette 151 538CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dilcher, D. L.Herendeen, P. S.Hueber, F. M. 1992 Fossil flowers with attached anther glands from Dominican Republic amberAdvances in Legume SystematicsHerendeen, P. S.Dilcher, D. L.KewRoyal Botanic Gardens34Google Scholar
Dilcher, D. L.Bernardes-De-Oliveira, M. E.Pons, D.Lott, T. A. 2005 Welwitschiaceae from the Lower Cretaceous of northeastern BrazilAmerican Journal of Botany 92 1294CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dilcher, D. L.Sun, G.Ji, Q.Li, H. 2007 An early infructescence (comb. nov.) from the Yixian Formation in northeastern ChinaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 104 9370CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dilcher, D. L.Wang, H. 2009 An Early Cretaceous fruit with affinities to CeratophyllaceaeAmerican Journal of Botany 96 2256CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dinis, J. L.Trincão, P. 1995 Recognition and stratigraphical significance of the Aptian unconformity in the Lusitanian Basin, PortugalCretaceous Research 16 171CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dinis, J. L. 1999 Estratigraphia sedimentologia da forma????o de Figueira da FozAptiano a Cenomaniano do sector norte da Bacia LusitânicaCoimbraPhD Thesis, Departemento de Ci??ncias da Terra, University of Coimbra1Google Scholar
Dinis, J. L. 2001 Definicão da Formacão da Figueira da Foz – Aptiano a Cenomaniano do sector central da margem oeste ibérica /Definition of the Figueira da Foz Formation – Aptian to Cenomanian of the central sector of the western Iberian marginComunicações Instituto Geológico e Mineiro 88 127Google Scholar
Dinis, J. L.Rey, J.Graciansky, P.-C. de 2002 Le bassin lusitanien (Portugal) à l'Aptien supérieur-Albien: organisation séquentielle, proposition de corrélations, évolutionComptes Rendus Geoscience 334 757CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diniz, F. 1967 Spores a flagelles nouvelles pour le Crétacé du PortugalPollen et Spores 9 569Google Scholar
Diniz, F.Kedves, M.Simoncsics, P. 1974 Les sporomorphes principaux de sédiments crétacés de Vila Flor et de Carrajão, PortugalComunicações dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal 48 161Google Scholar
Dino, R.Pocknall, D. T.Dettmann, M. E. 1999 Morphology and ultrastructure of elater-bearing pollen from the Albian to Cenomanian of Brazil and Ecuador: implications for botanical affinityReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 105 201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dischinger, J. B. 1987 Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic stratigraphic and structural framework near Hopewell, VirginiaUS Geological Survey Bulletin 1567 1Google Scholar
Dobruskina, I. A. 1996 Connections of Israeli Upper Cretaceous flora with coeval floras of adjacent regionsRheedea 6 43Google Scholar
Dobruskina, I. A. 1997 Turonian plants from the southern Negev, IsraelCretaceous Research 18 87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doludenko, M. P.Orlovskaya, E. R. 1976 Jurassic Flora of the KaratauMoscowNaukaGoogle Scholar
Donoghue, M. J. 1989 Phylogenies and the analysis of evolutionary sequences, with examples from seed plantsEvolution 43 1137CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Donoghue, M. J.Doyle, J. A. 1989 Phylogenetic studies of seed plants and angiosperms based on morphological charactersThe Hierarchy of LifeFernholm, B.Bremer, K.Jörnwall, H.Amsterdam, New York, OxfordExcerpta Medica181Google Scholar
Donoghue, M. J.Doyle, J. A. 1989 Phylogenetic analysis of angiosperms and the relationships of HamamelidaeEvolution, Systematics, and Fossil History of the HamamelidaeCrane, P. R.Blackmore, S.OxfordClarendon Press17Google Scholar
Dorofeev, P. I. 1963 Treticnye Flory Zapadnoj SibiriMoscow and LeningradAkademia Nauk SSSR (in Russian)Google Scholar
Dorofeev, P. I. 1970 Treticnye Flory UralaLeningradNaukaGoogle Scholar
Dorofeev, P. I. 1973 Systematics of ancestral forms of Paleontological Journal 7 219Google Scholar
Dorofeev, P. I. 1974 NymphaealesIskopaemye Cvetkovye Rastenija SSSR 1 Takhtajan, A.LeningradNauka52Google Scholar
Dorofeev, P. I. 1974 LiriodendronIskopaemye Cvetkovye Rastenija SSSR 1 Takhtajan, A.LeningradNauka18Google Scholar
Dorofeev, P. I. 1976 K sistematike neogenovych BelorusiiDoklady Akademia Nauk 20 1036Google Scholar
Dorofeev, P. I. 1983 Dva novych vida iz treticnych otlozenii SSSRBotanicheskij Zhurnal 68 1401Google Scholar
Dorofeev, P. I. 1988 Miocenovye Flory Tambovskoi OblastiLeningradNaukaGoogle Scholar
Douglas, A. W.Tucker, S. C. 1996 The developmental basis of diverse carpel orientations in Grevilleoideae (Proteaceae)International Journal of Plant Sciences 157 373CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Douglas, A. W.Tucker, S. C. 1996 Comparative floral ontogenies among Persoonioideae including (Proteaceae)American Journal of Botany 83 1528CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Douglas, J. G. 1969 The Mesozoic floras of Victoria. Parts I and 2Geological Survey of Victoria, Memoir 28 1Google Scholar
Douglas, J. G. 1986
Douglas, J. G. 1994 Cretaceous vegetation: the macrofossil recordHistory of the Australian VegetationHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press171Google Scholar
Doyle, J.O'Leary, M. 1935 Pollination in , , , and Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society 21 191Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 1969 Cretaceous angiosperm pollen of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and its evolutionary significanceJournal of the Arnold Arboretum 50 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 1973 Fossil evidence on early evolution of the monocotyledonsQuarterly Review of Biology 48 399CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Van Campo, M.Lugardon, B. 1975 Observations on exine structure of and Lower Cretaceous angiosperm pollenPollen et Spores 17 429Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Hickey, L. J. 1976 Pollen and leaves from the mid-Cretaceous Potomac Group and their bearing on early angiosperm evolutionOrigin and Early Evolution of AngiospermsBeck, C. B.New YorkColumbia University Press139Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 1977 Patterns of evolution in early angiospermsPatterns of EvolutionHallam, A.AmsterdamElsevier501Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Biens, P.Doerenkamp, A.Jardiné, S. 1977 Angiosperm pollen from the pre-Albian Lower Cretaceous of Equatorial AfricaBulletin Centres Recherches Exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine 1 451Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Robbins, E. I. 1977 Angiosperm pollen zonation of the continental Cretaceous of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and its application to deep wells in the Salisbury EmbaymentPalynology 1 43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Jardiné, S.Doerenkamp, A. 1982 , a new genus of early angiosperm pollen, with notes on the Cretaceous palynostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of northern GondwanaBulletin Centres Recherches Exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine 6 39Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Donoghue, M. J. 1985 Relationships of angiosperms and Gnetales: a numerical cladistic analysisSystematic and Taxonomic Approaches in Palaeobotany 31 Spicer, R. A.Thomas, B. A.OxfordClarendon Press177Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Donoghue, M. J. 1986 Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of angiosperms: an experimental cladistic approachThe Botanical Review 52 321CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Donoghue, M. J. 1987 The origin of angiosperms: a cladistic approachThe Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological ConsequencesFriis, E. M.Chaloner, W. G.Crane, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press17Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Hotton, C. L.Ward, J. V. 1990 Early Cretaceous tetrads, zonasulculate pollen, and Winteraceae. I. Taxonomy, morphology, and ultrastructureAmerican Journal of Botany 77 1544CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Hotton, C. L.Ward, J. V. 1990 Early Cretaceous tetrads, zonasulculate pollen, and Winteraceae. II. Cladistic analysis and implicationsAmerican Journal of Botany 77 1558CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Hotton, C. L. 1991 Diversification of early angiosperm pollen in a cladistic contextPollen and Spores, Patterns of DiversityBlackmore, S.Barnes, S. H.OxfordClarendon Press169Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 1992 Revised palynological correlations of the lower Potomac Group (USA) and the Cocobeach sequence of Gabon (Barremian-Aptian)Cretaceous Research 13 337CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Donoghue, M. J. 1992 Fossils and seed plant phylogeny reanalyzedBrittonia 44 89CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Donoghue, M. J. 1993 Phylogenies and angiosperm diversificationPaleobiology 19 141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Donoghue, M. J.Zimmer, E. A. 1994 Integration of morphological and ribosomal RNA data on the origin of angiospermsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 81 419CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Le Thomas, A. 1994 Cladistic analysis and pollen evolution in AnnonaceaeActa Botanica Gallica 141 149CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 1996 Seed plant phylogeny and the relationships of GnetalesInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 157 S3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Le Thomas, A. 1996 Phylogenetic analysis and character evolution in AnnonaceaeBulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 4e Série, Section B, Adansonia 3 279Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 1999 The rise of angiosperms as seen in the African Cretaceous pollen recordProceedings of the 3rd Conference on African Palynology, Johannesburg 14–19 September 1997. Palaeoecology of Africa and the Surrounding IslandsHeine, K.RotterdamA.A. Balkema3Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 2000 Paleobotany, relationships, and geographic history of WinteraceaeAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 87 303CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Endress, P. K. 2000 Morphological phylogenetic analysis of basal angiosperms: comparison and combination with molecular dataInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 S121CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Eklund, H.Herendeen, P. S. 2003 Floral evolution in Chloranthaceae: implications of a morphological phylogenetic analysisInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 164 S365CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 2005 Early evolution of angiosperm pollen as inferred from molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysesGrana 44 227CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A. 2006 Seed ferns and the origin of angiospermsJournal of the Torrey Botanical Society 133 169CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Endress, P. K.Upchurch, G. R. 2008 Early Cretaceous monocots: a phylogenetic evaluationSborník Národního Muzea v Praze, B 64 59Google Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Manchester, S. R.Sauquet, H. 2008 A seed related to Myristicaceae in the Early Eocene of Southern EnglandSystematic Botany 33 636CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, J. A.Endress, P. K. 2010 Integrating Early Cretaceous fossils into the phylogeny of living angiosperms: Magnoliidae and eudicotsJournal of Systematics and Evolution 48 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dransfield, N. W.Uhl, N. W.Asmussen, C. B. 2008 Genera Palmarum: The Evolution and Classification of PalmsKewRoyal Botanic GardensGoogle Scholar
Drinnan, A. N.Chambers, T. C. 1985 A reassessment of from the Victorian Early Cretaceous: a member of the Pentoxylales and a significant Gondwanaland plantAustralian Journal of Botany 33 89CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drinnan, A. N.Chambers, T. C. 1986 Flora of the Lower Cretaceous Koonwarra Fossil Bed (Korumburra Group), South Gippsland, VictoriaMemoir of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 3 1Google Scholar
Drinnan, A. N.Crane, P. R. 1989 Cretaceous paleobotany and its bearing on the biostratigraphy of Austral angiospermsAntarctic PaleobiologyTaylor, T. N.Taylor, E. L.New YorkSpringer-Verlag192Google Scholar
Drinnan, A. N.Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 1990 Lauraceous flowers from the Potomac Group (mid-Cretaceous) of eastern North AmericaBotanical Gazette 151 370CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drinnan, A. N.Crane, P. R.Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M. 1991 Angiosperm flowers and tricolpate pollen of buxaceous affinity from the Potomac Group (mid-Cretaceous) of eastern North AmericaAmerican Journal of Botany 78 153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drinnan, A. N.Crane, P. R.Hoot, S. B. 1994 Patterns of floral evolution in the early diversification of non-magnoliid dicotyledons (eudicots)Plant Systematics and Evolution 8 93Google Scholar
Drozdzewski, G.Hartkopf-Fröder, C.Lange, F.-G. 1998 Vorläufige Mitteilung über unterkretazischen Tiefenkarst im Wülfrather Massenkalk (Rheinisches Schiefergebirge)Mitteilungen des Verband der deutscher Höhlen- und Karstforscher 44 54Google Scholar
Duan, S. 1998 The oldest angiosperm – a tricarpous female reproductive fossil from western Liaoning Province, NE ChinaScience in China 41 14CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duarte, L.Santos, R. S. 1993 Plant and fish megafossils of the Codó Formation, Parnaíba Basin, NE BrazilCretaceous Research 14 735CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunker, W. 1846 Monographie der Norddeutschen Wealdenbildung. Ein Beitrag zur Geognosie und Naturgeschichte der VorweltBraunschweigOehme und M??llerGoogle Scholar
Dusén, P. 1908 Über die tertiäre Flora der Seymour-InselWissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Südpolar-Expedition, 1901–1903 3 1Google Scholar
Dutra, T. L.Batten, D. J. 2000 Upper Cretaceous floras of King George Island, West Antarctica, and their palaeoenvironmental and phytogeographic implicationsCretaceous Research 21 181CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eames, A. J. 1952 Relationships of EphedralesPhytomorphology 2 79Google Scholar
Eames, A. J. 1961 Morphology of the AngiospermsNew YorkMcGraw-HillCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ehrendorfer, F. 1976 Evolutionary significance of chromosome differentiation patterns in gymnosperms and primitive angiospermsOrigin and Early Evolution of AngiospermsBeck, C. B.New YorkColumbia University Press220Google Scholar
Ehrlich, P. R.Raven, P. H. 1964 Butterflies and plants: a study in coevolutionEvolution 18 586CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eklund, H.Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 1997 Chloranthaceous floral structures from the Late Cretaceous of SwedenPlant Systematics and Evolution 207 13CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eklund, H.Kvaček, J. 1998 Lauraceous inflorescences and flowers from the Cenomanian of Bohemia (Czech Republic, Central Europe)International Journal of Plant Sciences 159 668CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eklund, H. 1999 Big survivors with small flowersFossil history and evolution of Laurales and ChloranthaceaeUppsalaPhD Thesis, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Uppsala1Google Scholar
Eklund, H. 2000 Lauraceous flowers from the Late Cretaceous of North Carolina, USABotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 132 397CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eklund, H. 2003 First Cretaceous flowers from AntarcticaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 127 187CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eklund, H.Cantrill, D. J.Francis, J. E. 2004 Late Cretaceous mesofossil assemblage from Table Nunatak, AntarcticaCretaceous Research 26 211CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eklund, H.Doyle, J. A.Herendeen, P. S. 2004 Morphological phylogenetic analysis of living and fossil ChloranthaceaeInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 165 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Ghazaly, G. A.Chaudhary, R. 1993 Pollen morphology of some species of the genus LReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 78 293CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Ghazaly, G.Rowley, J. R. 1997 Pollen wall of Palynology 21 7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elliott, D., K.Nations, D. 1998 Bee burrows in the Late Cretaceous (Late Cenomanian) Dakota Formation, northeastern ArizonaIchnos 5 243CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elsik, W. C. 1968 Palynology of a Paleocene Rockdale lignite, Milam County, Texas. II. Morphology and taxonomyPollen et Spores 10 599Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1977 Evolutionary trends in the Hamamelidales-Fagales-groupPlant Systematics and Evolution 1 321Google Scholar
Endress, P. K.Honegger, R. 1980 The pollen of the Austrobaileyaceae and its phylogenetic significanceGrana 19 177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1982 Syncarpy and alternative modes of escaping disadvantages of apocarpy in primitive angiospermsTaxon 31 48CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Lorence, D. H. 1983 Diversity and evolutionary trends in the floral structure of (Monimiaceae)Plant Systematics and Evolution 143 53CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Sampson, F. B. 1983 Floral structure and relationships of the Trimeniaceae (Laurales)Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 64 447Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1984 The flowering process in the Eupomatiaceae (Magnoliales)Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 104 297Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1985 Stamenabzission und Pollenpräsentation bei AnnonaceaeFlora 176 95CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1986 An entomophily syndrome in Juglandaceae: Veröffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Instituts der ETH, Stiftung Rübel, Zürich 87 100Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1986 Floral structure, systematics, and phylogeny in TrochodendralesAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 73 297CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1987 The Chloranthaceae: reproductive structures and phylogenetic positionBotanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 109 153Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1989 The systematic position of the MyrothamnaceaeEvolution, Systematics, and Fossil History of HamamelidaeCrane, P. R.Blackmore, S.OxfordClarendon Press193Google Scholar
Endress, P. K.Hufford, L. D. 1989 The diversity of stamen structures and dehiscence patterns among MagnoliidaeBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 100 45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1990 Evolution of reproductive structures and functions in primitive angiosperms (Magnoliidae)Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 55 5Google Scholar
Endress, P. K.Friis, E. M. 1991 , hamamelidalean flowers from the Upper Cretaceous of SwedenPlant Systematics and Evolution 175 101CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Stumpf, S. 1991 The diversity of stamen structures in ‘Lower’ Rosidae (Rosales, Fabales, Proteales, Sapindales)Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 107 217CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1993 AustrobaileyaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag138Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1993 TrochodendraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag599Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1993 HamamelidaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag322Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1993 HimantandraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag338Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1993 EupomatiaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag296Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1993 EupteleaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag299Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1993 CercidiphyllaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag250Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1994 Evolutionary aspects of the floral structure in Plant Systematics and Evolution 8 175Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1994 Diversity and Evolutionary Biology of Tropical Flowers. Cambridge Tropical Biology SeriesCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1996 Structure and function of female and bisexual organ complexes in GnetalesInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 157 S113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1996 Diversity and evolutionary trends in angiosperm anthersThe Anther: Form, Function and PhylogenyD'Arcy, W. G.Keating, R. C.CambridgeCambridge University Press92Google Scholar
Endress, P. K. 1996 Evolutionary aspects of fruits in basal flowering plantsDet Norske Videnskaps-Akademi. I. Matematisk Naturvetenskaplig Klasses Avhandlinger Ny serie 18 21Google Scholar
Endress, P. K.Igersheim, A. 1997 Gynoecium diversity and systematics of the LauralesBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 125 93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Igersheim, A. 1999 Gynoecium diversity and systematics of the basal eudicotsBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 130 305CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Igersheim, A. 2000 Gynoecium structure and evolution in basal angiospermsInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 S211CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Igersheim, A. 2000 The reproductive structures of the basal angiosperm (Amborellaceae)International Journal of Plant Sciences 161 S237CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 2001 The flowers in extant basal angiosperms and inferences on ancestral flowersInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 162 1111CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Matthews, M. L. 2006 First step towards a floral structural characterization of the major rosid subcladesPlant Systematics and Evolution 260 223Google Scholar
Endress, P. K.Matthews, M. L. 2006 Elaborate petals and staminodes in eudicots: diversity, function, and evolutionOrganisms Diversity & Evolution 6 257CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Doyle, J. A. 2007 Floral phyllotaxis in basal angiosperms: development and evolutionCurrent Opinion in Plant Biology 10 52CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Endress, P. K. 2008 Perianth biology in the basal grade of extant angiospermsInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 844CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K.Doyle, J. A. 2009 Reconstructing the ancestral angiosperm flower and its initial specializationsAmerican Journal of Botany 96 22CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Endress, P. K. 2010 Flower structure and trends of evolution in eudicots and their major subcladesAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 97 541CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endress, P. K. 2010 The evolution of floral biology in basal angiospermsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365 411CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Engel, M. S. 2000 A new interpretation of the oldest fossil bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae)American Museum Novitates 3296 12.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Engel, M. S.Grimaldi, D. A. 2004 New light shed on the oldest insectNature 427 627CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Engler, A. 1930 SaxifragaceaeDie Natürlichen PflanzenfamilienPrant, A. E. H.LeipzigW. Engelman74Google Scholar
Erdtman, G. 1948 Did dicotyledonous plants exist in early Jurassic time?Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 70 265CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erdtman, G. 1952 Pollen Morphology and Plant Taxonomy. AngiospermsStockholmAlmquist & WiksellGoogle Scholar
Ericson, P. G. P.Irestedt, M.Johansson, U. S. 2003 Evolution, biogeography, and patterns of diversification in passerine birdsJournal of Avian Biology 34 3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eriksson, O.Jakobsson, A. 1999 Recruitment trade-offs and the evolution of dispersal mechanisms in plantsEvolutionary Ecology 13 411CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eriksson, O.Friis, E. M.Löfgren, P. 2000 Seed size, fruit size and dispersal spectra in angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous to the Late TertiaryAmerican Naturalist 156 47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eriksson, O.Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2000 Seed size and dispersal systems of Early Cretaceous angiosperms from Famalicão, PortugalInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 319CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eriksson, O. 2008 Evolution of seed size and biotic seed dispersal in angiosperms: paleoecological and neoecological evidenceInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 863CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ernst, W. R. 1964 The genera of Berberidaceae, Lardizabalaceae, and Menispermaceae in the southeastern United StatesJournal of the Arnold Arboretum 45 1Google Scholar
Erwin, D. M.Stockey, R. A. 1989 Permineralized monocotyledons from the Middle Eocene Princeton chert (Allenby Formation) of British Columbia: AlismataceaeCanadian Journal of Botany 67 2636CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erwin, D. M.Stockey, R. A. 1992 Vegetative body of a permineralized monocotyledon from the Middle Eocene Princeton chert of British ColumbiaCourier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 147 309Google Scholar
Erwin, D. M.Stockey, R. A. 1994 Permineralized monocotyledons from the Middle Eocene Princeton chert: ArecaceaePalaeontographica 234 19Google Scholar
Esau, K. 1977 Anatomy of Seed PlantsTorontoJohn Wiley and SonsGoogle Scholar
Estrada-Ruiz, E.Martinez-Cabrera, H. I.Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. 2007 Fossil woods from the late Campanian-early Maastrichtian Olmos Formation, Coahuila, MexicoReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 145 123CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eyde, R. H.Bartlett, A.Barghoorn, E. S. 1969 Fossil record of Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 96 288CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faden, R. B. 1998 CommelinaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag109Google Scholar
Fægri, K.Iversen, J. 1964 Textbook of Pollen AnalysisCopenhagenMunksgaardGoogle Scholar
Fægri, K.Van der Pijl, L. 1980 The Principles of Pollination EcologyOxfordPergamon PressGoogle Scholar
Fagerlind, F. 1947 Strobilus und Blüte von und die Möglichkeit, aus ihrer Struktur den Blütenbau der Angiospermen zu deutenArkiv för Botanik 33a 1Google Scholar
Fairon-Demaret, M.Scheckler, S. E. 1987 Typification and redescription of Stockmans, 1948, an early seed plant from the Upper Famennian of BelgiumBulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Science de la Terre 57 183Google Scholar
Fan, C.Xiang, Q.-Y. 2003 Phylogenetic analyses of Cornales based on 26S rRNA and combined 26S rDNA-MAT-RBC sequence dataAmerican Journal of Botany 90 1357CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farabee, M. J. 1990 Triprojectate fossil genera pollenReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 65 341CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farabee, M. J. 1991 Botanical affinities of some Triprojectacites fossil pollenAmerican Journal of Botany 78 1172CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feduccia, A. 2003 ‘Big bang’ for Tertiary birds?Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18 172CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feild, T. S.Arens, N. C.Doyle, J. A.Dawson, T. E.Donoghue, M. J. 2004 Dark and disturbed: a new image of early angiosperm ecologyPaleobiology 30 822.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feistmantel, O. 1876 Jurassic (Oolitic) flora of KachMemoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica 4 192Google Scholar
Feng, C.-M.Manchester, S. R.Xiang, Q.-Y. 2009 Phylogeny and biogeography of Alangiaceae (Cornales) inferred from DNA sequences, morphology, and fossilsMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 51 201CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feuer, S. 1991 Pollen morphology and the systematic relationships of Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 78 143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feuer, S. M.Kuijt, J. 1980 Fine structure of Mistletoe pollen. American Journal of Botany 67 34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Firbas, F. 1947 Spermatophyta, SamenpflanzenLehrbuch der Botanik für HochschulenStrasburger, E.JenaGustav Fischer454Google Scholar
Fishbein, M.Hibsch-Jetter, C.Soltis, D. E.Hufford, L. 2001 Phylogeny of Saxifragales (angiosperms, eudicots): analysis of a rapid, ancient radiationSystematic Biology 50 817CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fleming, T. H.Heithaus, E. R. 1981 Frugivorous bats, seed shadows, and the structure of tropical forestsBiotropica 13 45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fleming, T. H. 1991 Fruiting plant-frugivore mutualism: The evolutionary theater and the ecological playPlant–Animal Interactions: Evolutionary Ecology in Tropical and Temperate RegionsPrice, P. W.Lewinsohn, T. M.Fernandes, G. W.Benson, W. W.New YorkJohn Wiley and Sons119Google Scholar
Fleming, T. H.Lips, K. R. 1991 Angiosperm endozoochory: were pterosaurs Cretaceous seed dispersers?American Naturalist 138 1058CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fleming, T. H.Geiselman, C.Kress, W. J. 2009 The evolution of bat pollination: a phylogenetic perspectiveAnnals of Botany 104 1017CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Florin, R. 1933 Studien über die Cycadales des Mesozoicums. Nebst Erörterungen über die Spaltöffnungsapparate der BennettitalesKungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 3. Serie 12 1Google Scholar
Flynn, J. J.Wyss, A. R. 1998 Recent advances in South American mammalian paleontologyTrends in Ecology and Evolution 13 449CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fontaine, W. M. 1889 The Potomac or younger Mesozoic floraUS Geological Survey Monograph 15 1Google Scholar
Fontaine, W. M. 1893 Notes on some fossil plants from the Trinity Division of the Comanche Series of TexasProceedings of the US National Museum 16 261CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foreman, D. B.Sampson, F. B. 1987 Pollen of and (Monimiaceae)Grana 26 127CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forest, F.Chase, M. W.Persson, C.Crane, P. R.Hawkins, J. A. 2007 The role of biotic and abiotic factors in evolution of ant dispersal in the Milkwort family (Polygalaceae)Evolution 61 1675CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forster, A.Schouten, S.Baas, M.Damsté, J. S. S. 2007 Mid-Cretaceous (Albian-Santonian) sea surface temperature record of the tropical Atlantic OceanGeology 35 919CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foster, R. B.Arce, B. J.Wachter, T. S. 1986 Dispersal and the sequential plant communities in Amazonian Peru floodplainFrugivores and Seed DispersalEstrada, A.Fleming, T. H.DordrechtDr W. Junk Publishers357CrossRefGoogle Scholar
França, J. C.Zbyszewski, G. 1963 Carta Geológica de Portugal na Escala de 1/50 000. Notícia Explicativa da Folha 26-B AlcobaçaLisbonServi??os Geol??gicos de PortugalGoogle Scholar
Francis, J. E. 1983 Reconstruction of the dominant conifer of the “Fossil Forests” of the Lower Purbeck Formation (Upper Jurassic) Dorset, southern EnglandPalaeontology 26 277Google Scholar
Francis, J. E. 1984 The seasonal environment of the Purbeck (Upper Jurassic) fossil forestsPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 48 285CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Francis, J. E. 1986 Growth rings in Cretaceous and Tertiary wood from Antarctica and their palaeoclimatic implicationsPalaeontology 29 665Google Scholar
Frederiksen, N. O. 1987 Tectonic and paleogeographic setting of a new latest Cretaceous floristic province in North AmericaPalaios 2 533CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fregenal, M. A.Meléndez, N. 1995 Geology: stratigraphy, basin evolution and geochemistry. I. Geological settingLas Hoyas, a Lacustrine Konservat-Lagerstätte, Cuenca, Spain. II International Symposium on Lithographic Limestones. Field Trip Guide BookMeléndez, M. N.MadridUniversidad Complutense de Madrid1Google Scholar
Friedman, J.Barrett, S. C. H. 2008 A phylogenetic analysis of the evolution of wind pollination in the angiospermsInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, W. E. 1990 Double fertilization in , a nonflowering seed plant: its bearing on the origin of angiospermsScience 247 951CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedman, W. E. 1992 Evidence of a pre-angiosperm origin of endosperm: implications for the evolution of flowering plantsScience 255 336CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedman, W. E. 1993 The evolutionary history of the seed plant male gametophyteTrends in Ecology and Evolution 8 15CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedman, W. E.Carmichael, J. S. 1996 Double fertilization in Gnetales: implications for understanding reproductive diversification among seed plantsInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 157 S77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, W. E. 2001 Comparative embryology of basal angiospermsCurrent Opinion in Plant Biology 4 14CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedman, W. E. 2009 The meaning of Darwin's ‘abominable mystery’American Journal of Botany 96 5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedman, W. E.Ryerson, K. C. 2009 Reconstructing the ancestral female gametophyte of angiosperms: insights from and other ancient lineages of flowering plantsAmerican Journal of Botany 96 129CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedrich, W. L.Koch, B. E. 1970 Comparison of fruits and seeds of fossil with those of living Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 20 192Google Scholar
Friis, E. M. 1979 The Damgaard flora: a new Middle Miocene flora from DenmarkBulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 27 117Google Scholar
Friis, E. M.Skarby, A. 1981 Structurally preserved angiosperm flowers from the Upper Cretaceous of southern SwedenNature 291 485CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Skarby, A. 1982 Scandianthus . Annals of Botany 50 569CrossRef
Friis, E. M. 1983 Upper Cretaceous (Senonian) floral structures of juglandalean affinity containing Normapolles pollenReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 39 161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M. 1984 Preliminary report on Upper Cretaceous angiosperm reproductive organs from Sweden and their level of organizationAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 403CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M. 1985 Structure and function in Late Cretaceous angiosperm flowersBiologiske Skrifter, Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 25 1Google Scholar
Friis, E. M. 1985 Angiosperm fruits and seeds from the Middle Miocene of Jutland (Denmark)Biologiske Skrifter, Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 24 1Google Scholar
Friis, E. M. 1985 gen. nov., sympetalous angiosperm flowers from the Upper Cretaceous of southern SwedenReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 45 171CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Crane, P. R.Pedersen, K. R. 1986 Floral evidence for Cretaceous chloranthoid angiospermsNature 320 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Crepet, W. L. 1987 Time of appearance of floral featuresThe Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological ConsequencesFriis, E. M.Chaloner, W. G.Crane, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press145Google Scholar
Friis, E. M. 1988 sp. nov., an extinct species of Zingiberaceae from the North American CretaceousTertiary Research 9 7Google Scholar
Friis, E. M.Crane, P. R.Pedersen, K. R. 1988 Reproductive structures of Cretaceous PlatanaceaeBiologiske Skrifter, Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 31 1Google Scholar
Friis, E. M.Crane, P. R. 1989 Reproductive structures of Cretaceous HamamelidaeEvolution, Systematics, and Fossil History of the HamamelidaeCrane, P. R.Blackmore, S.OxfordClarendon Press155Google Scholar
Friis, E. M. 1990 gen. et sp. nov., a new saxifragalean flower from the Late Cretaceous of SwedenBiologiske Skrifter, Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 36 1Google Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 1990 Structure of the Lower Cretaceous fern from Bornholm, DenmarkReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 66 47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 1992 gen. nov., fossil flowers with combretaceous features from the Late Cretaceous of PortugalBiologiske Skrifter, Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 41 1Google Scholar
Friis, E. M.Eklund, H.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 1994 gen. et sp. nov. – a calycanthaceous flower from the Potomac Group (Early Cretaceous) of eastern North AmericaInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 155 772CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 1994 Angiosperm floral structures from the Early Cretaceous of PortugalPlant Systematics and Evolution 8 31Google Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 1995 gen. et sp. nov., a new Early Cretaceous plant with similarities to and extant MagnoliidaeAmerican Journal of Botany 82 933CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 1996 , a new pollen organ with pollen from the Early Cretaceous of PortugalGrana 35 104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Crane, P. R.Pedersen, K. R. 1997 , a new basal angiosperm from the Early Cretaceous of North America and Portugal with monocolpate/trichotomocolpate pollenGrana 36 225CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Crane, P. R.Pedersen, K. R. 1997 Fossil history of magnoliid angiospermsEvolution and Diversification of Land PlantsIwatsuki, K.Raven, P. H.Tokyo, Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag121CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 1999 Early angiosperm diversification: the diversity of pollen associated with angiosperm reproductive structures in Early Cretaceous floras from PortugalAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 259CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 2000 Die fossilen Bl??ten von ??sen in Schonen, S??d-SchwedenEuropäische FossillagerstättenMeischner, D.HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag151CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2000 Fossil floral structures of a basal angiosperm with monocolpate, reticulate-acolumellate pollen from the Early Cretaceous of PortugalGrana 39 226CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2000 Reproductive structure and organization of basal angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian or Aptian) of Western PortugalInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 S169CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2001 Fossil evidence of water lilies (Nymphaeales) in the Early CretaceousNature 410 357CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friis, E. M.Doyle, J. A.Endress, P. K.Leng, Q. 2003 Archaefructus – Trends in Plant Science 8 369CrossRef
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Schönenberger, J. 2003 , a new Normapolles producing plant genus of fagalean affinity from the Late Cretaceous of PortugalInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 164 S201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2004 Araceae from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal: Evidence on the emergence of monocotyledonsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101 16 565CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2005 When Earth started blooming: insights from the fossil recordCurrent Opinion in Plant Biology 8 1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2006 Cretaceous angiosperm flowers: Innovation and evolution in plant reproductionPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 232 251CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Schönenberger, J. 2006 Normapolles plants: a complex of extinct fagalean lineagesPlant Systematics and Evolution 260 107Google Scholar
Friis, E. M.Crane, P. R.Pedersen, K. R. 2007 Phase contrast enhanced synchrotron-radiation X-ray analyses of Cretaceous seeds link Gnetales to extinct BennettitalesNature 450 549CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2009 Early Cretaceous mesofossils from Portugal and eastern North America related to the Bennettitales-Erdtmanithecales-Gnetales groupAmerican Journal of Botany 96 252CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.von Balthazar, M.Grimm, G. W.Crane, P. R. 2009 gen. et sp. nov., a nymphaealean flower from the Early Cretaceous of PortugalInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 170 1086CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2010 Cretaceous diversification of angiosperms in the western part of the Iberian PeninsulaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 162 341CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R. 2010 Diversity in obscurity: fossil flowers and the early history of angiospermsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365 369CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friis, E. M.Pedersen, K. R. 2011
Frumin, S.Friis, E. M. 1996 Liriodendroid seeds from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan and North Carolina, USAReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 94 39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frumin, S.Friis, E. M. 1999 Magnoliid reproductive organs from the Cenomanian-Turonian of north-western Kazakhstan: Magnoliaceae and IlliciaceaePlant Systematics and Evolution 216 265CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frumin, S.Eklund, H.Friis, E. M. 2004 sp. nov., a new member of the extinct genus (Lauraceae) from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of KazakhstanInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 165 883CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frumina, S. I.Zhilin, S. G.Korchagina, I. A. 1995 (Taxodiaceae) seeds from the Cenomanian-Turonian of Northern KazakhstanPaleontological Journal 29 194Google Scholar
Fryns-Claessens, E.Van Cotthem, W. R. 1973 A new classification of the ontogenetic types of stomataThe Botanical Review 39 71CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Funkhouser, J. W. 1961 Pollen of the genus Micropaleontology 7 193CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Furness, C. A.Rudall, P. J.Eastman, A. 2002 Contribution of pollen and tapetal characters to the systematics of TriuridaceaePlant Systematics and Evolution 235 209CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Furness, C. A.Rudall, P. J. 2003 Apertures with lids: distribution and significance of operculate pollen in monocotyledonsInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 164 835CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabel, M. L. 1987 A fossil (Boraginaceae) from the Tertiary of South DakotaAmerican Journal of Botany 71 1690CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabel, M. L.Bich, H. 1988 A range extension for the Tertiary fossil (Cyperaceae)The Southwestern Naturalist 33 110CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabel, M. L.Backlund, D. C.Haffner, J. 1992 Sedge (Cyperaceae) achenes from the Late Barstovian of NebraskaJournal of Paleontology 66 525CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gale, A. S. 2000 The Cretaceous worldBiotic Response to Global ChangeCulver, S. J.Rawson, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gandolfo, M. A.Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L.Ratcliffe, G. E. 1997 A new fossil fern assignable to Gleicheniaceae from Late Cretaceous sediments of New JerseyAmerican Journal of Botany 84CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gandolfo, M. A. 1998 gen. et sp. nov. (aff. Hydrangeaceae) from the Upper Cretaceous of New JerseyAmerican Journal of Botany 85 376CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gandolfo, M. A.Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L. 1998 A new fossil flower from the Turonian of New Jersey: gen. et sp. nov. (Capparales)American Journal of Botany 85 964CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gandolfo, M. A.Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L.Friis, E. M. 1998 Oldest known fossils of monocotyledonsNature 394 532CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gandolfo, M. A.Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L. 2000 Monocotyledons: a review of their Early Cretaceous recordMonocots: Systematics and EvolutionWilson, K. I.Morrison, D. A.MelbourneCSIRO44Google Scholar
Gandolfo, M. A.Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L. 2002 Triuridaceae fossil flowers from the Upper Cretaceous of New JerseyAmerican Journal of Botany 89 1940CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gandolfo, M. A.Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L. 2004 Cretaceous flowers of Nymphaeaceae and implications for complex insect entrapment pollination mechanisms in early angiospermsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101 8056CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gandolfo, M. A.Cuneo, R. N. 2005 Fossil Nelumbonaceae from the La Colonia Formation (Campanian-Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous), Chubut, Patagonia, ArgentinaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 133 169CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasser, C. S.Broadhvest, J.Hauser, B. A. 1998 Genetic analysis of ovule developmentAnnual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 49 1CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gastaldo, R. A. 1989 Preliminary observations on phytotaphonomic assemblages in a subtropical/temperate Holocene bayhead delta: Mobile Delta, Gulf Coastal Plain, AlabamaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 58 61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaussen, H. 1946 Les Gymnospermes, actuelles et fossilesTravaux du Laboratoire Forestier de Toulouse. Tome II 1 1Google Scholar
Gee, C. T. 2001 The mangrove palm in the geologic past of the New WorldWetlands Ecology and Management 9 181CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Germeraad, J. H.Hopping, C. A.Muller, J. 1968 Palynology of Tertiary sediments from tropical areasReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 6 189CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibernau, M. 2003 Pollinators and visitors of aroid inflorescencesAroideana 26 66Google Scholar
Gierlowski-Kordesch, E.Janofske, D. 1989 Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Weald around U??a (Serrania de Cuenca, Cuenca Province, Spain)Proceedings of the 3rd International Cretaceous SymposiumWiedmann, J.TübingenE. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (N??gele u. Obermiller)239Google Scholar
Givnish, T. J. 1980 Ecological constraints on the evolution of breeding systems in seed plants: dioecy and dispersal in gymnospermsEvolution 34 959CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Givnish, T. J.Evans, T. M.Pires, J. C.Sytsma, K. J. 1999 Polyphyly and convergent morphological evolution in Commelinales and Commelinidae: evidence from L sequence dataMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 12 360CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glaser, J. D. 1969 Petrology and origin of Potomac and Magothy (Cretaceous) sediments, middle Atlantic Coastal PlainMaryland Geological Survey Report of Investigations 11 1Google Scholar
Glasspool, I. J.Hilton, J.Collinson, M. E.Wang, S.-J.Li, C.-S. 2004 Foliar physiognomy in Cathaysian gigantopterids and the potential to track Palaeozoic climates using an extinct plant groupPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 250 69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Góczán, F.Groot, J. J.Krutzsch, W.Pacltová, B. 1967 Die Gattungen des “Stemma Normapolles Pflug 1953b” (Angiospermae) – Neubeschreibungen und Revision europäischer Formen (Oberkreide bis Eozän)Paläontologische Abhandlungen 2 427Google Scholar
Góczán, F.Juhász, M. 1984 Monosulcate pollen grains of angiosperms from Hungarian Albian sediments IActa Botanica Hungarica 30 289Google Scholar
Golovneva, L. B. 1998 Cretaceous floral evolution in northeastern RussiaPaleontological Journal 32 633Google Scholar
Golovneva, L. B. 2007 Occurrence of (Platanaceae) in the Cretaceous of EurasiaPaleontological Journal 41 1077CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golovneva, L. B.Oskolski, A. A. 2007 Infructescences of gen. n. from the late Cretaceous of North Kazakhstan and Siberia (Russia)Acta Palaeobotanica 47 57Google Scholar
Golovneva, L. B. 2008 A new platanaceous genus (angiosperms) from the Turonian of SiberiaPaleontological Journal 42 192Google Scholar
Gómez-Laurito, J.Gómez, L. D. 1989 : a new tree from Central AmericaAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 76 1148CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gomez, B.Martín-Closas, C.Méon, H.Thévenard, F.Barale, G. 2001 Plant taphonomy and palaeoecology in the lacustrine Uña delta (Late Barremian, Iberian Range, Spain)Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 170 133CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gomez, B.Martínez-Delclòs, X.Bamford, M.Philippe, M. 2002 Taphonomy and palaeoecology of plant remains from the oldest African Early Cretaceous amber localityLethaia 35 300CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goremykin, V.Bobrova, V.Pahnke, J. 1996 Noncoding sequences from the slowly evolving chloroplast inverted repeat in addition to L data do not support gnetalean affinities of angiospermsMolecular Biology and Evolution 13 383CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goth, K. 1986 Erster Nachweis von -Samen aus der Oberkreide von Kössen in TirolCourier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 86 171Google Scholar
Gothan, W. 1908 Die fossilen Hölzer von der Seymour- und Snow Hill-InselWissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Südpolar-Expedition, 1901–1903 3 1Google Scholar
Gottsberger, G. 1977 Some aspects of beetle pollination in the evolution of flowering plantsPlant Systematics and Evolution 1 211Google Scholar
Gottsberger, G. 1978 Seed dispersal by fish in the inundated regions of Humaita, AmazoniaBiotropica 10 170CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottsberger, G. 1988 The reproductive biology of primitive angiospermsTaxon 37 630CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottschling, M.Mai, D. H.Hilger, H. H. 2002 The systematic position of fossils (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) from the European Tertiary and implications for character evolutionReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 121 149CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottwald, H. 1992 Hölzer aus marinen Sanden des oberen Eozän von Helmstedt (Niedersachsen)Palaeontographica 225 27Google Scholar
Gould, R. E.Delevoryas, T. 1977 The biology of : evidence from petrified seed-bearing and pollen-bearing organsAlcheringa 1 387CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goulding, M. 1983 The role of fishes in seed dispersal and plant distribution in Amazonian floodplain ecosystemsSonderbände des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg 7 271Google Scholar
Gradstein, F. M.Ogg, J. G.Smith, A. G. 2004 A Geologic Time ScaleCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Graham, A.Jarzen, D. M. 1969 Studies in neotropical paleobotany. I. The Oligocene communities of Puerto RicoAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 56 308CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, A. 2009 Fossil record of the RubiaceaeAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 96 90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grande, L. 1984 Paleontology of the Green River Formation, with a review of the fish faunaGeological Survey of Wyoming, Bulletin 63 1Google Scholar
Grande, L. 1998 Locked in stone: an extinct 50-million-year-old lake systemNatural History Magazine 107 66Google Scholar
Grant, V. 1950 The protection of the ovule in flowering plantsEvolution 4 179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, J.Sohma, K. 1964 Fossil from Western America with a comparative study of pollen in and American Journal of Science 262 1159CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grayum, M. H. 1990 Evolution and phylogeny of the AraceaeAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 77 628CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grayum, M. H. 1992 Comparative External Pollen Ultrastructure of the Araceae and Putative Related TaxaMonographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 43 1Google Scholar
Greenwood, D. R.Conran, J. G. 2000 The Australian Cretaceous and Tertiary monocot fossil recordMonocots: Systematics and EvolutionWilson, K. I.Morrison, D. A.MelbourneCSIRO52Google Scholar
Gregor, H.-J. 1980 Seeds of the genus Linne (Coriariaceae) in the European NeogeneTertiary Research 3 61Google Scholar
Gregor, H.-J. 1981 nova spec. – ein exotisches Element in Elsässer Pliozän (Sessenheim, Brunssumien)Mitteilungen des Badischen Landesvereins für Naturkunde und Naturschutz 12 241Google Scholar
Gregor, H.-J.Hagn, H. 1982 Fossil fructifications from the Cretaceous-Palaeocene-boundary of SW-Egypt (Danian, Bir Abu Munqar)Tertiary Research 4 121Google Scholar
Gregor, H.-J. 1989 Aspects of the fossil record and phylogeny of the family Rutaceae (Zanthoxyleae, Toddalioideae)Plant Systematics and Evolution 162 251CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregor, H. J. 1977 Subtropische Elemente im europäischen Tertiär Paläontologische Zeitschrift 51 199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grigorescu, D. 1992 Nonmarine Cretaceous formations of RomaniaAspects of Nonmarine Cretaceous GeologyMateer, N. J.Chen, P. J.BeijingChina Ocean Press142Google Scholar
Grimaldi, D. A. 1996 Amber: Window to the PastNew YorkHarry N. Abrams, Inc. and The American Museum of Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Grimaldi, D. A. 1999 The co-radiations of pollinating insects and angiosperms in the CretaceousAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 373CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grimaldi, D. A. 2000 Studies on Fossils in Amber, with Particular Reference to the Cretaceous of New JerseyLeidenBackhuys
Grimaldi, D. A.Engel, M. H. 2005 Evolution of the InsectsCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Grímsson, F.Denk, T.Símonarson, L. A. 2007 Middle Miocene floras of Iceland – the early colonization of an island?Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 144 181CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grímsson, F.Denk, T.Zetter, R. 2008 Pollen, fruits, and leaves of (Trochodendraceae) from the Cainozoic of Iceland and western North America and their palaeobiogeographic implicationsGrana 47 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Groot, J. J.Groot, C. R. 1962 Plant microfossils from Aptian, Albian and Cenomanian deposits of PortugalComunicações dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal 46 133Google Scholar
Gruas-Cavagnetto, C. 1987 Nouveaux éléments mégathermes dans la palynoflore éocène du Bassin ParisienMémoires et Travaux de l'Institut de Montpellier, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes 17 207Google Scholar
Gruas-Cavagnetto, C.Tambareau, Y.Villatte, J. 1988 Données paléoécologiques nouvelles sur le Thanétien et l'Ilerdien de l'avant–pays pyrénéen et de la Montagne NoireInstitut français de Pondichéry. Traveaux de la Section Scientifique et Technique 25 219Google Scholar
Grönwall, K. A. 1915 Nordöstra Skånes kaolin- och kritbildningar samt deras praktiska användningSveriges Geologiska Undersökning Ser. C 261 1Google Scholar
Guo, S.-X.Wu, X.-W. 2000 from latest Jurassic Yixian Formation in western Liaoning, Northeast ChinaActa Palaeontologica Sinica 39 81Google Scholar
Gutierrez, G.Lauverjat, J. 1978 Les charophytes du sénonian supérieur de la Beira Littorale (Portugal)103e Congrès national des sociétés savantes. Sciences II105Google Scholar
Gübeli, A. A.Hochuli, P. A.Wildi, W. 1984 Lower Cretaceous turbiditic sediment from the Rif chain (Northern Marocco) – palynology, stratigraphy and palaeogeographic settingGeologische Rundschau 73 1081CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Göppert, H. R.Berendt, G. C. 1845 Der Bernstein und die in ihm befindlichen Pflanzenreste der VorweltBerlinNicolaischen BuchhandlungGoogle Scholar
Hackett, S. J.Kimball, R. T.Reddy, S. 2008 A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary historyScience 320 1763CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hagerup, O. 1934 Zur Abstammung einiger Angiospermen durch Gnetales und Coniferæ, IBiologiske Meddelelser, Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 11 1Google Scholar
Haggard, C.Tiffney, B. H. 1997 The flora of the early Miocene Brandon Lignite, Vermont, USA, VIII. (Alismataceae)American Journal of Botany 84 239CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halbritter, H.Hesse, H. 1993 Sulcus morphology in some monocot familiesGrana 32 87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halbritter, H. 2000 http://www.paldat.org/
Hall, J. A.Walter, G. H.Bergstrom, D. M.Machin, P. 2004 Pollination ecology of the Australian cycad (Zamiaceae)Australian Journal of Botany 52 333CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hallam, A. 1984 Continental humid and arid zones during the Jurassic and CretaceousPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 47 195CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hallam, A. 1985 A review of Mesozoic climatesJournal of the Geological Society of London 142 433CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hallam, A. 1992 Phanerozoic Sea-Level Changes. Perspectives in Paleobiology and Earth History SeriesNew YorkColumbia University PressGoogle Scholar
Hallam, A. 1994 An Outline of Phanerozoic Biogeography. Oxford Biogeography SeriesOxford, New York, TokyoOxford University PressGoogle Scholar
Hallier, H. 1900 Ueber Kautschuklianen und andere Apocyneen, nebst Bemerkungen über und einem Versuch zur Lösung der NomenklaturfrageJahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, Beiheft 3 17 17Google Scholar
Hallier, H. 1901 Ueber die Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse der Tubifloren und Ebenalen, den polyphyletischen Ursprung der Sympetalen und Apetalen und die Anordnung der Angiospermen überhaupt. Vorstudien zum Entwurf eines Stammbaums der BlümenpflanzenAbhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften in Hamburg 16 1Google Scholar
Hallier, H. 1902 Beiträge zur Morphogenie der Sporophylle und des Trophophylls in Beiziehung zur Phylogenie der KormophytenJahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten 19 1Google Scholar
Hallier, H. 1912 L'origine et le système phylétique des angiospermes exposés à l'aide de leur arbre généalogiqueArchives Néerlandaises des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Séries IIIB 1 146Google Scholar
Hamann, U. 1998 PhilydraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag389Google Scholar
Hamby, R. K.Zimmer, E. A. 1992 Ribosomal RNA as a phylogenetic tool in plant systematicsMolecular Systematics of PlantsSoltis, P. S.Soltis, D. E.Doyle, J. J.New YorkChapman and Hall50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, A.Hansmann, S.Samigullin, T.Antonov, A.Martin, W. 1999 and the angiosperms: molecular evidence that their shared morphological characters are convergent rather than homologousMolecular Biology and Evolution 16 1006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haq, B. U.Hardenbol, J.Vail, P. R. 1987 Chronology and fluctuating sea levels since the TriassicScience 235 1156CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harder, L. D.Johnson, S. D. 2008 Function and evolution of aggregated pollen in angiospermsInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harley, M. M.Kurmann, M. H.Ferguson, I. K. 1991 Systematic implication of comparative morphology in selected fossil and extant pollen from the Palmae and the SapotaceaePollen and Spores: Patterns of DiversificationBlackmore, S.Barnes, S.OxfordClarendon Press225Google Scholar
Harley, M. M.Morley, R. J. 1995 Ultrastructural studies of some fossil and extant palm pollen, and the reconstruction of the biogeographical history of subtribes Iguanurinae and CalaminaeReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 85 153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harley, M. M. 1997
Harley, M. M.Baker, W. J. 2001 Pollen aperture morphology in Arecaceae: application within phylogenetic analyses, and a summary of the fossil record of palmsGrana 40 45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harley, M. M.Dransfield, J. 2003 Triporate pollen in the ArecaceaeGrana 42 3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harley, M. M. 2004 Triaperturate pollen in the monocotyledons: configurations and conjecturesPlant Systematics and Evolution 247 75CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harley, M. M. 2006 A summary of fossil records for ArecaceaeBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 151 39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harper, J. L.Lovell, P. H.Moore, K. G. 1970 The shapes and sizes of seedsAnnual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1 327CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1932 The fossil flora of Scoresby Sound East Greenland. Part 3: Caytoniales and BennettitalesMeddelelser om Grønland 85 1Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1932 The fossil flora of Scoresby Sound East Greenland. Part 2: Description of seed plants together with a discussion of certain cycadophyte cuticlesMeddelelser om Grønland 85 1Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1933 A new member of the CaytonialesNew Phytologist 32 97CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1937 The fossil flora of Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. Part 5: Stratigraphic relations of the plant bedsMeddelelser om Grønland 112 1Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1940 On some Jurassic specimens of Annals of Magazine of Natural History, Ser. 11 6 249Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1940 On ThomasAnnals of Botany 4 713CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1941 Caytonanthus, Caytonia. Annals of Botany 5 47CrossRef
Harris, T. M. 1944 A revision of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 231 313CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1945 On a coprolite of pollenAnnals of Magazine of Natural History, Ser. 11 12 357CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1951 The relationships of the CaytonialesPhytomorphology 1 29Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1954 Mesozoic seed cuticlesSvensk Botanisk Tidskrift 48 281Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1956 The mystery of flowering plantsThe Listener 26 514Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1958 The seed of The Palaeobotanist 7 93Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1961 The fossil cycadsPalaeontology 4 313Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1962 The occurrence of the fructification in New ZealandTransactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Geology 1 17Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1964 The Yorkshire Jurassic FloraLondonBritish Museum (Natural History)Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1969 The Yorkshire Jurassic FloraLondonBritish Museum (Natural History)Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1971 The stem of Geophytology 1 23Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1974 : its pollen and the compression of spherical pollen grainsPalaeontology 17 125Google Scholar
Harris, T. M.Millington, W.Miller, J. 1974 The Yorkshire Jurassic FloraLondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1976 The Mesozoic gymnospermsReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 21 119CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1979 The Yorkshire Jurassic FloraLondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1981 Burnt ferns from the English WealdenProceedings of the Geologists' Association 92 47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1983 The stem of (Thomas & Bose) HarrisBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 86 149CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1983
Hasebe, M.Kofuji, R.Ito, M.Iwatsuki, K.Ueda, K. 1992 Phylogeny of gymnosperms inferred from L gene sequencesBotanical Magazine, Tokyo 105 673CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hasenboehler, B. 1981 Étude paléobotanique et palynologique de l'Albien et du Cenomanien du “Bassin occidental Portugais” au sud de l'accident de Nazare (Province d'Estremadure, Portugal)ParisPhD Thesis, Universit?? Pierre et Marie Curie1Google Scholar
Hayes, P. A.Francis, J. E.Cantrill, D. J.Crame, J. A. 2006 Palaeoclimate analysis of Late Cretaceous angiosperm leaf floras, James Ross Island, AntarcticaCretaceous–Tertiary High-Latitude Palaeoenvironments, James Ross Basin, Antarctica 258 Francis, J. E.Pirrie, D., J. ACrame, .LondonThe Geological Society of London, Special Publications49Google Scholar
Haynes, R. R.Holm-Nielsen, L. B.Les, D. H. 1998 NajadaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag301Google Scholar
He, H. Y.Wang, X. L.Zhou, Z. H. 2004 Timing of the Jiufotang Formation (Jehol Group) in Liaoning, northeastern China and its implicationsGeophysical Research Letters 31 L12605CrossRefGoogle Scholar
He, H. Y.Wang, X. L.Zhou, Z. H. 2006 40Ar/39Ar dating of Lujiatun Bed (Jehol Group) in Liaoning, northeastern ChinaGeophysical Review Letters 33 L04303Google Scholar
Hedlund, R. W.Norris, G. 1968 Spores and pollen grains from Fredericksburgian (Albian) strata, Marshall County, OklahomaPollen et Spores 10 129Google Scholar
Heer, O. 1868 Flora Fossilis ArcticaZurichF. SchulthessCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heer, O. 1870 Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 8 1
Heer, O. 1876 Beiträge zur Jura-Flora Ostsibiriens und des AmurlandesMémoires de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, VII. Série 22 1Google Scholar
Heer, O. 1882 Flora Fossilis Grönlandica. Die Fossile Flora Grönlands. . Flora Fossilis Arctica. Die Fossile Flora der PolarländerZurichJ. Wurster & CompGoogle Scholar
Heer, O. 1883 Flora Fossilis Grönlandica. Die Fossile Flora GrönlandsZurichJ. Wurster & CompGoogle Scholar
Heer, O. 1883 Oversigt over Grønlands fossile floraMeddelelser om Grønland 5 81Google Scholar
Heer, O. 1883 Flora fossilis Grønlandica. Afbildninger af Grønlands fossile floraMeddelelser om Grønland 5 1Google Scholar
Heimhofer, U.Hochuli, P. A.Burla, S.Dinis, J. M. L.Weissert, H. 2005 Timing of Early Cretaceous angiosperm diversification and possible links to major paleoenvironmental changeGeology 33 141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heimhofer, U.Hochuli, P. A.Burla, S.Weissert, H. 2007 New records of Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from Portuguese coastal deposits: implications for the timing of the early angiosperm radiationReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 144 39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heming, B. S. 1993 Structure, function, ontogeny, and evolution of feeding in thrips (Thysanoptera)Functional Morphology of Insect FeedingShaefer, C. W.Leschen, R. A. B.Lanham, MDThomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America3Google Scholar
Hennig, W. 1965 Phylogenetic systematicsAnnual Review of Entomology 10 97CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henschel, J. R.Seely, M. K. 2000 Long-term growth patterns of , a long-lived plant of the Namib Desert (including a bibliography)Journal of Plant Ecology 150 7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S.Les, D. H.Dilcher, D. L. 1990 Fossil (Ceratophyllaceae) from the Tertiary of North AmericaAmerican Journal of Botany 77 7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S. 1991 Charcoalified angiosperm wood from the Cretaceous of eastern North America and EuropeReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 70 225CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S. 1991 Lauraceous wood from the mid-Cretaceous Potomac Group of eastern North America – sp. novReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 69 277CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S.Crepet, W. L.Dilcher, D. L. 1992 The fossil history of the Leguminosae: phylogenetic and biogeographic implicationsAdvances in Legume SystematicsHerendeen, P. S.Dilcher, D. L.KewThe Royal Botanic Gardens303Google Scholar
Herendeen, P. S.Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C. 1993 -like stamens from the Upper Cretaceous of New JerseyAmerican Journal of Botany 80 865CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S.Crepet, W., L.Nixon, K. C. 1994 Fossil flowers and pollen of Lauraceae from the Upper Cretaceous of New JerseyPlant Systematics and Evolution 189 29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R.Drinnan, A. N. 1995 Fagaceous flowers, fruits, and cupules from the Campanian (Late Cretaceous) of Central Georgia, USAInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 156 93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S.Magallón-Puebla, S.Lupia, R.Crane, P. R.Kobylinska, J. 1999 A preliminary conspectus of the Allon flora from the Late Cretaceous (Late Santonian) of central Georgia, USAAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 407CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S.Wheeler, E. A.Baas, P. 1999 Angiosperm wood evolution and the potential contribution of paleontological dataThe Botanical Review 65 278CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R. 1995 The fossil history of the monocotyledonsMonocotyledons: Systematics and EvolutionRudall, P. J.Cribb, P. J.Cutler, D. F.Humphries, C. J.KewRoyal Botanic Gardens1Google Scholar
Herman, A. 1990 Late Cretaceous floras and climate of the Anadyr-Koryakian subregion (North-East USSR)Proceedings of the Symposium Paleofloristic and Paleoclimatic Changes in the Cretaceous and TertiaryKnobloch, E.Kvaček, Z.73PragueGeological Survey of CzechoslovakiaGoogle Scholar
Herman, A. B.Lebedev, E. L. 1991 Stratigraphy and Flora of the Cretaceous Deposits of North-West KamtchatkaMoscowAcademia Nauk SSSRGoogle Scholar
Herman, A. B. 1994 A review of Late Cretaceous floras and climates of Arctic RussiaCenozoic Plants and Climates of the ArcticBoulter, M. C.Fischer, H. C.HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag127CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herman, A. B.Spicer, R. A. 1995 Latest Cretaceous flora of northeastern Russia and the “terminal Cretaceous event” in the ArcticPalaeontological Journal 29 22Google Scholar
Herman, A. B.Kvaček, J. 2002 Campanian Grünbach Flora of Lower Austria: preliminary floristics and palaeoclimatologyAnnalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 103A 1Google Scholar
Heřmanová, Z.Kvaček, J.Friis, E. M. 2011
Hermsen, E. J.Gandolfo, M. A.Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L. 2003 gen. nov. (aff. Iteaceae), a fossil saxifrage from the Late Cretaceous of New Jersey, USAAmerican Journal of Botany 90 1373CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hermsen, E. J.Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L. 2006 The impact of extinct taxa on understanding the early evolution of angiosperm clades: an example incorporating fossil reproductive structures of SaxifragalesPlant Systematics and Evolution 260 141Google Scholar
Hernández-Castillo, G. R.Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. 1999 Reproductive and vegetative organs with affinities to Haloragaceae from the Upper Cretaceous Huepac Chert Locality of Sonora, MexicoAmerican Journal of Botany 86 1717CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herngreen, G. F. W. 1973 Palynology of Albian-Cenomanian strata of borehole 1-QS-1-MA, State of Maranhão, BrazilPollen et Spores 15 515Google Scholar
Herngreen, G. F. W. 1975 Palynology of Middle and Upper Cretaceous strata in BrazilMededelingen Rijks Geologische Dienst, Nieuwe Serie 26 39Google Scholar
Herngreen, G. F. W.Chlonova, A. F. 1981 Cretaceous microfloral provincesPollen et Spores 23 441Google Scholar
Herngreen, G. F. W.Kedves, M.Rovnina, L. V.Smirnova, S. B. 1996 Cretaceous palynofloral provinces: a reviewPalynology: Principles and Applications 3 Jansonius, J.McGregor, D. C.Salt Lake CityAmerican Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation1157Google Scholar
Herrera, C. M. 1985 Determinants of plant-animal coevolution: the case of mutualistic dispersal of seeds by vertebratesOikos 44 132CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herrera, C. M. 1986 Vertebrate dispersed plants: why they don't behave the way they shouldFrugivores and Seed DispersalEstrada, A.Fleming, T. H.DordrechtDr W. Junk Publications5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heslop-Harrison, J. 1983 Self-incompatibility: phenomenology and physiologyProceedings of the Royal Society of London 202 73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hesse, M.Weber, M.Halbritter, H. 2000 A comparative study of the polyplicate pollen types in Arales, Laurales, Zingeberales and GnetalesPollen and Spores: Morphology and BiologyHarley, M. M.Morton, C. M.Blackmore, S.KewRoyal Botanic Gardens227Google Scholar
Hesse, M.Zetter, R. 2007 The fossil pollen record of AraceaePlant Systematics and Evolution 263 93CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heywood, V. H.Brummitt, R. K.Culham, A.Seberg, O. 2007 Flowering Plant Families of the WorldKewRoyal Botanic GardensGoogle Scholar
Hickey, L. J.Wolfe, J. A. 1975 The bases of angiosperm phylogeny: vegetative morphologyAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 62 538CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hickey, L. J. 1977 Stratigraphy and paleobotany of the Golden Valley Formation (Early Tertiary) of western North DakotaMemoir of the Geological Society of America, Memoir 150 1Google Scholar
Hickey, L. J.Doyle, J. A. 1977 Early Cretaceous fossil evidence for angiosperm evolutionThe Botanical Review 43 2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hickey, L. J. 1978 Origin of the major features of angiospermous leaf architecture in the fossil recordCourier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 30 27Google Scholar
Hickey, L. J.Peterson, R. K. 1978 , a fossil genus of the ginger family from Late Cretaceous to early Eocene sediments of Western Interior North AmericaCanadian Journal of Botany 56 1136CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hickey, L. J. 1981 Land plant evidence compatible with gradual, not catastrophic, change at the end of the CretaceousNature 292 529CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hickey, L. J. 1984 Northeast of Washington, D.C. to Brooke, VirginiaCretaceous and Tertiary Stratigraphy, Paleontology and Structure, Southwestern Maryland and Northwestern VirginiaFrederiksen, N. O.Kraff, K.Reston, VAUS Geological Survey193Google Scholar
Hicks, J. F.Johnson, K. R.Obradovich, J. D.Miggins, D. P.Tauxe, L. 2003 Magnetostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) to lower Eocene strata of the Denver Basin, ColoradoRocky Mountain Geology 38 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hildebrand, A. R.Penfield, G. T.Kring, D. A. 1991 Chicxulub Crater: a possible Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary impact crater on the Yucatan Peninsula, MexicoGeology 19 8672.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, C. R.Crane, P. R. 1982 Evolutionary cladistics and the origin of angiospermsProblems of Phylogenetic ReconstructionJoysey, K. A.Friday, A. E.New YorkAcademic Press269Google Scholar
Hill, C. R. 1996 A plant with flower-like organs from the Wealden of the Weald (Lower Cretaceous), southern EnglandCretaceous Research 17 27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, R. S. 1994 The history of selected Australian taxaHistory of the Australian VegetationHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press390Google Scholar
Hill, R. S.Dettmann, M. E. 1996 Origin and diversification of the genus The Ecology and Biodiversity of Nothofagus ForestVeblen, T. T.Hill, R. S.Read, J.New Haven, CTYale University Press11Google Scholar
Hill, R. S. 1998 Fossil evidence for the onset of xeromorphy and scleromorphy in Australian ProteaceaeAustralian Systematic Botany 11 391CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hilton, J.Bateman, R. M. 2006 Pteridosperms are the backbone of seed-plant phylogenyJournal of the Torrey Botanical Society 133 119CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hjelmroos, M. 1991 Evidence of long-distance transport of pollenGrana 30 215CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hochuli, P. A. 1979 Ursprung und Verbreitung der RestionaceaeVierteljahrschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich 124 109Google Scholar
Hofmann, C.-C.Zetter, R. 2007 Upper Cretaceous pollen flora from the Vilui Basin, Siberia: circumpolar and endemic , , and speciesGrana 46 227CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hofmann, C.Féraud, G.Courtillot, V. 2000 40Ar/39Ar dating of mineral separates and whole rocks from the Western Ghats lava pile: further constraints on duration and age of the Deccan trapsEarth and Planetary Science Letters 180 13CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hofmann, E. 1952 Pflanzenreste aus dem phosphoritvorkommen von Prambachkirchen in Oberösterreich. IIPalaeontographica 92 122Google Scholar
Hollander, J. L.Vander Wall, S. B. 2009 Dispersal syndromes in North American International Journal of Plant Sciences 170 323CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollick, A. 1894 Observations on the geology and botany of Martha's VineyardTransactions of the New York Academy of Sciences 13 8Google Scholar
Hollick, A. 1902 Geological and botanical notes: Cape Cod and Chappaquidick Island, MassBulletin of the New York Botanical Garden 2Google Scholar
Hollick, A. 1903 A fossil petal and a fossil fruit from the Cretaceous (Dakota Group) of KansasBulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 30 102CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollick, A. 1906 The Cretaceous Flora of Southern New York and New England. Monographs of the US Geological SurveyWashingtonUnited States Geological SurveyGoogle Scholar
Hollick, A. 1912 Additions to the paleobotany of the Cretaceous Formation on Long Island. No. IIIBulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 8 154Google Scholar
Hollick, A. 1930 The Upper Cretaceous floras of AlaskaUS Geological Survey Professional Paper 159 1Google Scholar
Holmes, W. B. K.Ash, S. R. 1979 An Early Triassic megafossil flora from the Lorne Basin, New South WalesProceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 103 47Google Scholar
Holmes, W. B. K. 1987 New corystosperm ovulate fructifications from the Middle Triassic of eastern AustraliaAlcheringa 11 165CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, W. B. K.Holmes, F. M. 1992 Fossil flowers of Sm. (family Cunoniaceae) from the Tertiary of AustraliaProceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 113 265Google Scholar
Hoot, S. B.Magallón, S.Crane, P. R. 1999 Phylogeny of basal eudicots based on three molecular data sets: B, L, and 18S nuclear ribosomal DNA sequencesAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hotton, C. L. K.Leffingwell, H. A.Skvarla, J. 1994 Pollen ultrastructure of Pandanaceae and the fossil genus Ultrastructure of Fossil Spores and Pollen. Its Bearing on Relationships among Fossil and Living GroupsKurmann, M. H.Doyle, J. A.KewThe Royal Botanic Gardens173Google Scholar
Hou, L.Martin, L. D.Zhou, Z.Feduccia, A. 1996 Early adaptive radiation of birds: evidence from fossils from northeastern ChinaScience 274 1164CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howe, J.Cantrill, D. J. 2001 Palaeoecology and taxonomy of Pentoxylales from the Albian of AntarcticaCretaceous Research 22 779CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, S.Dilcher, D. L.Jarzen, D. M.Taylor, D. W. 2008 Early steps of angiosperm-pollinator coevolutionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105 240CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hu, S.Jarzen, D. M.Dilcher, D. L. 2008 New species of angiosperm pollen from the Dakota Formation (Cenomanian, Upper Cretaceous) of Minnesota, U.S.APalynology 32 17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, B. T.Watkins, D. K. 1992 Biogeography of Campanian-Maastrichtian calcareous plankton in the region of the Southern Ocean: paleogeographic and paleoclimatic implicationsAntarctic Research Series 56 31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, H. 1993 AristolochiaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag129Google Scholar
Huber, H. 1998 DioscoreaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag216Google Scholar
Huddlestun, P. F.Hetrick, J. H. 1991 The Stratigraphic Framework of the Fort Valley Plateau and the Central Georgia Kaolin District. Georgia Geological Society GuidebooksCarrollton, GAGeorgia Geological SocietyGoogle Scholar
Hueber, F. M.Watson, J. 1988 The unusual Upper Cretaceous conifer from eastern U.S.ABotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 98 117CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huelsenbeck, J. P.Larget, B.Swofford, D. L. 2000 A compound poisson process for relaxing the molecular clockGenetics 154 1879Google ScholarPubMed
Hufford, L. D.Crane, P. R. 1989 A preliminary phylogenetic analysis of ???lower??? HamamelidaeEvolution, Systematics and Fossil History of the HamamelidaeCrane, P. R.Blackmore, S.OxfordClarendon Press175Google Scholar
Hufford, L. D.Endress, P. K. 1989 The diversity of stamen structures and dehiscence patterns among HamamelididaeBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 99 301CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hufford, L. D. 1992 Rosidae and their relationships to other nonmagnoliid dicotyledons: a phylogenetic analysis using morphological and chemical dataAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 79 218CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hufford, L. D. 1996 The origin and early evolution of angiosperm stamensThe Anther. Form, Function and PhylogenyD'Arcy, W. G.Keating, R. C.CambridgeCambridge University58Google Scholar
Hughes, L.Dunlop, M.French, K. 1994 Predicting dispersal spectra; a minimum set of hypotheses based on plant attributesJournal of Ecology 82 933CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, N. F. 1961 Fossil evidence and angiosperm ancestryScience Progress 49 84Google Scholar
Hughes, N. F. 1961 Further interpretation of Erdtman 1948Palaeontology 4 292Google Scholar
Hughes, N. F.Moody-Stuart, J. C. 1967 Palynological facies and correlation in the English WealdenReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 1 259CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, N. F. 1975 Plant succession in the English Wealden strataProceedings of the Geologists' Association 86 439CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, N. F. 1976 Palaeobiology of Angiosperm OriginsCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Hughes, N. F.Drewry, G.Laing, J. F. 1979 Barremian earliest angiosperm pollenPalaeontology 22 513Google Scholar
Hughes, N. F. 1986 The problems of data-handling for early angiosperm-like pollenSystematic and Taxonomic Approaches in PalaeobotanySpicer, R. A.Thomas, B. A.OxfordClarendon Press233Google Scholar
Hughes, N. F.McDougall, A. B. 1987 Records of angiospermid pollen entry into the English Early Cretaceous successionReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 50 255CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, N. F.McDougall, A. B. 1989 New Wealden correlation for the Wessex BasinProceedings of the Geologists' Association 101 85CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, N. F.McDougall, A. B. 1990 Barremian-Aptian angiospermid pollen records from southern EnglandReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 65 145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, N. F.McDougall, A. B.Chapman, J. L. 1991 Exceptional new record of Cretaceous Hauterivian angiospermid pollen from southern EnglandJournal of Micropalaeontology 10 75CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, N. F. 1994 The Enigma of Angiosperm OriginsCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Hunt, T.Bergsten, J.Levkanicova, Z. 2007 A comprehensive phylogeny of beetles reveals the evolutionary origins of a superradiationScience 318 1913CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hutchinson, J. 1959 The Families of Flowering PlantsOxfordClarendon PressGoogle Scholar
Huzioka, K. 1961 A new Paleogene species of the genus from Hokkaido, JapanTransactions and Proceedings of Palaeontological Society of Japan, New Series 41 9Google Scholar
Hvalj, A. V. 2001
Ibrahim, M.Schrank, E. 1996 Palynological studies on the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous of the Kahraman -1 well, northern Western Desert, EgyptGéologie de l'Afrique et de l'Atlantique Sud: Actes Colloques Angers 611Google Scholar
Ibrahim, M. I. A. 2002 New angiosperm pollen from the Upper Barremian–Aptian of the Western Desert, EgyptPalynology 26 107Google Scholar
Ickert-Bond, S. M.Wojciechowski, M. F. 2004 Phylogenetic relationships in (Gnetales): Evidence from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence dataSystematic Botany 29 834CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ickert-Bond, S. M.Pigg, K. B.Wen, J. 2007 Comparative infructescence morphology in (Altingiaceae) and discordance between morphological and molecular phylogeniesAmerican Journal of Botany 94 1094CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Igersheim, A.Endress, P. K. 1997 Gynoecium diversity and systematics of the Magnoliales and winteroidsBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 124 213CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Igersheim, A.Endress, P. K. 1998 Gynoecium diversity and systematics of the paleoherbsBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 127 289CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, S. T.Weng, C. 1999 Late Quaternary extinction of a tree species in eastern North AmericaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 96 13 847CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacobs, B. F.Kabuye, C. H. S. 1989 An extinct species of Thunberg (Commelinaceae) from the Miocene Ngorora Formation, KenyaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 59 67CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobs, B. F.Kingston, J. D.Jacobs, L. L. 1999 The origin of grass-dominated ecosystemsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 590CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacques, F. M. B.De Franceschi, D. 2005 Endocarps of Menispermaceae from Le Quesnoy outcrop (Sparnacian facies, Lower Eocene, Paris Basin)Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 135 61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaeger, J.-J.Courtillot, V.Tapponnier, P. 1989 Paleontological view of the ages of the Deccan Traps, the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, and the India-Asia collisionGeology 17 3162.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jain, R. K. 1964 Studies in Musaceae – 1. sp. nov., a fossil banana fruit from the Deccan Intertrappean Series, IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 12 45Google Scholar
Jan du Chêne, R. E.Adegoke, O. S.Adediran, S. A.Petters, S. W. 1978 Palynology and foraminifera of the Lokoja Sandstone (Maastrichtian), Bida Basin, NigeriaRevista Español de Micropaleontología 10 379Google Scholar
Jan du Chêne, R. E.Klasz, I. deArchibong, E. E. 1978 Biostratigraphic study of the borehole OJO-1, SW Nigeria, with special emphasis on the Cretaceous microfloraRevue de Micropaléontologie 21 123Google Scholar
Janchen, E. 1950 Die Herkunft der Angiospermen-Blüte und die systematische Stellung der ApetalenÖsterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 97 129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jansen, R. K.Cai, Z.Raubeson, L. A. 2007 Analysis of 81 genes from 64 plastid genomes resolves relationships in angiosperms and identifies genome-scale evolutionary patternsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 104 19 369CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Janzen, D. H.Martin, P. S. 1982 Neotropical anachronisms: the fruits the gomphotheres ateScience 215 19CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Janzen, D. H. 1983 Dispersal of seeds in vertebrate gutsCoevolutionFutuyma, D. J.Slatkin, M.Sunderland, MASinauer232Google Scholar
Jardiné, S.Magloire, L. 1965 Palynologie et stratigraphie du Crétacé des bassins du Sénegal et de Côte d'IvoireMémoires du Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières 32 187Google Scholar
Jardiné, S. 1967 Spores à expansions en forme d'élatères du Crétacé moyen d'Afrique occidentaleReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 1 235CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jardiné, S.Doerenkamp, A.Biens, P. 1974 , un pollen caractéristique de Crétacé inférieur afro-sudaméricain. Conséquences pour l'évaluation des unités climatiques et implications dans la dérive des continentsBulletin des sciences géologiques de Strasbourg 27 69Google Scholar
Jarmolenko, A. V. 1935 The Upper Cretaceous flora of the North-Western Kara-TauActa Universitatis Asiae Mediae. Series Viiib. Botanica 28 1Google Scholar
Jarvis, C. E. 1989 A review of the family Buxaceae DumortierEvolution, Systematics and Fossil History of the Hamamelidae. I: Introduction and ‘Lower’ HamamelidaeCrane, P. R.Blackmore, S.OxfordClarendon Press273Google Scholar
Jarzembowski, E. A. 1991 The Weald Clay of the Weald: report of 1988/1989 field meetingsProceedings of the Geologists' Association 102 83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarzen, D. M.Norris, G. 1975 Evolutionary significance and botanical relationships of Cretaceous angiosperm pollen in the western Canadian interiorGeoscience and Man 11 47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarzen, D. M. 1977 and some Santalalean genera. A botanical comparisonGrana 16 29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarzen, D. M. 1982 Palynology of Dinosaur Provincial Park (Campanian) AlbertaSyllogeus 38 1Google Scholar
Jarzen, D. M. 1983 The fossil pollen record of the PandanaceaeGardens' Bulletin 36 163Google Scholar
Jarzen, D. M.Dettmann, M. E. 1989 Taxonomic revision of Cookson ex Couper, 1953 with notes on the biogeography of LPollen et Spores 31 97Google Scholar
Jarzen, D. M.Pocknall, D. T. 1993 Tertiary (Couper) Pocknall & Mildenhall, 1984 and modern pollen: a botanical comparisonNew Zealand Journal of Botany 31 185CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ji, Q.Luo, Z.-X.Yuan, C.-X. 2002 The earliest known eutherian mammalNature 416 816CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ji, Q.Li, H.Bowe, L. M.Liu, Y.Taylor, D. W. 2004 Early Cretaceous sp. nov., with bisexual flowers from Beipiao, Western Liaoning, ChinaActa Geologica Sinica 78 883Google Scholar
Johnson, K. R. 1996 Description of seven common plant megafossils from the Hell Creek Formation (Late Cretaceous: late Maastrichtian), North Dakota, South Dakota, and MontanaProceedings of the Denver Museum of Nature & Science 3 1Google Scholar
Johnson, K. R. 2002 Megaflora of the Hell Creek and lower Fort Union Formations in the western Dakotas: vegetational response to climate change, the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event, and rapid marine transgressionGeological Society of America, Special Paper 361 329Google Scholar
Johnson, K. R.Reynolds, M. L.Werth, K. W.Thomasson, J. R. 2003 Overview of the Late Cretaceous, early Paleocene, and early Eocene megafloras of the Denver Basin, ColoradoRocky Mountain Geology 38 101CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, L. 2004 http://tolweb.org/Polemoniaceae/20812/2004.04.25http://tolweb.org/
Johnson, L. A. S.Wilson, K. L. 1990 General traits of the CycadalesThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Kramer, K. U.Green, P. S.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag363Google Scholar
Johnson, L. A. S.Wilson, K. L. 1993 CasuarinaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag237Google Scholar
Jones, D. L. 2002 Cycads of the WorldWashington, D.CSmithsonian Institution PressGoogle Scholar
Jones, O. A. 1926 The Tertiary deposits of the Moreton districtProceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 38 23Google Scholar
Jordan, G. J.Macphail, M. K. 2003 A Middle-Late Eocene inflorescence of Caryophyllaceae from Tasmania, AustraliaAmerican Journal of Botany 90 761CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jordan, R. R. 1983 Stratigraphic nomenclature of nonmarine Cretaceous rocks of inner margin of coastal plain in Delaware and adjacent statesDelaware Geological Survey Report of Investigation 37 1Google Scholar
Jordano, P. 1995 Angiosperm fleshy fruits and seed dispersers: a comparative analysis of adaptation and constraints on plant-animal interactionsAmerican Naturalist 145 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Judd, W. S.Campbell, C. S.Kellogg, E. A.Stevens, P. F.Donoghue, M. J. 2002 Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic ApproachSunderland, MASinauer AssociatesGoogle Scholar
Judd, W. S.Olmstead, R. G. 2004 A survey of tricolpate (eudicot) phylogenetic relationshipsAmerican Journal of Botany 91 1627CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Juhász, M.Góczán, F. 1985 Comparative study of Albian monosulcate angiosperm pollen grainsActa Biologica Szegediensis 31 147Google Scholar
Jähnichen, H. 1965 Beiträge zur Tertiärflora der Lausitz. Inkohlte Blätter und EpidermisstrukturenMonatsberichte der deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 7 664Google Scholar
Kadereit, J. W. 2007 Asterales: introduction and conspectusThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag1Google Scholar
Karsten, G. 1918 Zur Phylogenie der AngiospermenZeitschrift für Botanik 10 369Google Scholar
Kato, M.Inoue, T. 1994 Origin of insect pollinationNature 368CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kedves, M.Diniz, F. 1967 Quelque type sporomorphes de sediments crétacé d'Aveiro, PortugalComunicações dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal 52 17Google Scholar
Kedves, M.Pittau, P. 1979 Contribution à la connaissance des pollens des Normapolles du Crétacé Supérieur du PortugalPollen et Spores 21 169Google Scholar
Kedves, M.Diniz, F. 1981 Probrevaxones, a new pollen group for the first Brevaxones form-genera from the Upper Cenomanian of PortugalActa Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 27 383Google Scholar
Kelber, K.-P.Franz, L.Stachel, T.Lorenz, V.Okrusch, M. 1992 Plant fossils from Gross Brukkaros (Namibia) and their biostratigraphical significanceCommunications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 8 57Google Scholar
Kelch, D. G. 1998 Phylogeny of Podocarpaceae: comparison of evidence from morphology and 18S rDNAAmerican Journal of Botany 85 986CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keller, J. A.Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R. 1996 Fossil flowers and fruits of the Actinidiaceae from the Campanian (Late Cretaceous) of GeorgiaAmerican Journal of Botany 83 528CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelley, D. R.Gasser, C. S. 2009 Ovule development: genetic trends and evolutionary considerationsSexual Plant Reproduction 22 229CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kemp, E. M. 1968 Probable angiosperm pollen from British Barremian to Albian strataPalaeontology 11 421Google Scholar
Kemp, E. M. 1970 Aptian and Albian miospores from southern EnglandPalaeontographica 131 73Google Scholar
Kemp, E. M.Harris, W. K. 1975 The vegetation of Tertiary islands on the Ninetyeast RidgeNature 258CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keng, H. 1993 IlliciaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag344Google Scholar
Kennedy, E. M.Spicer, R. A.Rees, P. M. 2002 Quantitative palaeoclimate estimates from Late Cretaceous and Paleocene leaf floras in the northwest of the South Island, New ZealandPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 184 321CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennedy, E. M.Lovis, J. D.Daniel, J. L. 2003 Discovery of a Cretaceous angiosperm reproductive structure from New ZealandNew Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics Abstracts 46 519CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennedy, P. 1991 Cycad-insect relationshipsEncephalartos 27 22Google Scholar
Kennedy, W. J.Crame, J. A.Bengtson, P.Thomson, M. R. A. 2007 Coniacian ammonites from James Ross Island, AntarcticaCretaceous Research 28 509CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenrick, P.Crane, P. R. 1997 The Origin and Early Diversification of Land Plants. A Cladistic StudyWashington, D.CSmithsonian Institution PressGoogle Scholar
Kerp, J. H. F. 1988 Aspects of Permian palaeobotany and palynology. X. The west and central European species of the genus Krasser emend. Kerp (Peltaspermaceae) and the form-genus Kerp (callipterid foliage)Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 54 249CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerr, R. A. 1984 How to make a warm Cretaceous climateScience 222 677Google Scholar
Kessler, P. J. A. 1993 MenispermaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag402Google Scholar
Kessler, P. J. A. 1993 AnnonaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag93Google Scholar
Khand, Y.Badamgarav, D.Ariunchimeg, Y.Barsbold, R. 2000 Cretaceous system in Mongolia and its depositional environmentsCretaceous Environments of AsiaOkada, H.Mateer, N. J.AmsterdamElsevier49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kielan-Jaworowska, Z.Dashzeveg, D.Trofimov, B. A. 1987 Early Cretaceous multituberculates from Mongolia and a comparison with Late Jurassic formsActa Palaeontologica Polonica 32 3Google Scholar
Kim, S.Park, C.-W.Kim, Y.-D.Suh, Y. 2001 Phylogenetic relationships in family Magnoliaceae inferred from sequencesAmerican Journal of Botany 88 717CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimura, T.Ohana, T. 1992 Cretaceous palaeobotany and phytogeography in eastern EurasiaPaleontological Society of Korea, Special Publication 1 27Google Scholar
Kimura, T. 2000 Early Cretaceous climatic provinces in Japan and adjacent regions on the basis of fossil land plantsCretaceous Environments of AsiaOkada, H.Mateer, N. J.AmsterdamElsevier155CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirchheimer, F. 1937 Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Tertiärflora. Früchte und Samen aus dem deutschen TertiärPalaeontographica 82 73Google Scholar
Kirchheimer, F. 1950 Die Symplocaceen der erdgeschichtlichen VergangenheitPalaeontographica 90 1Google Scholar
Kirchheimer, F. 1957 Die Laubgewächse der BraunkohlenzeitHalleWilhelm Knapp VerlagGoogle Scholar
Kirillova, G. L.Markevitch, V. S.Belyi, V. F. 2000 Cretaceous environmental changes of East RussiaCretaceous Environments of AsiaOkada, H.Mateer, N. J.AmsterdamElsevier1Google Scholar
Kirk, W. D. J. 1984 Pollen-feeding in thrips (Insecta: Thysanoptera)Journal of Zoology 204 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klavins, S. D.Taylor, T. N.Taylor, E. L. 2002 Anatomy of (Corystospermales) from the Triassic of AntarcticaAmerican Journal of Botany 89 664CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knappe, H.Rüffle, L. 1975 Neue Monimiaceen-Blätter im Santon des Subherzyn und ihre phytogeographischen Beziehungen zur Flora des ehemaligen Gondwana-KontinentsWissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 24 493Google Scholar
Knobloch, E. 1964 Neue Pflanzenfunde aus dem südböhmischen SenonJahrbuch des Staatlichen Museums für Mineralogie und Geologie zu Dresden 1964 133Google Scholar
Knobloch, E. 1971 Fossile Früchte und Samen aus der Flyschzone der mährischen KarpatenSborník geologických Ved, Paleontologie 13 7Google Scholar
Knobloch, E. 1975 Früchte und Samen aus der Gosauformation von Kössen in ÖsterreichVěstnik Ústředního ústavu geologického 50 83Google Scholar
Knobloch, E. 1977 Paläokarpologische Characteristik der Flyschzone der mährischen KarpatenSborník geologických Ved, Paleontologie 19 79Google Scholar
Knobloch, E.Mai, D.-H. 1983 Carbonized seeds and fruits from the Cretaceous of Bohemia and Moravia and their stratigraphical significanceKnihovnicka Zemního plynu a nafty 4 305Google Scholar
Knobloch, E.Mai, D. H. 1984 Neue Gattungen nach Früchten und Samen aus dem Cenoman bis Maastricht (Kreide) von MitteleuropaFeddes Repertorium 95 3Google Scholar
Knobloch, E. 1985 Paläobotanisch-biostratigraphische Characteristik der Klikov-Schichtenfolge (Oberturon-Santon) in SüdböhmenSborník geologických Ved, Geologie 40 101Google Scholar
Knobloch, E.Mai, D. H. 1986 Monographie der Früchte und Samen in der Kreide von MitteleuropaRozpravy ústredního ústavu geologickénho, Praha 47 1Google Scholar
Knobloch, E. 1997 Velenovský – eine altertümliche PlatanePalaeontographica 242 127Google Scholar
Knoll, A. H.Niklas, K. J.Tiffney, B. H. 1979 Phanerozoic land-plant diversity in North AmericaScience 206 1400CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knowlton, F. H. 1901
Knowlton, F. H. 1923 Revision of the flora of the Green River FormationUS Geolological Survey, Professional Paper 131 133Google Scholar
Knowlton, F. H. 1930 The flora of the Denver and associated formations of ColoradoUS Geological Survey, Professional Paper 155 1Google Scholar
Koch, B. E. 1964 Review of fossil floras and nonmarine deposits of West GreenlandGeological Society of America Bulletin 75 535CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koch, B. E.Friedrich, W. L. 1971 Früchte und Samen von aus der miozänen Fasterholt-Flora in DänemarkPalaeontographica 136 1Google Scholar
Koch, B. E. 1972 Fossil fruit from the Upper Danian of Nûgssuaq, West GreenlandMeddelelser om Grønland 193 1Google Scholar
Kolakovsky, A. A. 1957 Pervoe dopolnenie k kodorskoj flore (Meore-Atara)Trudy Sukhumskago Botanicheskago sada 10 237Google Scholar
Kolakovsky, A. A. 1964 Pliotsenovaja flora PitsundyTrudy Sukhumskago Botanicheskago sada 14 1Google Scholar
Konopka, A. S.Herendeen, P. S.Merrill, G. L. S.Crane, P. R. 1997 Sporophytes and gametophytes of Polytrichaceae from the Campanian (Late Cretaceous) of GeorgiaInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 158 489CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Konopka, A. S.Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R. 1998 Sporophytes and gametophytes of Dicranaceae from the Santonian (Late Cretaceous) of Georgia, USAAmerican Journal of Botany 85 714CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koponen, T. 1968 Generic revision of Mniaceae Mitt. (Bryophyta)Annales Botanici Fennici 5 117Google Scholar
Koppelhus, E. B.Batten, D. J. 1989 Late Cretaceous megaspores from southern Sweden: morphology and palaeoenvironmental significancePalynology 13 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koriba, K.Miki, S. 1958 . The Palaeobotanist 7 107
Kovar-Eder, J. 1992 A remarkable preservation state of fossil leaves recognized in Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 147 393Google Scholar
Kramer, E. M.Hall, J. C. 2005 Evolutionary dynamics of genes controlling floral developmentCurrent Opinion in Plant Biology 8 13CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kramer, E. M.Hodges, S. A. 2010 as a model system for the evolution and ecology of petalsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365 477CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krasser, F. 1896 Beiträge zur Kenntniss der fossilen Kreideflora von Kunstadt in MährenBeiträge zur Paläontologie Österreich-Ungarns und des Orientes 10 113Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1967 Early Cretaceous Flora of South Primorye and its Stratigraphic SignificanceMoscowNaukaGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1973 The Jurassic disseminules with pappus and their bearing on the problem of angiosperm ancestryGeophytology 3 1Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1975 Dirhopalostachyaceae – a new family of proangiosperms and its bearing on the problem of angiosperm ancestryPalaeontographica 153 100Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1975 Paleoecology of Terrestrial Plants. Basic Principles and TechniquesNew York, TorontoJohn Wiley & SonsGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1977 The origin of angiospermsThe Botanical Review 43 143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1977 Contribution to the knowledge of the CaytonialesReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 24 155CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1982 Early Cretaceous flora of MongoliaPalaeontographica 181 1Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Bugdaeva, 1982 Achene-like fossils from the Lower Cretaceous of the Lake Baikal areaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 36 279CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Shilin, P. V.Vachrameev, V. A. 1983 Cretaceous flowers from KazakhstanReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 40 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1984 New paleobotanical data on origin and early evolution of angiospermyAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 577CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1986 New floral structures from the Lower Cretaceous of Lake Baikal areaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 47 9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Bugdaeva, E. V. 1988 Gnetalean plants from the Jurassic of Ust-Balej, East SiberiaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 53 359CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Bugdaeva, E. V. 1988 Protocycadopsid pteridosperms from the Lower Cretaceous of Transbaikalie and the origin of cycadsPalaeontographica 208 27Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Dobruskina, I. A. 1995 Angiosperm fruit from the Lower Cretaceous of Israel and orgins in rift valleysPaleontological Journal 29 110Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Shilin, P. V. 1995 New platanoid staminate heads from the mid-Cretaceous of KazakhstanReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 85 207CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 1997 Angiosperm Origins: Morphological and Ecological AspectsSofiaPensoftGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Dilcher, D. L.Douglas, J. G. 1998 New ephedroid plant from the Lower Cretaceous Koonwarra Fossil Bed, Victoria, AustraliaAlcheringa 22 123CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Dobruskina, I. A. 1998 A graminoid plant from the Cretaceous of the Middle EastPaleontological Journal 32 429Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Bacchia, F. 2000 Cenomanian florule of Nammoura, LebanonCretaceous Research 21 785CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Bugdaeva, E. V. 2000 Gnetophyte assemblage from the Early CretaceousPalaeontographica 253 139Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Golovneva, L. B. 2001 Inflorescence with tricolpate pollen grains from the Cenomanian of Tschulymo-Yenisey Basin, West SiberiaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 40 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Tekleva, M.Meyer-Melikyan, N.Rasnitsyn, A. P. 2003 New pollen morphotype from the gut compression of a Cretaceous insect, and bearing on palynomorphological evolution and paleoecologyCretaceous Research 24 149CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A. 2004 Cretaceous floral structures from Negev, Israel as evidence of angiosperm radiation in the Gondwana realmActa Palaeobotanica 44 37Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Golovneva, L. B. 2004 A minute mid-Cretaceous flower from Siberia and implications for the problem of basal angiospermsGeodiversitas 26 5Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Lewy, Z.Nevo, E.Silantieva, N. 2005 Late Cretaceous (Turonian) Flora of Southern Negev, IsraelSofia-MoscowPensoftGoogle Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Rasnitsyn, A. P.Afonin, S. A. 2007 Pollen eaters and pollen morphology: co-evolution through the Permian and MesozoicAfrican Invertebrates 48 3Google Scholar
Krassilov, V. A.Volynets, Y. 2008 Weedy Albian angiospermsActa Palaeobotanica 48 151Google Scholar
Krause, D. W.Hartman, J. H. 1996 Late Cretaceous fossils from Madagascar and their implications for biogeographic relationships with the Indian subcontinentMemoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica 37 135Google Scholar
Kreunen, S. S.Osborn, J. M. 1999 Pollen and anther development in (Nelumbonaceae)American Journal of Botany 86 1662CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kristensen, N. P. 1984 Studies on the morphology and systematics of primitive Lepidoptera (Insecta)Steenstrupia 10 141Google Scholar
Kristensen, N. P.Scoble, M. J.Karstholt, O. 2007 Lepidoptera phylogeny and systematics: the state of inventorying moth and butterfly diversityZootaxa 1668 699Google Scholar
Kruse, H. O. 1954 Some Eocene dicotyledonous woods from Eden Valley, WyomingThe Ohio Journal of Science 54 243Google Scholar
Krutzsch, W. 1962 Stratigraphisch bzw. botanisch wichtige neue Sporen- und Pollenformen aus dem deutschen TertiärGeologie 11 265Google Scholar
Krutzsch, W. 1966 Zur Kenntnis der präquartären periporaten Pollenformen im nördlichen MitteleuropaGeologie 15 16Google Scholar
Krutzsch, W. 1966 Die sporenstratigraphische Gliederung der Oberkreide im nördlichen Mitteleuropa – Methodische Grundlagen und gegenwärtiger Stand der UntersuchungenAbhandlungen des Zentralen geologischen Instituts 5 111Google Scholar
Krutzsch, W.Lenk, G. 1969 Über 5 neue Pollenarten aus dem Maastricht der Bohrung Colbitz 10 (Calvoorder Scholle, D.D.R.)Monatsberichte der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenchaften zu Berlin 11 938Google Scholar
Krutzsch, W. 1970 Zur Kenntnis fossiler disperser TetradenpollenPaläontologische Abhandlungen Abteilung B, Paläobotanik 3 399Google Scholar
Krutzsch, W. 1970 Atlas der Mittel- und Jungtertiaren Dispersen Sporen und Pollen – Sowie der Mikroplanktonformen des Nordlichen Mitteleuropas, . Monoporate, Monocolpate, Longicolpate, Dicolpate und Ephedroide (Polyplicate) PollenformenJenaGustav Fischer VerlagGoogle Scholar
Krutzsch, W. 1989 Paleogeography and historical phytogeography (paleochorology) in the NeophyticumPlant Systematics and Evolution 162 5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kryshtofovich, A. N. 1929 Discovery of the oldest dicotyledons of Asia in the equivalents of the Potomac Group in Suchan, Ussuriland, SiberiaBulletins du Comité Géologique 48 1357Google Scholar
Kräusel, R. 1922 Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Kreideflora. I. Über einige Kreidepflanzen von Swalmen (Niederlande)Mededelingen Rijks Geologischen Dienst, Serie A 2 1Google Scholar
Kräusel, R. 1923 Über pflanzenführende Kreideschichten aus der Umgebung von Heerlen (Holländ. Limburg) und die Verbreitung des Aachener Sandes in den südlichen NiederlandenSenckenbergiana 5 145Google Scholar
Kräusel, R. 1939 Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Strömer's in der Wüsten Ägyptens. IV. Die fossilen Floren ÄgyptensAbhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlige Abteilung. Neue Folge 47 1Google Scholar
Kräusel, R. 1948 nov. gen. nov. sp., eine Bennettitee aus der Trias von Lunz (Nieder-Österreich)Senckenbergiana 29 141Google Scholar
Kräusel, R.Weyland, H. 1950 Kritische Untersuchungen zur Kutikularanalyse tertiärer Blätter. IPalaeontographica 91 7Google Scholar
Kräusel, R.Schaarschmidt, F. 1968 Harris (Dipteridaceae) aus dem Unteren Jura von SassendorfPalaeontographica 123 124Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1990 GnetaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag383Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1990 EphedraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag379Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1990 WelwitschiaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag387Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1993 CalycanthaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag197Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1993 MyrothamnaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag468Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1993 FagaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag301Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1993 HernandiaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag457Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1993 CanellaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag200Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1993 GomortegaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag318Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1993 LactoridaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag359Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1993 PlatanaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag521Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1998 StemonaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag422Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K. 1998 TyphaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag457Google Scholar
Kulkarni, A. R.Patil, K. S. 1977 from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Wardha district, MaharashtraGeophytology 7 44Google Scholar
Kuprianova, L. A. 1979 On the possibility of the development of tricolpate pollen from monosulcateGrana 18 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuyl, O. S.Muller, J.Waterbolk, H. T. 1955 The application to palynology of oil geology with special reference of western VenezuelaGeologie en Mijnbouw 17 49Google Scholar
Kvaček, J. 1998
Kvaček, J. 1999 New data and revision of three gymnosperms from the Cenomanian of Bohemia – (Velenovský) Velenovský, (Corda) comb. n. and (Velenovský) comb. nActa Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B, Historia Naturalis 55 15Google Scholar
Kvaček, J.Pacltová, B. 2001 gen. et sp. nov., a new bearing pollen organ from the Cenomanian of BohemiaCretaceous Research 22 695CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kvaček, J.Eklund, H. 2003 A report on newly recovered reproductive structures from the Cenomanian of Bohemia (Central Europe)International Journal of Plant Sciences 164 1021CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kvaček, J.Herman, A. B. 2004 Monocotyledons from the Early Campanian (Cretaceous) of Grünbach, Lower AustriaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 128 323CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kvaček, J.Friis, E. M. 2010 gen. nov., a new angiosperm reproductive structure with monocolpate-reticulate pollen from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of the Czech RepublicGrana 49 115CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kvaček, Z. 1992 Lauralean angiosperms in the CretaceousCourier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 147 345Google Scholar
Kvaček, Z.Manum, S. B.Boulter, M. C. 1994 Angiosperms from the Paleocene of Spitsbergen, including an unfinished work by A.G. NathorstPalaeontographica 232 103Google Scholar
Kvaček, Z. 1995 Krassilov – a fossil link between the Araceae and the LemnaceaeAquatic Botany 50 49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kvaček, Z.Sakala, J. 1999 Twig with attached leaves, fruits and seeds of (Lythraceae) from the Lower Miocene of northern Bohemia, and implications for the identification of detached leaves and seedsReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 107 201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kvaček, Z. 2008 Whole-plant reconstructions in fossil angiosperm researchInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 918CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Köhler, E. 1980 Zur Pollenmorphologie und systematischen Stellung der Didymelaceae LeandriFeddes Repertorium 91 581CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Köhler, E. 1981 Pollen morphology of the West Indian-Central American species of the genus L. (Buxaceae)Pollen et Spores 32 37Google Scholar
Köhler, E.Brückner, P. 1982 Die Pollenmorphologie der afrikanischen - und -arten (Buxaceae) und ihre systematische BedeutungGrana 21 71CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labandeira, C. C.Sepkoski, J. J. 1993 Insect diversity in the fossil recordScience 261 310CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labandeira, C. C.Dilcher, D. L.Davis, D. R.Wagner, D. L. 1994 Ninety-seven million years of angiosperm-insect association: paleobiological insights into the meaning of coevolutionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 91 12 278CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labandeira, C. C. 1998 The role of insects in Late Jurassic to Middle Cretaceous EcosystemsLower and Middle Cretaceous Terrestrial EcosystemsLucas, G. S.Kirkland, J. I.Estep, J. W.New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14 105Google Scholar
Lacey, W. S. 1976 Further observations on the Molteno flora of RhodesiaArnoldia 36 1Google Scholar
Lakhanpal, R. N. 1970 Tertiary floras of India and their bearing on the historical geology of the regionTaxon 19 675CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lam, H. J. 1950 Stachyospory and phyllospory as factors in the natural system of CormophytaSvensk Botanisk Tidskrift 44 517Google Scholar
Łańcucka-Środoniowa, M. 1967 Two new genera: Planch. and Thunb. in the younger Tertiary of PolandActa Palaeobotanica 8 1Google Scholar
Larson, R. L. 1991 Latest pulse of the Earth: evidence for a mid-Cretaceous super plumeGeology 19 5472.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larsson, S. G. 1978 Baltic Amber – a Palaeobiological StudyKlampenborgScandinavian Science Press LtdGoogle Scholar
Lauverjat, J.Pons, D. 1978 Le gisement s??nonien d'Esgueira (Portugal): stratigraphie et flore fossile103e Congrès National des Sociétés SavantesNancy 1978119Google Scholar
Le Thomas, A.Suárez-Cervera, M.Goldblatt, P. 1996 Deux types polliniques originaux dans le genre (Iridaceae-Nivenioideae): implications phylogéniquesGrana 35 87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leishman, M. R.Westoby, M.Jurado, E. 1995 Correlates of seed size variation: a comparison among five temperate florasJournal of Ecology 83 517CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leng, Q.Friis, E. M. 2003 gen. et sp. nov, a new angiosperm with syncarpous fruits from the Yixian Formation of Northeast ChinaPlant Systematics and Evolution 241 77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leng, Q.Wu, S.Friis, E. M. 2003 AngiospermsThe Jehol BiotaChang, M.Chen, P.Wang, Y.Wang, Y.Miao, D.ShanghaiShanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers178Google Scholar
Leng, Q.Yang, H. 2003 Pyrite framboids associated with the Mesozoic Jehol Biota in northeastern China: implications for microenvironment during early fossilizationProgress in Natural Science 13 206Google Scholar
Leng, Q.Schönenberger, J.Friis, E. M. 2005 Late Cretaceous follicular fruits from southern Sweden with systematic affinities to early diverging eudicotsBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 148 377CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leng, Q.Friis, E. M. 2006 Angiosperm leaves associated with Leng et Friis infructescences from the Yixian Formation (mid-Early Cretaceous) of NE ChinaPlant Systematics and Evolution 262 173CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Les, D. H. 1993 CeratophyllaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.) Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag246Google Scholar
Les, D. H.Cleland, M. A.Waycott, M. 1997 Phylogenetic studies in Alismatidae, II: evolution of marine angiosperms (‘seagrasses’) and hydrophilySystematic Botany 22 443CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lesquereux, L. 1868 On some Cretaceous fossil plants from NebraskaAmerican Journal of Science 46 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lesquereux, L. 1874 Contributions to the fossil flora of the Western Territories. Part I. The Cretaceous floraReport of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 6 1Google Scholar
Lesquereux, L. 1878 Contributions to the fossil flora of the Western Territories. Part II. The Tertiary floraReport of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 7 1Google Scholar
Lesquereux, L. 1883 Contributions to the fossil flora of Western Territories. Part III. The Cretaceous and Tertiary florasReport of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 8 1Google Scholar
Lesquereux, L. 1892 Flora of the Dakota GroupMonographs of the United States Geological Survey 17 1Google Scholar
Lesquereux, L. 1893 The genus American Geologist 12 209Google Scholar
Levina, A. P.Zhelezko, V. I.Leiptsig, A. B. 1990 The Sokolov and Sarbay ironmine quarriesUpper Cretaceous Deposits of the Southern Transural (The Region of the Upper Current of the Tobol River)Papulov, G. N.Zhelezko, V. I.Levina, A. P.SverdlovskAkademia Nauk SSSR46Google Scholar
Li, H.Taylor, E. L.Taylor, T. N. 1996 Permian vessel elementsScience 271 188CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, H. 2003 Lower Cretaceous angiosperm leaf from Wuhe in Anhui, ChinaChinese Science Bulletin 48 611CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, H.-Q. 2005 Early Cretaceous sarraceniacean-like pitcher plants from ChinaActa Botanica Gallica 152 227CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, R.-Q.Chen, Z.-D.Lu, A.-M. 2004 Phylogenetic relationships in Fagales based on DNA sequences from three genomesInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 165 311CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, W.Liu, Z. 1994 The Cretaceous palynofloras and their bearing on stratigraphic correlation in ChinaCretaceous Research 15 333CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, X. 1995 Fossil Floras of China through the Geological AgesGuangzhouGuangdong Science and Technology Press
Lidgard, S.Crane, P. R. 1988 Quantitative analyses of the early angiosperm radiationNature 331 344CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lidgard, S.Crane, P. R. 1990 Angiosperm diversification and Cretaceous floristic trends: a comparison of palynofloras and leaf macroflorasPaleobiology 16 77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lignier, O. 1894 Structure et Affinités du Bennettites morierei Sap. & Mar. (sp.)CaenE. LanierGoogle Scholar
Lignier, O. 1911 Le (Sap. et Mar.) Lignier se reproduisait probablement par parthénogénèseBulletin de la Société Botanique de France 11 224CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lima, M. R. de 1978 Palinologia da Formação Santana (Cretáceo do Nordeste do Brasil). Introdução geologica e descrição sistemática dos polens da subturma AzonotriletesAmeghiniana 15 333Google Scholar
Lima, M. R. de 1979 Palinologia da Formação Santana (Cretáceo do Nordeste do Brasil). II. Descrição sistemática dos esporos da subturma Zonotriletes e turma Monoletes, e dos polens das turmas Saccites e AletesAmeghiniana 16 27Google Scholar
Lima, M. R. de 1980 Palinologia da Formação Santana (Cretáceo do Nordeste do Brasil). III. Descrição sistemática dos polens da turma Plicates (subturma Costates)Ameghiniana 17 15Google Scholar
Lima, W. de 1900 Notícia sobre alguns vegetaes fósseis da flora senoniana (sensu lato) do solo portuguezCommunicações da Direcção dos Trabalhos Geologicos de Portugal 4 1Google Scholar
Linder, H. P.Ferguson, I. K. 1985 On the pollen morphology and phylogeny of the Restionales and PoalesGrana 24 65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linder, H. P. 1987 The evolutionary history of the Poales/Restionales – a hypothesisKew Bulletin 42 297CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linder, H. P.Briggs, B. G.Johnson, L. A. S. 1998 RestionaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag425Google Scholar
Lindfors, S. M.Csikic, Z.Grigorescu, D.Friis, E. M. 2010
Linnaeus, C. 1735 Systema NaturaeLeidenLugduni batavorumGoogle Scholar
Linnaeus, C. 1758 Systema NaturaeStockholmLaurentii SalviiGoogle Scholar
Lipka, T. R.Therrien, F.Weishampel, D. B. 2006 A new turtle from the Arundel Clay facies (Potomac Formation, Early Cretaceous) of Maryland, U.S.AJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 300CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Little, S. A.Stockey, R. A. 2003 Vegetative growth of (Lythraceae) from the Middle Eocene Princeton Chert with anatomical comparisons to International Journal of Plant Sciences 164 453CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, H.-M.Ferguson, D. K.Hueber, F. M.Li, C.-S.Wang, Y.-F. 2008 Taxonomy and systematics of and (Ephedraceae)Taxon 57 577Google Scholar
Loconte, H.Stevenson, D. W. 1990 Cladistics of the SpermatophytaBrittonia 42 197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loconte, H. 1993 BerberidaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag147Google Scholar
Louchart, A.Tourment, N.Carrier, J.Roux, T.Mourer-Chauviré, C. 2008 Hummingbird with modern feathering: an exceptionally well-preserved Oligocene fossil from southern FranceNaturwissenschaften 95 171CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ludvigsen, R.Beard, G. 1997 West Coast FossilsMadeira Park, British ColumbiaHarbour PublishingGoogle Scholar
Lumbert, S. H.den Hartog, C.Phillips, R. C.Olson, F. S. 1984
Lundegren, A. 1931 De kretaceiska ler- och sandförekomsterna N om Ivösjön (Mit einer Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprache)Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 53 298CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lundegren, A. 1934 Kristianstadsområdets kritbildningar (Mit einer Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprache)Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 56 125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luo, Y. B.Li, Z. Y. 1999 Pollination ecology of (Thunb.) Roem. et Schult. and (A. Gray) Solms-Laub. (Chloranthaceae)Annals of Botany 83 489Google Scholar
Lupia, R. 1995 Paleobotanical data from fossil charcoal: an actualistic study of seed plant reproductive structuresPalaios 10 465CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lupia, R. 1999 Discordant morphological disparity and taxonomic diversity during the Cretaceous angiosperm radiation: North American pollen recordPaleobiology 25 1Google Scholar
Lupia, R.Lidgard, S.Crane, P. R. 1999 Comparing palynological abundance and diversity: implications for biotic replacement during the Cretaceous angiosperm radiationPaleobiology 25 305CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lupia, R.Crane, P. R.Lidgard, S. L. 2000 Angiosperm diversification and mid-Cretaceous environmental changeBiotic Responses to Global Change: The Last 145 Million YearsCulver, S. J., P. FRawson, .CambridgeCambridge University Press207CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lupia, R.Herendeen, P. S.Keller, J. A. 2002 A new fossil flower and associated coprolites: evidence for angiosperm-insect interactions in the Santonian (Late Cretaceous) of Georgia, U.S.AInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 163 675CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maas-van de Kamer, H. 1998 BurmanniaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag154Google Scholar
Mabberley, D. J. 1997 The Plant-Book. A Portable Dictionary of the Higher PlantsCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
MacGinitie, H. D. 1953 Fossil plants of the Florrissant Beds, ColoradoPublications of the Carnegie Institution, Washington 599 1Google Scholar
MacGinitie, H. D. 1969 The Eocene Green River flora of northwestern Colorado and northeastern UtahUniversity of California Publications in Geological Sciences 83 lGoogle Scholar
MacGinitie, H. D. 1974 An early middle Eocene flora from the Yellowstone-Absaroka Volcanic province, northwestern Wind River Basin, WyomingUniversity of California Publications in Geological Sciences 108 1Google Scholar
MacLeod, K. G.Huber, B. T.Ducharme, M. L. 2000 Paleontological and geochemical constraints on the deep ocean during the Cretaceous greenhouse intervalWarm Climates in Earth HistoryHuber, B. T.MacLeod, K. G.Wing, S. L.CambridgeCambridge University Press241Google Scholar
MacNeal, D. L. 1958 The flora of the Upper Cretaceous Woodbine Sand in Denton County, TexasMonographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 10 1Google Scholar
Macphail, M. K.Alley, N. F.Truswell, E. M.Sluiter, I. R. K. 1994 Early Tertiary vegetation: evidence from spores and pollenHistory of the Australian Vegetation: Cretaceous to RecentHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press189Google Scholar
Macphail, M. K.Cantrill, D. J. 2006 Age and implications of the Forest Bed, Falkland Islands, southwest Atlantic: evidence from fossil pollen and sporesPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 240 602CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magallón-Puebla, S.Herendeen, P. S.Endress, P. K. 1996 : floral remains of the tribe Hamamelideae (Hamamelidaceae) from Campanian strata of southeastern USAPlant Systematics and Evolution 202 177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magallón-Puebla, S.Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R. 1997 gen. et sp. nov.: staminate and pistillate platanaceous flowers from the Late Cretaceous (Coniacian-Santonian) of Georgia, USAInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 158 373CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magallón, S.Crane, P. R.Herendeen, P. S. 1999 Phylogenetic pattern, diversity and diversification of eudicotsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 297CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magallón, S.Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R. 2001 gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous of Georgia (United States): Further floral diversity in Hamamelidoideae (Hamamelidaceae)International Journal of Plant Sciences 162 963CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magallón, S.Sanderson, M. J. 2001 Absolute diversification rates in angiosperm cladesEvolution 55 1762CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maguire, B.Wurdack, J. J.Huang, Y.-C. 1974 Pollen grains of some American OlacaceaeGrana Palynologica 14 26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahabale, T. S. 1950 Central Provinces Mohgaon Kalan, (Chhindawa District). Palaeobotany in India, 7Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 29 31Google Scholar
Mai, D. H. 1964 Die Mastixioideen Floren im Tertiär der OberlauzitzPaläontologische Abhandlungen Abteilung B, Paläobotanik 2 1Google Scholar
Mai, D. H. 1970 Subtropische Elemente im europäischen Tertiär I. Die Gattungen , , , , , , , und Paläontologische Abhandlungen Abteilung B, Paläobotanik 3 441Google Scholar
Mai, D. H. 1976 Fossile Früchte und Samen aus dem Mitteleozän des GeiseltalesAbhandlungen des Zentralen geologischen Instituts 26 93Google Scholar
Mai, D. H.Walther, H. 1978 Die Floren der Haselbacher Serie im Weiesselster-Becken (Bezirk Leipzig, DDR)Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums für Mineralogie und Geologie zu Dresden 28 1Google Scholar
Mai, D. H. 1980
Mai, D. H. 1985 Entwicklung der Wasser- und Sumpfpflanzen-Gesellschaften Europas von der Kreide bis ins QuartärFlora 176 449CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mai, D. H. 1985 Beiträge zur Geschichte einiger holziger Saxifragales-GattungenGleditschia 13 75Google Scholar
Mai, D. H.Walther, H. 1985 Die obereozänen Floren des Weisselster-Beckens (Bezirk Leipzig, DDR)Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums für Mineralogie und Geologie zu Dresden 33 1Google Scholar
Mai, D. H. 1987 Neue Früchte und Samen aus paläozänen Ablagerungen MitteleuropasFeddes Repertorium 98 197Google Scholar
Mai, D. H. 1987 Neue Arten nach Früchten und Samen aus dem Tertiär von Nordwestsachsen und der LausitzFeddes Repertorium 98 105Google Scholar
Mai, D. H.Walther, H. 1991 Die oligozänen und untermiozänen Floren NW-Sachsens und des Bitterfelder RaumesAbhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums für Mineralogie und Geologie zu Dresden 38 1Google Scholar
Mai, D. H. 1995 Tertiäre Vegetationsgeschichte EuropasJena, Stuttgart, New YorkGustav Fischer VerlagGoogle Scholar
Mai, D. H. 2001 The fossils of Champion (Hamamelidaceae) in EuropeActa Palaeobotanica 41 161Google Scholar
Maisey, J. G. 1991 Santana Fossils: An Illustrated AtlasNeptune City, NJTFHGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R. 1980 (Sterculiaceae): a new genus of wood from the Eocene of Oregon and its implication for the xylem evolution of the extant genus American Journal of Botany 67 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R. 1986 Vegetative and reproductive morphology of an extinct plane tree (Platanaceae) from the Eocene of Western North AmericaBotanical Gazette 147 200CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R.Dilcher, D. L.Tidwell, W. D. 1986 Interconnected reproductive and vegetative remains of (Salicaceae) from the Middle Eocene Green River Formation, northeastern UtahAmerican Journal of Botany 73 156CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R. 1987 The fossil history of the JuglandalesMonographs in Systematic Botany 21 1Google Scholar
Manchester, S. R. 1987 Extinct ulmaceous fruits from the Tertiary of Europe and western North AmericaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 52 119CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R.Meyer, H. W. 1987 Oligocene fossil plants of the John Day Formation. Fossil, OregonOregon Geology 49 115Google Scholar
Manchester, S. R. 1989 Systematics and fossil history of the UlmaceaeEvolution, Systematics and Fossil History of the HamamelidaeCrane, P. R.Blackmore, S.OxfordClarendon Press221Google Scholar
Manchester, S. R.Crane, P. R.Dilcher, D. L. 1991 and (Trochodendraceae) from the Miocene of Northwestern North AmericaBotanical Gazette 152 357CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R.Kress, W. J. 1993 Fossil bananas (Musaceae): sp. nov. from the Eocene of western North America and its phytogeographic significanceAmerican Journal of Botany 80 1264CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R. 1994 Fruits and seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, OregonPalaeontographica Americana 58 1Google Scholar
Manchester, S. R.Donoghue, M. J. 1995 Winged fruits of Linnaeeae (Caprifoliaceae) in the Tertiary of Western North America: gen. novInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 156 709CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R. 1999 Biogeographical relationships of North American Tertiary florasAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 472CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R.Dillhoff, R. M. 2004 (Fagaceae) fruits, foliage, and pollen from the Middle Eocene of Pacific Northwestern North AmericaCanadian Journal of Botany 82 1509CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manchester, S. R.Renner, S. S. 2005 Paleobotany and former range of the Central American relict family TicodendraceaeXVII International Botanical Congress (Abstracts)ViennaAustria135Google Scholar
Manchester, S. R.Chen, I. 2006 fruits from the Miocene of Western North AmericaInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 167 601CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manos, P. S.Stone, D. E. 2001 Evolution, phylogeny, and systematics of the JuglandaceaeAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 88 231CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manos, P. S.Soltis, P. S.Soltis, D. E. 2007 Phylogeny of extant and fossil Juglandaceae inferred from the integration of molecular and morphological data setsSystematic Biology 56 412CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mapes, G.Rothwell, G. W. 1984 Permineralized ovulate cones of from the Late Paleozoic limestones of KansasPalaeontology 27 69Google Scholar
Markgraf, F. 1926 EphedraceaeDie Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 13 Engler, H. G. A.Leipzig and BerlinW. Engelmann409Google Scholar
Marshall, L. G. 1980 Marsupial paleobiographyAspects of Vertebrate History: Essays in Honor of Edwin Harris ColbertJacobs, L. L.Flagstaff, A2Museum of Northern Arizona Press345Google Scholar
Martens, P. 1971 Les Gnétophytes. Handbuch der PflanzenanatomieStuttgartGebr??der BorntraegerGoogle Scholar
Martill, D. M.Brito, P. M.Wenz, S.Wilby, P. R. 1993 Fossils of the Santana and Crato Formations, BrazilPalaeontological Association Field Guides to Fossils Series, 5Jarzembowski, E. A.LondonThe Palaeontological Association1Google Scholar
Martill, D. M. 2007 The geology of the Crato FormationThe Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: Window into an Ancient WorldMartill, D. M.Bechly, G.Loveridge, R. F.CambridgeCambridge University Press8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martill, D. M.Bechly, G.Loveridge, R. F. 2007 The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: Window into an Ancient WorldCambridgeCambridge University PressCrossRef
Martin, H. A. 1994 Australian Tertiary phytogeography: evidence from palynologyHistory of the Australian Vegetation. Cretaceous to RecentHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press104Google Scholar
Martin, W.Gieri, A.Saedler, H. 1989 Molecular evidence for pre-Cretaceous angiosperm originsNature 339 46CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, W.Lydiate, D.Brinkmann, H. 1993 Molecular phylogenies in angiosperm evolutionMolecular Biology and Evolution 10 140Google ScholarPubMed
Martinez-Cabrera, H. I.Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. 2006 (Moraceae) wood from the Miocene of the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico: fossil and biogeographic history of its closer alliesReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 140 113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martínez-Millán, M.Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C. 2009 gen. et sp. nov., a thealean fossil flower from the Raritan Formation, New Jersey, USA (Turonian, Late Cretaceous)American Journal of Botany 96 933CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maslova, N. P.Golovneva, L. B. 2000 A hamamelid inflorescence with pollen grains from the Cenomanian of eastern SiberiaPaleontological Journal 34 S40Google Scholar
Maslova, N. P.Golovneva, L. B. 2000 gen. nov., a new hamamelid fructification from the Upper Cretaceous of eastern SiberiaPaleontological Journal 34 462Google Scholar
Maslova, N. P. 2003 Extinct and extant Platanaceae and Hamamelidaceae: morphology, systematics, and phylogenyPaleontological Journal 37 S467Google Scholar
Maslova, N. P.Kodrul, T. M. 2003 New platanaceous inflorescence gen. nov. from the Maastrichtian-Paleocene of the Amur RegionPaleontological Journal 37 89Google Scholar
Maslova, N. P.Herman, A. 2004 New finds of fossil hamamelids and data on the phylogenetic relationships between the Platanaceae and HamamelidaceaePaleontological Journal 38 563Google Scholar
Maslova, N. P.Golovneva, L. B.Tekleva, M. V. 2005 Infructescences of gen. nov. (Hamamelidales) from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of the Chulym-Enisey Depression, Western Siberia, RussiaActa Palaeobotanica 45 121Google Scholar
Maslova, N. P.Herman, A. B. 2006 Infructescences of nom. nov. (Platanaceae) and associated foliage of the platanoid type from the Cenomanian of Western SiberiaPalaeontological Journal 40 109CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathews, S. 2009 Phylogenetic relationships among seed plants: persistent questions and the limits of molecular dataAmerican Journal of Botany 96 228CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mathews, S. 2010 A duplicate gene rooting of seed plants and the phylogenetic position of flowering plantsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365 383CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matthews, M. L.Endress, P. K.Schönenberger, J.Friis, E. M. 2001 A comparison of floral structures of Anisophylleaceae and Cunoniaceae and the problem of their systematic positionAnnals of Botany 88 439CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, M. L.Endress, P. K. 2005 Comparative floral structure and systematics in Celastrales (Celastraceae, Parnassiaceae, Lepidobotryaceae)Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 149 129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, M. L.Endress, P. K. 2005 Comparative floral structure and systematics in Crossosomatales (Crossosomataceae, Stachyuraceae, Staphyleaceae, Aphloiaceae, Geissolomataceae, Ixerbaceae, and Strasburgeriaceae)Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 147 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, M. L.Endress, P. K. 2006 Floral structure and systematics in four orders of rosids, including a broad survey of floral mucilage cellsPlant Systematics and Evolution 260 199Google Scholar
May, F. E. 1975 gen. et sp. nov. – potential Cenomanian guide fossil from southern Utah and northeastern ArizonaJournal of Paleontology 49 528Google Scholar
Mayo, S. J.Bogner, J.Boyce, P. C. 1997 The Genera of the AraceaeKewRoyal Botanic GardensGoogle Scholar
Mayr, G. 2004 Old World fossil record of modern-type hummingbirdsScience 304 861CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayr, G.Manegold, A. 2004 The oldest European fossil songbird from the early Oligocene of GermanyNaturwissenschaften 90 173CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, P. 1995 Flora of AustraliaMelbourneCSIRO Australia
McIntyre, D. J. 1968 Further new pollen species from New Zealand Tertiary and uppermost Cretaceous depositsNew Zealand Journal of Botany 6 177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLachlan, I. R.Pieterse, A. 1978 Preliminary palynological results: Site 361, Leg 40, Deep Sea Drilling ProjectInitial Reports Deep Sea Drilling Project 40 857Google Scholar
McLoughlin, S. 1990 Some Permian glossopterid fructifications and leaves from the Bowen Basin, Queensland, AustraliaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 62 11CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLoughlin, S.Drinnan, A. N. 1995 A Middle Jurassic flora from the Walloon Coal Measures, Mutdapilly, Queensland, AustraliaMemoirs of the Queensland Museum 38 257Google Scholar
McLoughlin, S.Drinnan, A. N.Rozefelds, A. C. 1995 A Cenomanian flora from the Winton Formation, Eromanga Basin, QueenslandMemoirs of the Queensland Museum 38 273Google Scholar
McLoughlin, S. 1996 Early Cretaceous macrofloras of Western AustraliaRecords of the Western Australian Museum 18 19Google Scholar
McLoughlin, S.Tosolini, A.-M.Nagalingum, N.Drinnan, A. N. 2002 The Early Cretaceous (Neocomian) flora and fauna of the lower Strzelecki Group, Gippsland Basin, VictoriaMemoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 26 1Google Scholar
McLoughlin, S.Pott, C.Elliott, D. 2010 The Winton Formation flora (Albian–Cenomanian, Eromanga Basin): implications for vascular plant diversification and decline in the Australian CretaceousAlcheringa 34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNamara, K. J.Scott, J. K. 1983 A new species of (Proteaceae) from the Eocene Merlinleigh Sandstone of the Kennedy Range, Western AustraliaAlcheringa 7 185CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McQueen, D. C. 1956 Leaves of Middle and Upper Cretaceous pteridophytes and cycads from New ZealandTransactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 83 673Google Scholar
Medus, J.Berthou, P. Y. 1980 Palynoflores dans la coupe de l'Albien de Foz do Folcão (Portugal)Geobios 13 263CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Medus, J. 1981 Pollens Normapolles de coupes stratotypiques du Crétacé supérieur des Charentes et du Sénonien du PortugalComunicações dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal 67 19Google Scholar
Medus, J. 1987 Analyse quantitative des palynoflores du Campanien de Sedano, EspagneReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 51 309CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meeuse, A. D. J. 1972 Facts and fiction in floral morphology with special reference to the Polycarpicae 2. Interpretation of the floral morphology of various taxonomic groupsActa Botanica Neerlandica 21 235CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meeuse, A. D. J. 1972 Facts and fiction in floral morphology with special reference to the Polycarpicae 1. A general surveyActa Botanica Neerlandica 21 113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meeuse, A. D. J. 1972 Facts and fiction in floral morphology with special reference to the Polycarpicae 3. Consequences and various additional aspects of the anthocorm theoryActa Botanica Neerlandica 21 351CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meeuse, A. D. J. 1986 Anatomy of MorphologyLeidenBrillGoogle Scholar
Meeuse, A. D. J. 1987 All About AngiospermsDelftEburon, CIP-Gegevens Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den HaagGoogle Scholar
Meeuse, A. D. J.De Meijer, A. H.Mohr, O. W. P.Wellinga, S. M. 1990 Entomophily in the dioecious gymnosperm Forsk. (= C.A. Mey.), with some notes on C.A. Mey. III. Further anthecological studies and relative importance of entomophilyIsrael Journal of Botany 39 113Google Scholar
Meeuse, B. J. D.Raskin, I. 1988 Sexual reproduction in the arum lily family, with emphasis on thermogenicitySexual Plant Reproduction 1 3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meijer, J. J. F. 2000 Fossil woods from the Late Cretaceous Aachen FormationReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 112 297CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Melchior, H. 1964 A. Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Nutzpflanzen nebst einer Übersicht über die Florenreiche und Florengebiete der Erde. II. Angiospermen. Übersicht über die Florengebiete der ErdeBerlin-NikolasseeGebr??der BorntraegerGoogle Scholar
Meléndez, M. N. 1995 Las Hoyas, a Lacustrine Konservat-Lagerstätte, Cuenca, SpainMadridUniversidad Complutense de Madrid
Melville, R. 1962 A new theory of the angiosperm flower. I. The gynoeciumKew Bulletin 16 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melville, R. 1963 A new theory of the angiosperm flower. II. The androeciumKew Bulletin 17 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melville, R. 1983 Glossopteridae, Angiospermidae and the evidence for angiosperm originBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 86 279CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melville, R. 1983 Two new genera of GlossopteridaeBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 86 275CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendes, M. M.Friis, E. M.Pais, J. 2008 sp. nov., a new species of the extinct order Erdtmanithecales from the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) of PortugalReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 149 50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendes, M. M.Pais, J.Friis, E. M. 2008 gen. et sp. nov., a new seed with pollen from the Early Cretaceous (probably Berriasian) of Portugal: further support for the Bennettitales-Erdtmanithecales-Gnetales linkGrana 47 211CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendes, M. M.Pais, J.Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M. 2010 , a new pollen organ from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) of Portugal with -type pollenGrana 49 26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meng, J.Hu, Y.Wang, Y.Wang, X.Li, C. 2006 A Mesozoic gliding mammal from northeastern ChinaNature 444 889CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meyen, S. V. 1984 Basic features of gymnosperm systematics and phylogeny as evidenced by the fossil recordThe Botanical Review 50 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyen, S. V. 1988 Gymnosperms of the Angara floraOrigin and Evolution of GymnospermsBeck, C. B.New YorkColumbia University Press338Google Scholar
Michener, C. D.Grimaldi, D. A. 1988 A from Late Cretaceous amber of New Jersey (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae)American Museum Novitates 2917 1Google Scholar
Mickle, J. E. 1996 , a new probable lauraceous fruit from the Late Cretaceous of North CarolinaJournal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 112 1Google Scholar
Miki, S. 1955 Nut remains of Juglandaceae in JapanJournal of the Institute of Polytechnics, Osaka City University, Series D 6 131Google Scholar
Miki, S. 1964 Mesozoic flora of beds in South ManchuriaBulletin of Mukogawa Women’s University 12 13Google Scholar
Mildenhall, D. C.Crosbie, Y. M. 1979 Some porate pollen from the Upper Tertiary of New ZealandNew Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 22 499CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mildenhall, D. C. 1980 New Zealand Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic plant biography: a contributionPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 31 197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mistri, P. B.Kapgate, D. K. 1990 93
Mohr, B. A. R.Friis, E. M. 2000 Early angiosperms from the Aptian Crato Formation (Brazil), a preliminary reportInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 S155CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohr, B. A. R.Rydin, C. 2002 n. gen. n. sp., a putative monocotyledon angiosperm from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation (Brazil)Mitteilungen des Museums für Naturkunde Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe 5 335Google Scholar
Mohr, B. A. R.Eklund, H. 2003 , a magnoliid angiosperm from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation (Brazil)Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 126 279CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohr, B. A. R.Bernardes-de-Oliveira, M. E. C. 2004 , a magnolialean angiosperm from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation (Brazil)International Journal of Plant Sciences 165 1121CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohr, B. A. R.Bernardes-de-Oliveira, M. E. C.Barale, G.Ouaja, M. 2006 Palaeogeographic distribution and ecology of , an early Cretaceous angiosperm in southern Laurasia and northern GondwanaCretaceous Research 27 464CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohr, B. A. R.Bernardes-de-Oliveira, M. E. C.Loveridge, R. F. 2007 The macrophyte flora of the Crato FormationThe Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: Window into an Ancient WorldMartill, D. M.Bechly, G.Loveridge, R. F.CambridgeCambridge University Press537CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohr, B. A. R.Bernardes-de-Oliveira, M. E. C.Taylor, D. W. 2008 , a nymphaealean angiosperm from the Lower Cretaceous of northern Gondwana (Crato Formation, Brazil)Taxon 57 1147Google Scholar
Moles, A. T.Ackerly, D. D.Webb, C. O. 2005 A brief history of seed sizeScience 307 576CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moncrieff, A. C. M.Kelly, S. R. A. 1993 Lithostratigraphy of the uppermost Fossil Bluff Group (Early Cretaceous) of Alexander Island, Antarctica: history of an Albian regressionCretaceous Research 14 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monteillet, J.Lappartient, J.-R. 1981 Fruits et graines du Crétacé supérior des carrières de Paki (Senegal)Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 34 331CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, M. J.Bell, C. D.Soltis, P. S.Soltis, D. E. 2007 Using plastid genome-scale data to resolve enigmatic relationships among basal angiospermsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 104 19??363CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mtchedlishvili, N. D. 1961 TriprojectacitesPollen and Spores from Western Siberia, Jurassic-PaleoceneSamoilovitch, S. R.LeningradTrudy Vses. Neft. Geofiz. Rass. Issled., Akademia Nauk203Google Scholar
Mtchedlishvili, N. D.Shakhmoundes, V. A. 1973 Occurrence of Araceae pollen in the Lower Cretaceous sedimentsPalynology of MesophytesChlonova, A. F.MoscowNauka137Google Scholar
Mueller, F. 1883
Muhammad, A. F.Sattler, R. 1982 Vessel structure of and the origin of angiospermsAmerican Journal of Botany 69 1004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mulcahy, D. L. 1979 The rise of the angiosperms: a genecological factorScience 206 20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muller, J. 1968 Palynology of the Pedawan and Plateau sandstone formations (Cretaceous – Eocene) in Sarawak, MalaysiaMicropaleontology 14 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muller, J. 1970 Palynological evidence on early differentiation of angiospermsBiological Reviews 45 417CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muller, J.Caratini, C. 1977 Pollen of (Rhizophoraceae) as a guide fossilPollen et Spores 19 361Google Scholar
Muller, J. 1979 Reflections on fossil palm pollenProceedings of the IV International Palynological Conference, Lucknow (1976–77) 1 568Google Scholar
Muller, J. 1981 Fossil pollen records of extant angiospermsThe Botanical Review 47 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muller, J. 1984 Significance of fossil pollen for angiosperm historyAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 419CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mundry, M.Stützel, T. 2004 Morphogenesis of the reproductive shoots of and (Gnetales), and its evolutionary implicationsOrganisms, Diversity and Evolution 4 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mädel-Angeliewa, E.Müller-Stoll, W. R. 1973 Kritische Studien über fossile Combretaceen-Hölzer: Über Hölzer vom Typus G. Schönfeld mit einer Revision der bisher zu Chiarugi gestellten ArtenPalaeontographica 142 117Google Scholar
Mädel, E. 1960 Monimiacaeen-Hölzer aus der oberkretazischen Umzamba-Schichten von Ost-Pondoland (S-Afrika)Senckenbergiana Lethaea 41 331Google Scholar
Mägdefrau, K. 1968 Paläobiologie der PflanzenJenaVEB Gustav Fischer VerlagGoogle Scholar
Nambudiri, E. M. V.Tidwell, W. D. 1978 On probable affinities of Sahni from the Deccan Intertrappean flora of IndiaPalaeontographica 166 30Google Scholar
Nandi, O. I.Chase, M. W.Endress, P. K. 1998 A combined cladistic analysis of angiosperms using L and non-molecular data setsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85 137CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nartshuk, E. P. 1996 A new fossil acrocerid fly from the Jurassic beds of Kazakhstan (Diptera: Acroceridae)Zoosystematica Rossica 4 313Google Scholar
Nathorst, A. G. 1890 Ueber die Reste eines Brotfruchtbaums, n.sp., aus den cenomanen Kreideablagerungen GrönlandsKongliga Svenska Ventenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 24 1Google Scholar
Nathorst, A. G. 1909 Über die Gattung Brogn. mit besonderer Berücksichtigung schwedisher ArtenKungliga Svenska Vetenskabsakademiens Handlingar 43 1Google Scholar
Nathorst, A. G. 1909 Paläobotanische Mitteilungen. 8. Über , , und Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 45 1Google Scholar
Nathorst, A. G. 1911 Paläobotanische Mitteilungen. No. 9Kungliga Svenska Vetenskabsakademiens Handlingar 46 1Google Scholar
Němejc, F. 1961 Fossil plants from Klikov in S. Bohemia (Senonian)Rozpravy Československé Věd 71 1Google Scholar
Němejc, F.Kvaček, Z. 1975 Senonian Plant Macrofossils from the Region of Zliv and Hluboká (near Ceské Budejovice) in South BohemiaPrahaUniverzita KarlovaGoogle Scholar
Neumeyer, H. 1924 Die Geschichte der BlüteAbhandlungen der Zoologische-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 14 1Google Scholar
Newberry, J. S. 1868 Notes on the later extinct floras of North AmericaAmerican Journal of Science 46 401Google Scholar
Newberry, J. S. 1895 The flora of the Amboy Clays: edited by A. HollickMonographs of the United States Geological Survey 26 1Google Scholar
Nichols, D. 1992 Plants at the K/T boundaryNature 356CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, D. J.Jarzen, D. M.Orth, C. J.Oliver, P. Q. 1986 Palynological and Ir anomalies at Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, South-Central SaskatchewanScience 231 714CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, D. J.Watabe, M.Ichinnorov, N.Ariunchimeg, Y. 1997
Nichols, D. J.Johnson, K. R. 2002 Palynology and microstratigraphy of the Hell Creek Formation in North Dakota: a microfossil record of plants at the end of Cretaceous timeThe Hell Creek Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in the northern Great Plains: an Integrated Continental Record of the End of the Cretaceous 361 Hartman, J. H.Johnson, K. R.Nichols, D. J.Boulder, ColoradoGeological Society Special Paper95Google Scholar
Nichols, D. J.Matsukawa, M.Ito, M. 2006 Palynology and age of some Cretaceous nonmarine deposits in Mongolia and ChinaCretaceous Research 27 241CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, D. J.Johnson, K. R. 2008 Plants and the K-T BoundaryCambridgeCambridge University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niklas, K. J.Tiffney, B. H.Knoll, A. H. 1980 Apparent changes in the diversity of fossil plantsEvolutionary Biology 12 Steere, W. C.Hecht, M. K.Wallace, B.New YorkPlenum Publishers1Google Scholar
Niklas, K. J.Norstog, K. 1984 Aerodynamics and pollen grain depositional patterns on cycad megastrobili: implications on the reproduction of three cycad genera (, , and )Botanical Gazette 145 92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niklas, K. J.Buchmann, S. L.Kerchner, V. 1986 Aerodynamics of . I. Pollen grain velocity fields around stems bearing ovulesAmerican Journal of Botany 73 966CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, H. 1985 A structurally preserved magnolialean fructification from the mid-Cretaceous of JapanNature 318 58CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, H.Nishida, M. 1988 gen. et sp. nov.: a permineralized magnolialean fructification from the mid-Cretaceous of JapanBotanical Magazine, Tokyo 101 397CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, H. 1991 Diversity and significance of Late Cretaceous permineralized plant remains from Hokkaido, JapanBotanical Magazine, Tokyo 104 253CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, H. 1994 Morphology and the evolution of CycadeoidalesJournal of Plant Research 107 479CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, H. 1994 , a Late Cretaceous angiosperm fructification from Hokkaido, JapanPlant Systematics and Evolution 8 123Google Scholar
Nishida, H.Pigg, K. B.Rigby, J. F. 2003 Swimming sperm in an extinct Gondwanan plantNature 422 396CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, M. 1984 The anatomy and the affinities of the petrified plants from the Tertiary of Chile. IV. Dicotyledonous wood from Quiriquina Island, near Concepci??nContribution to the Botany of the AndesNishida, M.TokyoAcademia Science Books111Google Scholar
Nishida, M.Nishida, H.Nasa, T. 1988 Anatomy and affinities of the petrified plants from the Tertiary of Chile. VBotanical Magazine, Tokyo 101 293CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, M.Nishida, H.Sugiyama, R. 1993 Structure and affinities of the petrified plants from the Cretaceous of Northern Japan and Saghalien. XIV. Coniferous woods from the Upper Cretaceous of Taneichi, Iwate PrefectureResearch Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Scientific Report 7 69Google Scholar
Nishida, M.Ohsawa, T.Nishida, H.Yoshida, A.Kanie, Y. 1996 A permineralized magnolialean fructification from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido, JapanResearch Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Scientific Report 8 19Google Scholar
Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L. 1993 Late Cretaceous fossil flowers of ericalean affinityAmerican Journal of Botany 80 616CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nixon, K. C.Crepet, W. L.Stevenson, D.Friis, E. M. 1994 A reevaluation of seed plant phylogenyAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 81 484CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nooteboom, H. P. 1993 MagnoliaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag391Google Scholar
Norstog, K.Fawcett, P. K. S. 1989 Insect–cycad symbiosis and its relation to the pollination of (Zamiaceae) by (Curculionidae)American Journal of Botany 76 1380CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norstog, K. J.Stevenson, D. W.Niklas, K. J. 1986 The role of beetles in the pollination of L. fil. (Zamiaceae)Biotropica 18 300CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norstog, K. J.Nicholls, T. J. 1997 The Biology of the CycadsIthaca, NYCornell University PressGoogle Scholar
Novacek, M. J. 1999 100 million years of land vertebrate evolution: The Cretaceous – Early Tertiary transitionAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86 230CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nowicke, J. W.Skvarla, J. J. 1981 Pollen morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the BerberidaceaeSmithsonian Contributions to Botany 50 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nowicke, J. W.Skvarla, J. J. 1982 Pollen morphology and the relationships of , of , and of to the RanunculaceaeAmerican Journal of Botany 69 990CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nowicke, J. W.Skvarla, J. J. 1984 Pollen morphology and the relationships of to the order EuphorbialesAmerican Journal of Botany 71 210CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nykvist, N. 1957 Kretaceiska vedrester vid Åsen i SkåneSvenska Skogsvårdsföreningens Tidskrift 55 477Google Scholar
O'Dowd, D. J.Brew, C. R.Christophel, D. C.Norton, R. A. 1991 Mite-plant associations from the Eocene of southern AustraliaScience 252 99CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oh, I.-C.Denk, T.Friis, E. M. 2003 Evolution of (Illiciaceae): mapping morphological characters on the molecular treePlant Systematics and Evolution 240 175CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ohana, T.Kimura, T. 1995
Ohana, T.Kimura, T.Chitaley, S. 1999 gen. nov., magnolialean fruits from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido, JapanPaleontological Research 3 294Google Scholar
Okada, H.Sakai, T. 2000 The Cretaceous system of the Japanese islands and its physical environmentCretaceous Environments of AsiaOkada, H.Mateer, N. J.AmsterdamElsevier113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oldham, T.Morris, J. 1863 The fossil flora of the Rajmahal Series, the Rajmahal Hills, BengalMemoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica, Series 2 1 1Google Scholar
Oltz, D. F. 1969 Numerical analyses of palynological data from Cretaceous and Early Tertiary sediments in east central MontanaPalaeontographica 128 90Google Scholar
Orth, C. J.Gilmore, J. S.Knight, J. D. 1981 An iridium abundance anomaly at the palynological Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in northern New MexicoScience 214 1341CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Osborn, J. M.Taylor, T. N.Crane, P. R. 1991 The ultrastructure of pollen (Pentoxylales)American Journal of Botany 78 1560CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osborn, J. M.Taylor, T. N.Lima, M. R. de 1993 The ultrastructure of fossil ephedroid pollen with gnetalean affinities from the Lower Cretaceous of BrazilReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 77 171CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osborn, J. M.Taylor, T. N. 1994 Comparative ultrastructure of fossil gymnosperm pollen and its phylogenetic implicationsUltrastructure of Fossil Spores and Pollen. Its Bearing on Relationships among Fossil and Living GroupsKurmann, M. H.Doyle, J. A.KewThe Royal Botanic Gardens99Google Scholar
Owens, J. N.Takaso, T.Runions, C. J. 1998 Pollination in conifersTrends in Plant Science 3 479CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owens, J. P.Sohl, N. F. 1989 Campanian and Maastrichtian Depositional Systems of the Black Creek Group of the Carolinas. Field Trip GuidebookRaleigh, NCCarolina Geological SocietyGoogle Scholar
Oxelman, B.Yoshikawa, N.McConaughy, B. L. 2004 RPB2 gene phylogeny in flowering plants, with particular emphasis on asteridsMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32 462CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pacltová, B. 1971 Palynological study of Angiospermae from the Peruc Formation (?Albian-Lower Cenomanian) of BohemiaSborník geologických ved, Paleontologie 13 105Google Scholar
Pacltová, B. 1981 The evolution and distribution of Normapolles pollen during the CenophyticReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 35 175CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pacltová, B. 1982 Some pollen of recent and fossil species of the genus LActa Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica 4 367Google Scholar
Page, C. N. 1990 General traits of ConifersThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Kramer, K. U.Green, P. S.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag290Google Scholar
Page, V. M. 1968 Angiosperm wood from the Upper Cretaceous of central California, Part IAmerican Journal of Botany 55 168CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Page, V. M. 1970 Angiosperm wood from the Upper Cretaceous of central California. IIIAmerican Journal of Botany 69 990Google Scholar
Page, V. M. 1979 Dicotyledonous wood from the Upper Cretaceous of Central CaliforniaJournal of the Arnold Arboretum 60 323Google Scholar
Pais, J.Reyre, Y. 1981 Problèmes posés par la population sporo-pollinique d'un niveau à plantes de la série de Buarcos (Portugal)Boletim da Sociedade Geológica de Portugal 22 35Google Scholar
Pan, A. D.Jacobs, B. F.Dransfield, J.Baker, W. J. 2006 The fossil history of palms (Arecaceae) in Africa and new records from the Late Oligocene (28–27 Mya) of north-western EthiopiaBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 151 69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pant, D. D.Nautiyal, D. D. 1960 Some seeds and sporangia of flora from Raniganj coalfield, IndiaPalaeontographica 107 41Google Scholar
Pant, D. D.Basu, N. 1973 sp. nov. from the Triassic of IndiaPalaeontographica 144 11Google Scholar
Pant, D. D. 1977 The plant of Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 56 1Google Scholar
Pant, D. D.Basu, N. 1979 Some further remains of fructifications from the Triassic of Nidpur, IndiaPalaeontographica 168 129Google Scholar
Papulov, G. N. 1990 Biostratigrafiya verchnemelobych otlozhenij rajonaVerkhnemelovye Otlozhenniya Juzhnogo Zauralya (Rajon Verkhnego Pritobolya)Papulov, G. N.Zhelezko, V. I.Levina, A. P.SverdlovskAkademiya nauk SSSR ??? Uralskoe otdelenie154Google Scholar
Papulov, G. N.Zhelezko, V. I.Levina, A. P. 1990 Verkhnemelovye Otlozhenniya Juzhnogo Zauralya (Rajon Verkhnego Pritobolya)SverdlovskAkademiya nauk SSSR ??? Uralskoe otdelenieGoogle Scholar
Parenti, L. R. 1980 A phylogenetic analysis of the land plantsBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 13 225CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parrish, J. T.Ziegler, A. M.Scotese, C. R. 1982 Rainfall patterns and the distribution of coals and evaporites in the Mesozoic and CenozoicPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 40 67CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parrish, J. T. 1987 Global palaeogeography and palaeoclimate of the Late Cretaceous and Early TertiaryThe Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological ConsequencesFriis, E. M.Chaloner, W. G., P. RCrane, .CambridgeCambridge University Press51Google Scholar
Passalia, M. G.Romero, E. J.Panza, J. L. 2001 Improntas foliares del Cretácico de la provincia de Santa Cruz, ArgentinaAmeghiniana 38 73Google Scholar
Patil, G. V. 1972 , sp. nov., from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Mohgaon Kalan, IndiaBotanique 3 21Google Scholar
Patil, G. V.Singh, R. B. 1978 Fossil from the Eocene Deccan Intertrappean beds, IndiaPalaeontographica 167 1Google Scholar
Patil, G. V.Upadhye, E. V. 1984 -like fruit from Mohgaonkalan and its significance towards the stratigraphy of Mohgaonkalan Intertrappean bedsProceedings of the Symposium on Evolutionary Botany and Biostratigraphy, University of Calcutta 1979Sharma, A. K.Mitra, G. C.Banerjee, M.New DelhiToday & Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers541Google Scholar
Pearson, D. A.Schaefer, T.Johnson, K. R.Nichols, D. J. 2001 Palynological calibrated vertebrate record from North Dakota consistent with abrupt dinosaur extinction at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundaryGeology 29 392.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearson, H. H. W. 1929 GnetalesCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Pedersen, G. K.Pulvertaft, T. C. R. 1992 The nonmarine Cretaceous of the West Greenland Basin, onshore West GreenlandCretaceous Research 13 263CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedersen, K. R. 1976 Fossil floras of GreenlandGeology of GreenlandEscher, A.Watt, W. S.CopenhagenThe Geological Survey of Greenland519Google Scholar
Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M. 1986 pollen from the Lower and Middle JurassicGeoskrifter 24 255Google Scholar
Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M. 1989 Morphology and phylogenetic significance of Harris (Bennettitales)Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 60 7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M. 1989 Pollen organs and seeds with pollenGrana 28 279CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R.Drinnan, A. N.Friis, E. M. 1991 Fruits from the mid-Cretaceous of North America with pollen grains of the typeGrana 30 577CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M.Crane, P. R. 1993 Pollen organs and seeds with Brenner from Lower Cretaceous Potomac Group sediments of eastern USAGrana 32 273CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M.Crane, P. R.Drinnan, A. N. 1994 Reproductive structures of an extinct platanoid from the Early Cretaceous (latest Albian) of eastern North AmericaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 80 291CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedersen, K. R.von Balthazar, M.Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M. 2007 Early Cretaceous floral structures and tricolpate-striate pollen: New early eudicots from PortugalGrana 46 176CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pelzer, G.Wilde, V. 1987 Klimatische Tendenzen während der Ablagerung der Wealden-Fazies in NordwesteuropaGeologisches Jahrbuch Reihe A 96 239Google Scholar
Penny, J. H. J. 1986 An Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen assemblage from EgyptSpecial Papers in Palaeontology 35 121Google Scholar
Penny, J. H. J. 1988 Early Cretaceous striate pollen from the Borehole Mersa Matruh 1, North West Desert, EgyptJournal of Micropalaeontology 7 201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penny, J. H. J. 1988 Early Cretaceous acolumellate semitectate pollen from EgyptPalaeontology 31 373Google Scholar
Penny, J. H. J. 1989 New Early Cretaceous forms of the angiosperm pollen genus from England and EgyptReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 58 289CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penny, J. H. J. 1991 Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from the borehole Mersa Matruh 1, North West Desert, EgyptPalaeontographica 222 31Google Scholar
Penny, J. H. J. 1992 The relevance of the Early Cretaceous angiosperm palynology of Egypt to biostratigraphy and reconstruction of angiosperm palaeolatitude migrationsCretaceous Research 13 369CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peppe, D. J.Erickson, J.Hickey, J. 2007 Fossil leaf species from the Fox Hills Formation (Upper Cretaceous: North Dakota, USA) and their paleogeographic significanceJournal of Paleontology 81 550CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereira, S. L.Baker, A. J. 2006 A mitogenomic timescale for birds detects variable phylogenetic rates of molecular evolution and refutes the standard molecular clockMolecular Biology and Evolution 23 1731CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petriella, B. 1978 La reconstrucción de (Pteridospermopsida, Corystospermaceae)Obra del Centenario del Museo de La Plata 5 107Google Scholar
Petriella, B. 1981 Sistematica y vinculaciones de las Corystospermaceae H. ThomasAmeghiniana 18 221Google Scholar
Pflug, H. D. 1953 Zur Entstehung und Entwicklung des angiospermiden Pollen in der ErdgeschichtePalaeontographica 95 60Google Scholar
Philipson, W. R. 1993 MonimiaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag426Google Scholar
Philipson, W. R. 1993 AmborellaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag92Google Scholar
Philipson, W. R. 1993 TrimeniaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag596Google Scholar
Phillips, P. P.Felix, C. J. 1971 A study of Lower and Middle Cretaceous spores and pollen from the southeastern United States. II. PollenPollen et Spores 13 447Google Scholar
Pickering, K. 2000 The Cenozoic worldBiotic Response to Global ChangeCulver, S. J.Rawson, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press20CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pierce, R. L. 1961 Lower Upper Cretaceous plant microfossils from MinnesotaMinnesota Geological Survey Bulletin 42 1Google Scholar
Pigg, K. B. 1990 Anatomically preserved foliage from the central Transantarctic MountainsReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 66 105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pigg, K. B.Stockey, R. A.Maxwell, S. L. 1993 gen. et sp. nov., permineralized myrtaceous fruits and seeds from the Princeton chert and related Myrtaceae from Almont, North DakotaCanadian Journal of Botany 71 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pigg, K. B.Taylor, T. N. 1993 Anatomically preserved stems with attached leaves from the Central Transantarctic Mountains, AntarcticaAmerican Journal of Botany 80 500CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pigg, K. B.Trivett, M. L. 1994 Evolution of the glossopterid gymnosperms from Permian GondwanaJournal of Plant Research 107 461CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pigg, K. B.Ickert-Bond, S. M.Wen, J. 2004 Anatomically preserved (Altingiaceae) from the middle Miocene of Yakima Canyon, Washington State, USA, and its biogeographic implicationsAmerican Journal of Botany 91 499CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pigg, K. B.DeVore, M. L. 2005 gen. nov. (Ranunculaceae) fruits from the Paleogene of North Dakota and the London ClayAmerican Journal of Botany 92 1650CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pigg, K. B.Dillhoff, R. M.DeVore, M. L.Wehr, W. C. 2007 New diversity among the Trochodendraceae from the Early/Middle Eocene Okanogan Highlands of British Columbia, United States. International Journal of Plant Sciences 168 521CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pigg, K. B.DeVore, M. L.Wojciechowski, M. F. 2008 gen. et sp. nov., -like samaras (Polygalaceae) from the Late Paleocene of North Dakota and their significance to the divergence of families within the FabalesInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 1304CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pignal, M.Lugardon, B.Jérémie, J.Le Thomas, A. 1999 Morphologie et ultrastructure du pollen des Siparunaceae (Laurales)Grana 38 210CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pimenova, N. V. 1954 Sarmatskaya Flora AmvrosievkiAkademiya Nauk Ukrainskoj SSR. Trudy Instituta Geologicheskikh Nauk Serie Startigrafii i Paleontologii 8 1Google Scholar
Poinar, G. 2002 Fossil palm flowers in Dominican and Mexican amberBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 138 57Google Scholar
Poinar, G.Chambers, K. L. 2005 gen. et sp. nov., an early Cretaceous flower (Angiospermae) in Burmese amberSida 21 2087Google Scholar
Poinar, G.Chambers, K. L.Buckley, R. 2007 gen. et sp. nov., an Early Cretaceous eudicot flower (Angiospermae) in Burmese amberJournal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 1 91Google Scholar
Poinar, G. O. 1992 Life in AmberStanford, CAStanford University PressGoogle Scholar
Poinar, G. O.Chambers, K. L. 2008 An Early Cretaceous angiosperm fossil of possible significance in rosid floral diversificationJournal of the Botanical Research Institute Texas 2 1183Google Scholar
Pole, M. 1998 The Proteaceae record in New ZealandAustralian Systematic Botany 11 343CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pole, M. 2000 Dicotyledonous leaf macrofossils from the latest Albian-earliest Cenomanian of the Eromanga Basin, Queensland, AustraliaPaleontological Research 4 39Google Scholar
Pole, M.Vajda, V. 2009 A new terrestrial Cretaceous-Paleogene site in New Zealand – turnover in macroflora confirmed by palynologyCretaceous Research 30 917CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pole, M.Philippe, M. 2010 Cretaceous plant fossils of Pitt Island, the Chatham group, New ZealandAlcheringa 34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pole, M. S. 1993 Early Miocene flora of the Manuherikia Group, New Zealand. 5. Smilacaceae, Polygonaceae, and ElaeocarpaceaeJournal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 23 289CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pole, M. S.Douglas, B. J. 1999 Plant macrofossils of the Upper Cretaceous Kaitangata Coalfield, New ZealandAustralian Systematic Botany 12 331CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollux, B. J. A.Ouborg, N. J.Van Groenendael, J. M.Klaassen, M. 2007 Consequences of intraspecific seed-size variation in for dispersal by fishFunctional Ecology 21 1084CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pons, D.Broutin, J. 1978
Pons, D. 1979
Pons, D.Lauverjat, J.Broutin, J. 1980 Paléoclimatologie comparée de deux gisements du Crétacé supérieur d'Europe occidentaleMémoires de la Société Géologique de France, nouvelle série 139 151Google Scholar
Pons, D.Berthou, P. Y.Almeida-Campos, D. 1990 Upper Aptian and Albian palynology of the Araripe Basin (Brazil): ecological and floristical characteristicsInternational Conference of Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic Floristic ChangeC??rdobaSpain21Google Scholar
Poole, I.Francis, J. E. 1999 The first record of fossil atherospermataceous wood from AntarcticaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 107 97CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poole, I.Cantrill, D. J.Hayes, P.Francis, J. E. 2000 The fossil record of Cunoniaceae: new evidence from Late Cretaceous wood of AntarcticaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 111 127CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Poole, I.Francis, J. E. 2000 The first record of fossil wood of Winteraceae from the Upper Cretaceous of AntarcticaAnnals of Botany 85 307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poole, I.Gottwald, H.Francis, J. E. 2000 , an element of Gondwanan Polar forests? Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary woods of AntarcticaAnnals of Botany 86 421CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poole, I.Richter, H. G.Francis, J. E. 2000 Evidence for Gondwanan origins for (Lauraceae)? Late Cretaceous fossil wood of AntarcticaIAWA Journal 21 463CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poole, I.Gottwald, H. 2001 Monimiaceae , an element of Gondwanan polar forests: evidence from the Late Cretaceous-Early Tertiary wood flora of AntarcticaAustralian Systematic Botany 14 207CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poole, I. 2002 Systematics of Cretaceous and Tertiary : implications for Southern Hemisphere biogeography and evolution of the NothofagaceaeAustralian Systematic Botany 15 247CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poole, I.Cantrill, D. J. 2006 Cretaceous and Tertiary vegetation of Antarctica implications from the fossil wood recordCretaceous – Tertiary High-Latitude Palaeoenvironments, James Ross Basin, AntarcticaFrancis, J. E.Pirrie, D.Crame, J. A.Geological Society of London, Special Publication 258 63Google Scholar
Porter, D. M. 1974 Disjunct distributions in the New World ZygophyllaceaeTaxon 23 339CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potonié, R. 1956 Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae. I. SporitesBeihefte zum Geologischen Jahrbuch 23 1Google Scholar
Pott, C.Krings, M.Kerp, H.Friis, E. M. 2010 Reconstruction of a bennettitalean flower from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Lunz, Lower AustriaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 159 94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Praglowski, J. 1976 Schisandraceae BlWorld Pollen and Spore Flora 5 1Google Scholar
Praglowski, J. 1979 Winteraceae LindlWorld Pollen and Spore Flora 8 1Google Scholar
Prakash, U. 1954 sp. nov., a palm fruit from the Deccan Intertrappean series, IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 3 91Google Scholar
Prakash, U. 1960 A survey of the Deccan Intertrappean flora of IndiaJournal of Paleontology 34 1027Google Scholar
Prakash, U. 1965 A survey of the fossil dicotyledonous woods from India and the Far EastJournal of Paleontology 39 815Google Scholar
Prakash, U. 1974 Palaeogene angiospermous woodsAspects and Appraisal of Indian PalaeobotanySurange, K.R.Lakhanpal, R. N.Bharadwaj, D. C.LucknowBirbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany306Google Scholar
Prasad, V.Strömberg, C. A. E.Alimohammadian, H.Sahni, A. 2005 Dinosaur coprolites and the early evolution of grasses and grazersScience 310 1177CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prevec, R.McLoughlin, S.Bamford, M. K. 2008 Novel double wing morphology revealed in a South African ovuliferous glossopterid fructification: (Plumstead 1958) comb. novReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 150 22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Price, R. A. 1996 Systematics of the Gnetales: a review of morphological and molecular evidenceInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 157 S40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Proctor, M.Yeo, P.Lack, A. 1996 The Natural History of Pollination. The New Naturalist Library – A Survey of British Natural HistoryLondonHarper CollinsGoogle Scholar
Pryer, K. M.Smith, A. R.Skog, J. E. 1995 Phylogenetic relationships of extant ferns based on evidence from morphology and L sequencesAmerican Fern Journal 85 205CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pryer, K. M.Schneider, H.Smith, A. R. 2001 Horsetails and ferns are a monophyletic group and the closest living relatives to seed plantsNature 409 618CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pryer, K. M.Schuettpelz, E.Wolf, P. G. 2004 Phylogeny and evolution of ferns (monilophytes) with a focus on the early leptosporangiate divergencesAmerican Journal of Botany 91 1582CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qiu, Y.-L.Chase, M. W.Les, D. H., Park, C. R. 1993 Molecular phylogenetics of the Magnoliidae: cladistic analyses of nucleotide sequences of the plastid gene LAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80 587CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qiu, Y.-L.Lee, J.Bernasconi-Quadroni, F. 1999 The earliest angiosperms: evidence from mitochondrial, plastid and nuclear genomesNature 402 404CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qiu, Y.-L.Palmer, J. D. 1999 Phylogeny of early land plants: insights from genes and genomesTrends in Plant Science 4 26CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qiu, Y.-L.Lee, J.Bernasconi-Quadroni, F. 2000 Phylogeny of basal angiosperms: analyses of five genes from three genomesInternational Journal of Plant Science 161 S3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rai, H. S.Reeves, P. A.Peakall, R.Olmstead, R. G.Graham, S. W. 2008 Inference of higher-order conifer relationships from a multi-locus plastid data setBotany 86 658CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raine, J. I. 1984 Outline of a palynological zonation of Cretaceous to Paleogene terrestrial sediments in west coast region South Island, New ZealandReport of the New Zealand Geological Survey 109 1Google Scholar
Raine, J. I.Mildenhall, D. C.Kennedy, E. M. 2006 http://www.gns.cri.nz/what/earthhist/fossils/spore_pollen/catalog/index.htm
Ramanujam, C. G. K. 1955 Fossil wood of Dipterocarpaceae from the Tertiary of South Arcot district, IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 4 45Google Scholar
Ramirez, B. W. 1994 Coevolution of and AgaonidaeAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 61 770Google Scholar
Ramirez, J. L.Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. 2000 Leaves of Berberidaceae ( and ) from Oligocene sediments, near Tepexi de Rodríguez, PueblaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 110 247CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramirez, S. R.Gravendeel, B.Singer, R. B.Marshall, C. R.Pierce, N. E. 2007 Dating the origin of the Orchidaceae from a fossil orchid with its pollinatorNature 448 1042CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramshaw, J. A. M.Richardson, D. L.Meatyard, B. T. 1972 The time of origin of the flowering plants determined by using amino acid sequence data of cytochrome New Phytologist 71 773CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, A. R. 1976 Problems in the PentoxyleaeThe Palaeobotanist 25 393Google Scholar
Rao, A. R. 1981 The affinities of the Pentoxylon plantThe Palaeobotanist 28 207Google Scholar
Rasmussen, E. S.Lomholt, S.Andersen, C.Vejbæk, O. V. 1998 Aspects of the structural evolution of the Lusitanian Basin in Portugal and the shelf and slope area offshore PortugalTectonophysics 300 199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rat, P. 1989 The Iberian Cretaceous: Climatic interpretationsProceedings of the 3rd International Cretaceous SymposiumWiedmann, J.TübingenE. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (N??gele u. Obermiller17Google Scholar
Rattray, G. 1913 Notes on the pollination of some South African cycadsTransactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 3 623CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raubeson, L. A.Gensel, P. G. 1991 Upper Cretaceous conifer leaf fossils from the Black Creek Formation with an assessment of affinities using principal components analysisBotanical Gazette 152 380CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ray, J. 1703 Methodus Plantarum Emendata et AuctaLondonImpensis Samuelis Smith & Benjamini Walford. Et veneunt Amstel??dami apud Janssonio ??? WaasbergiosGoogle Scholar
Rayner, R. J. 1993 The fossils from the Orapa Diamond mine: a reviewBotswana Notes and Records 25 1Google Scholar
Raynolds, R. G.Johnson, K. R. 2003 Synopsis of the stratigraphy and paleontology of the uppermost Cretaceous and lower Tertiary strata in the Denver Basin, ColoradoRocky Mountain Geology 38 171CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Read, R. W.Hickey, L. J. 1972 A revised classification of fossil palm and palm-like leavesTaxon 21 129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rees, P. M.Smellie, J. L. 1989 Cretaceous angiosperms from an allegedly Triassic flora at Williams Point, Livingston Island, South Shetland IslandsAntarctic Science 1 239CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rees, P. M. 1993 Caytoniales in Early Jurassic floras from AntarcticaGeobios 26 33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Regali, M. S. P.Uesugui, N.Santos, A. S. 1974 Palinologia dos sedimentos meso-cenozóicos do BrazilBoletim Tecnico da Petrobrás 17 117Google Scholar
Regali, M. S. P. 1989 , um gênero novo das angiospermas primitivasBoletim de Geociências da Petrobrás 3 395Google Scholar
Regali, M. S. P.Viana, C. F. 1989 Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous in Brazilian Sedimentary Basins: Correlation with the International Standard ScaleRio de JaneiroPetrobr??sGoogle Scholar
Reid, E. M.Chandler, M. E. J. 1933 The Flora of the London ClayLondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reitsma, T. 1970 Pollen morphology of AlangiaceaeReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 10 249CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Remizowa, M. V.Sokoloff, D. D.Macfarlane, T. D. 2008 Comparative pollen morphology in the early-divergent angiosperm family Hydatellaceae reveals variation at the infraspecific levelGrana 47 81CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ren, D. 1998 Flower-associated Brachycera flies as fossil evidence for Jurassic angiosperm originsScience 280 85CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renner, S. S. 1998 Phylogenetic affinities of Monimiaceae based on cpDNA gene and spacer sequencesPerspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 1 61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renner, S. S. 1999 Circumscription and phylogeny of Laurales: evidence from molecular and morphological dataAmerican Journal of Botany 86 1301CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Renner, S. S.Chanderbali, A. S. 2000 What is the relationship among Hernandiaceae, Lauraceae, and Monimiaceae, and why is this question so difficult to answerInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 S109CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renner, S. S.Foreman, D. B.Murray, D. 2000 Timing transarctic disjunctions in the Atherospermataceae (Laurales): evidence from coding and noncoding chloroplast sequencesSystematic Botany 49 579CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renner, S. S. 2005 Variation in diversity among Laurales, Early Cretaceous to PresentBiologiske Skrifter, Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 55 441Google Scholar
Renner, S. S.Schaefer, H. 2010 The evolution and loss of oil-offering flowers: new insights from dated phylogenies for angiosperms and beesPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365 423CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Retallack, G.Dilcher, D. L. 1981 A coastal hypothesis for the dispersal and rise to dominance of flowering plantsPalaeobotany, Palaeoecology and EvolutionNiklas, K. J.New YorkPraeger Publishers27Google Scholar
Retallack, G.Dilcher, D. L. 1981 Arguments for a glossopterid ancestry of angiospermsPaleobiology 7 54CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Retallack, G.Dilcher, D. L. 1981 Early angiosperm reproduction: gen. et sp. nov. from mid-Cretaceous coastal deposits, Kansas, USAPalaeontographica 179 103Google Scholar
Rey, J. 1972 Recherches géologiques sur le Crétacé inférieur de l'Estremadura (Portugal)Serviços Geológicos de Portugal, Memórias (Nova Série) 3 21 1Google Scholar
Rey, J. 1979 Le Crétacé inférieur de la marge atlantique portugaise: biostratigraphie, organisation séquentielle, évolution paléogéographiqueCiências da Terra (UNL) 5 97Google Scholar
Rey, J. 1982 Dynamique et paléoenvironnements du bassin mésozoique d'Estremadura (Portugal), au Crétacé inférieurCretaceous Research 3 103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rey, J. 1983 Le Crétacé de l'Algarve: essai de synthèseComunicações dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal 69 87Google Scholar
Rey, J. 1992 Les unités lithostratigraphiques du Crétacé inférieur de la région de LisbonneComunicações dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal 78 103Google Scholar
Rey, J. 1993 Les unités lithostratigraphiques du groupe de Torres Vedras (Estremadura, Portugal)Comunicações Instituto Geológico e Mineiro 79 75Google Scholar
Rey, J.Dinis, J. L.Callapez, P.Cunha, P. P. 2006 Da Rotura Continental à Margem Passiva. Composição e Evolução do Cretácico de Portugal. Cadernos de Geologia de PortugalLisbonMinist??rio da Economia e da Inova????oGoogle Scholar
Reymanówna, M. 1960 A cycadeoidean stem from the western carpathiansActa Palaeobotanica 1 1Google Scholar
Reymanówna, M. 1968 On seeds containing pollen from the Jurassic of Grojec, PolandBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 61 147CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reymanówna, M. 1973 The Jurassic flora from Grojec near Kraków in Poland. Part II. Caytoniales and anatomy of Acta Palaeobotanica 14 45Google Scholar
Reyre, Y. 1973 Palynologie du Mésozoïque saharienMémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Ser. C 27 1Google Scholar
Ribeiro, A.Antunes, M. T.Ferreira, M. P. 1980 Introduction à la géologie générale du PortugalLisbonServi??os Geol??gicos de PortugalGoogle Scholar
Richter, P. B. 1905 Beiträge zur Flora der oberen Kreide Quedlinburgs und seiner Umgebung. I. Die Gattung Credneria und einige seltnere PflanzenresteLeipzigWilhelm EngelmannGoogle Scholar
Richter, P. B. 1906 Beiträge zur Flora der unteren Kreide Quedlinburgs. I Die Gattung Hausmannia Dunker und einige seltenere PflanzenresteLeipzigWilhelm EngelmannGoogle Scholar
Richter, P. B. 1909 Beiträge zur Flora der unteren Kreide Quedlinburgs. II. Die Gattung Nathorstiana P. Richter und Cylindrites spongioides GoeppertLeipzigWilhelm EngelmannGoogle Scholar
Ridley, H. N. 1930 The Dispersal of Plants Throughout the WorldAshford, United KingdomReeveGoogle Scholar
Riegel, W.Wilde, V.Pelzer, G. 1986 Erste Ergebnisse einer paläobotanischen Grabung in der fluviatilen Wealden-Fazies des Osterwaldes bei HannoverCourier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 86 137Google Scholar
Rigby, J. F.Playford, G. 1988 Upper Triassic and Lower Tertiary megafossil floras of the Ipswich area, Southeast Queensland; selected localitiesExcursion Guide, 7 International Palynological Congress, Brisbane SA4 1Google Scholar
Riley, M. G.Stockey, R. A. 2004 gen. et sp. nov. (Limnocharitaceae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Alberta, CanadaInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 165 897CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rioult, M. 1966 Sur l'age Albien de Moriere (Bennettitinée)Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Normandie, Caen, 10è série 7 9Google Scholar
Rocha, R.Manuppella, G.Mouteride, R.Ruget, C.Zbyszewski, G. 1981 Carta Geológica de Portugal na Escala de 1/50 000. Notícia Explicativa da Folha 19-C Figueira da FozLisbonServi??os Geol??gicos de PortugalGoogle Scholar
Rode, K. P. 1933 A note on fossil angiospermous fruits from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Central ProvincesCurrent Science 2 171Google Scholar
Rodin, R. J. 1953 Distribution of American Journal of Botany 40 280CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodríguez-de la Rosa, R. A.Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. 1994 Upper Cretaceous Zingiberalean fruits with in situ seeds from southeastern Coahuila, MexicoInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 155 786CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodríguez-de la Rosa, R. A.Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S.Silva-Pineda, A. 1998 Paleobiological implications of Campanian coprolitesPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 142 231CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rohwer, J. G. 1993 LauraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag366Google Scholar
Rohwer, J. G. 1993 MoraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag438Google Scholar
Rohwer, J. G. 2000 Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Lauraceae: Evidence from K sequencesSystematic Botany 25 60CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Romero, E. J. 1986 Paleogene phytogeography and climatology of South AmericaAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Romero, E. J.Archangelsky, S. 1986 Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from southern South AmericaScience 234 1580CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ronse De Craene, L. P.Soltis, P. S.Soltis, D. E. 2003 Evolution of floral structures in basal angiospermsInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 164 S329CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2004 Floral development of : a crucial link in the evolution of flowers in the core eudicotsAnnals of Botany 94 741CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, N. E. 1949 On a Cretaceous pollen and spore bearing clay of ScaniaBulletin of the Geological Institution of Uppsala 34 25Google Scholar
Roth, J. L.Dilcher, D. L. 1979 Investigations of angiosperms from the Eocene of North America: Stipulate leaves of the Rubiaceae including a probable polyploid populationAmerican Journal of Botany 66 1194CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothwell, G. W. 1981 The Callistophytaceae (Pteridospermopsida), reproductively sophisticated gymnospermsReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 32 103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothwell, G. W. 1982 New interpretations of the earliest conifersReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 37 7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothwell, G. W.Scheckler, S. E.Gillespie, W. H. 1989 gen. nov., a late Devonian gymnosperm with cupulate ovulesBotanical Gazette 150 170CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothwell, G. W.Serbet, R. 1994 Lignophyte phylogeny and the evolution of spermatophytes: A numerical cladistic analysisSystematic Botany 19 443CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothwell, G. W.Holt, B. F. 1997 Fossils and phenology in the evolution of Ginkgo biloba – a Global TreasureHori, T.Ridge, R. W.Tulecke, W.Del Tredici, P.Tremouillaux-Guiller, J.Tobe, H.TokyoSpringer-Verlag223CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothwell, G. W.Stockey, R. A. 2002 Anatomically preserved (Cycadeoidaceae), with a reevaluation of systematic characters for the seed cones of BennettitalesAmerican Journal of Botany 89 1447CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothwell, G. W.Crepet, W. L.Stockey, R. A. 2009 Is the anthophyte hypothesis alive and well? New evidence from the reproductive structures of BennettitalesAmerican Journal of Botany 96 296CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rouse, G. E. 1957 The application of a new nomenclatural approach to Upper Cretaceous plant microfossils from Western CanadaCanadian Journal of Botany 35 349CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudall, P. J.Cribb, P. J.Cutler, D. F.Humphries, C. J. 1995 Monocotyledons: Systematics and EvolutionKewRoyal Botanic GardensGoogle Scholar
Rudall, P. J. 2003 Monocot pseudanthia revisited: floral structure of the mycoheterotrophic family TriuridaceaeInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 164 S307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudall, P. J.Sokoloff, D. D.Remizowa, M. V. 2007 Morphology of Hydatellaceae, an anomalous aquatic family recently recognized as an early-divergent angiosperm lineageAmerican Journal of Botany 94 1073CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rudall, P. J.Bateman, R. M. 2010 Defining the limits of flowers: the challenge of distinguishing between the evolutionary products of simple versus compound strobiliPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365 397CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ruffell, A. H.Batten, D. J. 1990 The Barremian-Aptian arid phase in western EuropePalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 80 197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, D. A. 1989 An Odyssey in Time; The Dinosaurs of North AmericaTorontoNational Museum of Natural Sciences, Canada, University of Toronto PressGoogle Scholar
Russell, L. S. 1983 Evidence for an unconformity at the Scollard-Battle contact, Upper Cretaceous strata, AlbertaCanadian Journal of Earth Science 20 1219CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rydin, C.Källersjö, M.Friis, E. M. 2002 Seed plant relationships and the systematic position of Gnetales based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA: conflicting data, rooting problems and the monophyly of conifersInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 163 197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rydin, C.Mohr, B.Friis, E. M. 2003 gen. et sp. nov.: a unique Cretaceous seedling related to Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 270 S29CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rydin, C.Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M. 2004 On the evolutionary history of ; Cretaceous fossils and extant moleculesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101 16??571CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rydin, C.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M. 2006 Former diversity of (Gnetales): evidence from Early Cretaceous seeds from Portugal and North AmericaAnnals of Botany 98 123CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rydin, C.Wu, S. Q.Friis, E. M. 2006 (Gnetales): ephedroids from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in ChinaPlant Systematics and Evolution 262 239CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rydin, C.Friis, E. M. 2010 gen. et sp. nov. from the Yixian Formation of northeast ChinaBML Evolutionary Biology 10 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/10/183Google ScholarPubMed
Rüffle, L. 1965 Monimiaceen-Blätter im älteren Senon von MitteleuropaGeologie 14 78Google Scholar
Rüffle, L. 1968 Merkmalskomplexe bei älteren Angiospermen-Blättern und die Kutikula von Zenker (Menispermaceae)Palaeontographica 123 132Google Scholar
Rüffle, L. 1995 Some artificial genera (Fagaceae, Platanaceae, Araliaceae) of Upper Cretaceous of the Northern Hemisphere and heterophylly in some modern hybridsThe Palaeobotanist 44 225Google Scholar
Rüffle, L.Knappe, H. 1988 Ökologische und paläogeographische Bedeutung der Oberkreideflora von Quedlinburg, besonders einiger Loranthaceae und MonimiaceaeHallesches Jahrbuch für Geowissenschaften 13 49Google Scholar
Saarela, J. M.Rai, H. S.Doyle, J. A. 2007 Hydatellaceae identified as a new branch near the base of the angiosperm phylogenetic treeNature 446CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sahni, B. 1932 A petrified (, sp. nov.) from the Rajmahal Hills, IndiaMemoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica, New Series 10 1Google Scholar
Sahni, B. 1934 The silicified flora of the Deccan Intertrappean Series, Part II. Gymnospermous and angiospermous fruitsProceedings of the 21st Indian Science Congress, Section V, Botany 317Google Scholar
Sahni, B.Rode, K. P. 1937 Fossil plants from the Intertrappean beds of the Mohgaon Kalan, in the Deccan, with a sketch of the geology of Chhindwara districtProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India 7 165Google Scholar
Sahni, B. 1943 Indian silicified plants. 2. , a silicified fruit from the Deccan, with a review of the fossil history of the LythraceaeThe Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences 17 59Google Scholar
Sahni, B. 1944 Takli near Nagpur. Genus Sahni. Palaeobotany in India VProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India 14 80Google Scholar
Sahni, B. 1948 The Pentoxyleae: a new group of Jurassic gymnosperms from the Rajmahal Hills of IndiaBotanical Gazette 110 47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saiki, K.Wang, Y.-D. 2003 Preliminary analysis of climate indicator plant distribution in the Early Cretaceous of ChinaJournal of Asian Earth Sciences 21 813CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, F. B. 1975 Aperture orientation in pollen (Atherospermataceae syn. subfamily Atherospermoideae of Monimiaceae)Grana 15 153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, F. B.Endress, P. K. 1984 Pollen morphology in the TrimeniaceaeGrana 23 129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, F. B. 1993 Pollen morphology of the Amborellaceae and Hortoniaceae (Hortonioideae: Monimiaceae)Grana 32 154CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, F. B. 2000 The pollen of (Winteraceae)Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 87 380CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, F. B. 2000 Pollen diversity in some modern magnoliidsInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 S193CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samylina, V. A. 1960 Angiosperms from the Lower Cretaceous of the Kolyma BasinBotanicheskij Zhurnal 45 335Google Scholar
Samylina, V. A. 1961 New data on the Lower Cretaceous flora of the southern part of the Maritime Territory of the R.F.S.RBotanicheskij Zhurnal 46 634Google Scholar
Samylina, V. A. 1968 Early Cretaceous angiosperms of the Soviet Union based on leaf and fruit remainsThe Journal of the Linnean Society (Botany) 61 207CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samylina, V. A. 1974 Early Cretcaeous Flora of Northeastern USSRKomarovskie chtniya 27 1Google Scholar
Samylina, V. A. 1976 The Cretaceous Flora of Omsukchan (Magadan District)LeningradNaukaGoogle Scholar
Sanderson, M. J. 1997 A nonparametric approach to estimating divergence times in the absence of rate constancyMolecular Biology and Evolution 14 1218CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanderson, M. J.Doyle, J. A. 2001 Sources of error and confidence intervals in estimating the age of angiosperms from L and 18S rDNA dataAmerican Journal of Botany 88 1499CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saporta, G. deMarion, A.-F. 1873 Essai sur l'état de la végétation à l'époque des Marnes Heersiennes de GelindenMemoires couronnes et Memories des Savants etrangers, publies par l'Academie royale des Sciences des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique 37Google Scholar
Saporta, G. de 1877 L'ancienne v??g??tation polaire d'apr??s les travaux de M. le professeur Heer et les derni??res d??couvertes des explorateurs su??doisComptes-rendues du Congrès International des Sciences GéographiquesParis1Google Scholar
Saporta, G. de 1894 Flore Fossile du Portugal. Nouvelles Contributions à la Flore Mésozoique. Accompagnées d'une Notice Stratigraphique par Paul ChoffatLisbonImprimerie de l'Academie Royale des SciencesGoogle Scholar
Sauquet, H. 2003 Androecium diversity and evolution in Myristicaceae (Magnoliales), with a description of a new Malagasy genus, gen. novAmerican Journal of Botany 90 1293CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauquet, H.Doyle, J. A.Scharaschkin, T. 2003 Phylogenetic analysis of Magnoliales and Myristicaceae based on multiple data sets: implications for character evolutionBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 142 125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauquet, H.Cantrill, D. J. 2007 Pollen diversity and evolution in Proteoideae (Proteales: Proteaceae)Systematic Botany 32 271CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauquet, H.Weston, P. H.Anderson, C. L. 2009 Contrasted patterns of hyperdiversification in Mediterranean hotspotsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 106 221CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sawada, M. 1971 Floral vasculation of with some consideration on systematic position of the PaeoniaceaeBotanical Magazine, Tokyo 84 51CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaarschmidt, F. 1984 Flowers from the Eocene oil-shale of Messel: a preliminary reportAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 599CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaarschmidt, F.Wilde, V. 1986 Palmenblüten und blätter aus dem Eozän von MesselCourier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 86 177Google Scholar
Schenk, A. 1871 Die Fossile Flora der Nordwestdeutschen WealdenformationKasselTheodor FischerGoogle Scholar
Schneider, E. l.Williamson, P. S. 1993 NymphaeaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag486Google Scholar
Schneider, H.Kenrick, P. 2001 An Early Cretaceous root-climbing epiphyte (Lindsaeaceae) and its significance for calibrating the diversification of polypodiaceous fernsReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 115 33CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schrank, E. 1982 Kretazische Pollen und Sporen aus dem “Nubischen Sandstein” des Dakhla-Beckens (Ägypten)Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A 40 87Google Scholar
Schrank, E. 1983 Scanning electron and light microscopic investigations of angiosperm pollen from the Lower Cretaceous of EgyptPollen et Spores 25 213Google Scholar
Schrank, E. 1987 Paleozoic and Mesozoic palynomorphs from Northeast Africa (Egypt and Sudan) with special reference to Late Cretaceous pollen and dinoflagellatesBerliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A 75 249Google Scholar
Schrank, E. 1992 Nonmarine Cretaceous correlations in Egypt and northern Sudan: palynological and palaeobotanical evidenceCretaceous Research 13 351CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schrank, E.Nesterova, E. V. 1993 Palynofloristic changes and Cretaceous climates in northern Gondwana (NE Africa) and southern Laurasia (Kazakhstan)Geoscientific Research in Northeast AfricaThonweihe, U.Schandelmeier, H.RotterdamA.A. Balkema381Google Scholar
Schrank, E. 1994 Palynology of the Yesomma Formation in Northern Somalia: A study of pollen, spores and associated phytoplankton from the Late CretaceousPalaeontographica 231 63Google Scholar
Schrank, E. 1994 Nonmarine Cretaceous palynology of northern Kordofan, Sudan, with notes on fossil Salviniales (water ferns)Geologische Rundschau 83 773CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schrank, E.Ibrahim, M. I. A. 1995 Cretaceous (Aptian-Maastrichtian) palynology of foraminifera-dated wells (KRM-1, AG-18) in northwestern EgyptBerliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A 177 1Google Scholar
Schrank, E.Mahmoud, M. S. 1998 Palynology (pollen, spores and dinoflagellates) and Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Dakhla Oasis, central EgyptJournal of African Earth Sciences 26 167CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schrank, E. 1999 Mesozoic Floren aus Nordost-Afrika und ihre Beziehungen zum Klima am PaläoäquatorDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 1999 137Google Scholar
Schrank, E.Rüffle, L. 2003 The Late Cretaceous leaf flora from Jebel Mudaha, SudanCourier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 241 119Google Scholar
Schultheis, L. M.Donoghue, M. J. 2004 Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of (Grossulariaceae), with an emphasis on gooseberries (subg. )Systematic Botany 9 77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schutt, W. A.Simmons, N. B. 1998 Morphology and homology of the chiropteran calcar, with comments on the phylogenetic relationships of Journal of Mammalian Evolution 5 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schweitzer, H.-J. 1977 Die räto-jurassischen Floren des Iran und Afghanistans. 4. Die rätische Zwitterblüte nov. spec. und ihre Bedeutung für die phylogenie der AngiospermenPalaeontographica 161 98Google Scholar
Schönenberger, J.Friis, E. M. 2001 Fossil flowers of ericalean s.l. affinity from the Late Cretaceous of southern SwedenAmerican Journal of Botany 88 467CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schönenberger, J.Friis, E. M.Matthews, M. L.Endress, P. K. 2001 Cunoniaceae in the Cretaceous of Europe: evidence from fossil flowersAnnals of Botany 88 423CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schönenberger, J.Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M. 2001 Normapolles flowers of fagalean affinity from the Late Cretaceous of PortugalPlant Systematics and Evolution 226 205Google Scholar
Schönenberger, J. 2005 Rise from the ashes – the reconstruction of charcoalified fossil flowersTrends in Plant Science 10 436CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schönenberger, J.Anderberg, A. A.Sytsma, K. J. 2005 Molecular phylogenetics and patterns of floral evolution in the EricalesInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 166 265CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schönenberger, J.von Balthazar, M. 2006 Reproductive structures and phylogenetic framework of the rosids – progress and prospectsPlant Systematics and Evolution 260 87Google Scholar
Schöning, M.Bandel, K. 2004 A diverse assemblage of fossil hardwood from the Upper Tertiary (Miocene?) of the Arauco Peninsula, ChileJournal of South American Earth Sciences 17 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scotese, C. R.Gahagan, L. M.Larson, R. L. 1988 Plate tectonic reconstructions of the Cretaceous and Cenozoic ocean basinsTectonophysics 155 27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, A. C.Chaloner, W. G. 1983 The earliest fossil conifer from the Westphalian B of YorkshireProceedings of the Royal Society of London 220 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, A. C.Jones, T, . P. 1991 Microscopical observations of recent and fossil charcoalMicroscopy and Analysis 1991 13Google Scholar
Scott, D. H. 1923 Studies in Fossil BotanyLondonA. & C. Black, LtdGoogle Scholar
Scott, R. A.Barghoorn, E. S.Leopold, E. 1960 How old are the angiosperms?American Journal of Science 258-A 284Google Scholar
Scott, R. A.Williams, P. L.Craig, L. C. 1972 “Pre-Cretaceous” angiosperms from Utah: evidence for Tertiary age of the palm woods and rootsAmerican Journal of Botany 59 886CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, R. A.Wheeler, E. 1982 Fossil wood from the Eocene Clarno Formation of OregonIAWA Bulletin, n. s 3 135CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sellwood, B. W.Price, G. D. 1994 Sedimentary facies as indicators of Mesozoic palaeoclimatePhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 341 225CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sender, L. M.Diez, J. B.Ferrer, J.Pons, D.Rubio, C. 2005 Preliminary data on a new Albian flora from the Valle del Río Martín, Teruel, SpainCretaceous Research 26 898CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Serbet, R.Stockey, R. A. 1991 Taxodiaceous pollen cones from the Upper Cretaceous (Horseshoe Canyon Formation) of Drumheller, Alberta, CanadaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 70 67CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seubert, E. 1993 Die Samenmerkmale der Araceen und ihre Bedeutung für die Gliederung der FamilieKoenigsteinKoeltz Scientific BooksGoogle Scholar
Seward, A. C. 1894 Catalogue of the Mesozoic Plants in the Department of Geology, British Museum (Natural History). The Wealden FloraLondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Seward, A. C. 1895 Catalogue of the Mesozoic Plants in the Department of Geology, British Museum (Natural History). The Wealden FloraLondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Seward, A. C. 1904 Catalogue of the Mesozoic Plants in the British Museum (Natural History). The Jurassic Flora. 2LondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Seward, A. C. 1912 A petrified from ScotlandPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 203 101CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seward, A. C. 1917 Fossil PlantsCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Seward, A. C. 1926 The Cretaceous plant-bearing rocks of western GreenlandPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 215 57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seward, A. C.Conway, V. M. 1935 Additional Cretaceous plants from western GreenlandKungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 15 1Google Scholar
Seward, A. C.Conway, V. M. 1939 Fossil plants from Kingigtoq and Kangdlunguaq, West GreenlandMeddelelser om Grønland 93 1Google Scholar
Sha, J.Matsukawa, M.Cai, H. 2003 The Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous of eastern Heilongjiang, Northeast China: stratigraphy and regional basin historyCretaceous Research 24 715CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharma, B. D. 1969 Further observations on Sitholey and Bose with the description of a new speciesPalaeontographica 125 93Google Scholar
Shilin, P. V. 1986 Pozdnemelovye flory Kazakhstana. Systematicheskii sostav, istoriya razvitiya, stratigraficheskoe znachenieAlma-AtaNaukaGoogle Scholar
Shipley, B.Dion, J. 1992 The allometry of seed production in herbaceous angiospermsAmerican Naturalist 139 467CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shipunov, A. B.Sokoloff, D. D. 2003 , a new name for Schweitzer (fossil Gymnospermae)Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists 108 89Google Scholar
Shukla, V. B. 1944 On , a new genus of petrified flowers from the Intertrappean Beds at Mohgaon Kalan in the Deccan and its relation with the fruit Sahni from the same localityProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India 14 1Google Scholar
Sille, N. P.Collinson, M. E.Kucera, M.Hooker, J. J. 2006 Morphological evolution of through the Paleogene in EuropePalaois 21 272CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simmons, N. B.Seymour, K. L.Habersetzer, J.Gunnell, G. F. 2008 Primitive Early Eocene bat from Wyoming and the evolution of flight and echolocationNature 451 818CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simpson, M. G. 1998 HaemodoraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag212Google Scholar
Sims, H. J.Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R. 1998 A new genus of fossil Fagaceae from the Santonian (Late Cretaceous) of central Georgia, USAInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 159 391CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sims, H. J.Herendeen, P. S.Lupia, R.Christopher, R. A.Crane, P. R. 1999 Fossil flowers with Normapolles pollen from the Late Cretaceous of southeastern North AmericaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 106 131CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sims, H. J.Cassara, J. A. 2009 The taphonomic fidelity of seed size in fossil assemblages: a live-dead case studyPalaios 24 387CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sincock, C. A.Watson, J. 1988 Terminology used in the description of bennettitalean cuticle charactersBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 97 179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, H. 1978 Embryology of Gymnosperms. Encyclopedia of Plant AnatomyBerlin, StuttgartGebr??der BorntraegerGoogle Scholar
Sitholey, R. V.Bose, M. N. 1953 sp. nov. – a male fructification from the Rajmahal series, with remarks on the structure of GanjuThe Palaeobotanist 2 29Google Scholar
Sitholey, R. V.Bose, M. N. 1971 (Sitholey & Bose) and other bennettitalean male fructifications from IndiaPalaeontographica 131 151Google Scholar
Skarby, A. 1964 Revision of RossStockholm Contributions in Geology 11 59Google Scholar
Skarby, A. 1968 (Pflug) emend. from the Upper Cretaceous of Scania, SwedenStockholm Contributions in Geology 16 1Google Scholar
Skarby, A. 1986 Normapolles anthers from the Upper Cretaceous of southern SwedenReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 46 235CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skarby, A.Rowley, J. R.Nilsson, L. 1990 Exine structure of Upper Cretaceous Normapolles grains from anthers (northeastern Scania, Sweden)Palynology 14 145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skelton, P. W. 2003 Fluctuating sea-levelThe Cretaceous WorldSkelton, P. W.CambridgeCambridge University Press67Google Scholar
Skelton, P. W. 2003 The Cretaceous WorldCambridgeCambridge University Press
Skog, J. E.Dilcher, D. L. 1992 A new species of from the Dakota Formation in central KansasAmerican Journal of Botany 79 982CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smiley, C. J. 1969 Cretaceous floras of Chandler-Coville region, Alaska. Stratigraphy and preliminary floristicsThe American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 53 482Google Scholar
Smith, A. G.Hurley, A. M.Briden, J. C. 1981 Phanerozoic Paleocontinental World Maps. Cambridge Earth Science SeriesCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Smith, A. G.Smith, D. G.Funnel, B. M. 1994 Atlas of Mesozoic and Cenozoic CoastlinesCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Smith, P. E.Evensen, N. M.York, D. 1995 Dates and rates in ancient lakes: 40Ar-39Ar evidence for an Early Cretaceous age for the Jehol Group, northeast ChinaCanadian Journal of Earth Science 32 1426CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. A.Donoghue, M. J. 2008 Rates of molecular evolution are linked to life history in flowering plantsScience 322 86CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, S. Y.Stockey, R. A. 2003 Aroid seeds from the Middle Eocene Princeton Chert (, Araceae): comparisons with extant LasioideaeInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 164 239CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. Y.Stockey, R. A. 2007 Pollen morphology and ultrastructure of SaururaceaeGrana 46 250CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. Y.Stockey, R. A. 2007 Establishing a fossil record for the perianthless Piperales: sp. nov. (Saururaceae) from the Middle Eocene Princeton ChertAmerican Journal of Botany 94 1642CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, S. Y.Collinson, M. E.Rudall, P. J. 2008 Fossil (Cyclanthaceae, Pandanales) from the Eocene of Germany and EnglandAmerican Journal of Botany 95 688CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, U. R. 2001 Revision of the Cretaceous fossil genus (Papaveraceae) and clarification of pertinent species of , , and Novon 11 258CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soderstrom, T. R.Calderon, C. E. 1971 Insect pollination in tropical rainforest grassesBiotropica 3 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sokoloff, D. D.Remizowa, M. V.Macfarlane, T. D.Rudall, P. J. 2008 Classification of the early-divergent angiosperm family Hydatellaceae: one genus instead of two, four new species and sexual dimorphism in dioecious taxaTaxon 57 179Google Scholar
Sole de Porta, N. 1971 Algunos géneros nuevos de polen procedentes de la Formación Guaduas (Maastrichtiense-Paleoceno) de ColombiaStudia Geologica (Salamanca) 2 133Google Scholar
Solms-Laubach, H. 1891 On the fructification of , CarrAnnals of Botany 5 419CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soltis, D. E.Soltis, P. S.Nickrent, D. L. 1997 Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA sequencesAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 84 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soltis, D. E.Soltis, P. S.Chase, M. W. 2000 Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from 18S rDNA, L, and B sequencesBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 133 381CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soltis, D. E.Soltis, P. S.Zanis, M. J. 2002 Phylogeny of seed plants based on evidence from eight genesAmerican Journal of Botany 89 1670CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soltis, D. E.Senters, A. E.Zanis, M. J. 2003 Gunnerales are sister to other core eudicots: implications for the evolution of pentameryAmerican Journal of Botany 90 461CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soltis, D. E.Soltis, P. S.Endress, P. K.Chase, M. W. 2005 Phylogeny and Evolution of AngiospermsSunderland, MASinauer AssociatesGoogle Scholar
Soltis, P. S.Soltis, D. E.Chase, M. W. 1999 Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from multiple genes as a tool for comparative biologyNature 402 402CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soltis, P. S.Soltis, D. E.Zanis, M. J.Kim, S. 2000 Basal lineages of angiosperms: relationships and implications for floral evolutionInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 S97CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soltis, P. S.Soltis, D. E. 2004 The origin and diversification of angiospermsAmerican Journal of Botany 91 1614CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Song, Z. C. 1989 General aspects of the floristic regions on Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary of ChinaActa Palynologica 1 1Google Scholar
Song, Z. C.Wang, W. M.Huang, F. 2004 Fossil pollen records of extant angiosperms in ChinaThe Botanical Review 70 425Google Scholar
Spackman, W. 1948 A dicotyledonous wood found associated with the Idaho TempskyasAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 35 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spicer, R. A.Parrish, J. T. 1986 Paleobotanical evidence for cool North Polar climates in the mid-Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian)Geology 14 7032.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spicer, R. A. 1987 The significance of the Cretaceous flora of northern Alaska for the reconstruction of the climate of the CretaceousGeologisches Jahrbuch Reihe A 96 265Google Scholar
Spicer, R. A.Davies, K. S.Herman, A. B. 1994 Circum-Arctic plant fossils and the Cretaceous-Tertiary transitionCenozoic Plants and Climates of the ArcticBoulter, M. C.Fischer, H. C.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spicer, R. A.Rees, P. M.Chapman, J. L. 1994 Cretaceous phytogeography and climate signalsPalaeoclimates and their ModellingAllen, J. R. L.Hoskin, B. J.Sellwood, B. W.Spicer, R. A.Valdes, P. J.London, Glasgow, New York, Tokyo, Melbourne, MadrasChapman & Hall69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spix, J. B.Martius, C. F. P. 1823 Reise in BrasilienMunichLindauerGoogle Scholar
Sporne, K. R. 1974 The Morphology of AngiospermsLondonHutchinson University LibraryGoogle Scholar
Srinivasan, V.Friis, E. M. 1989 Taxodiaceous conifers from the Upper Cretaceous of SwedenBiologiske Skrifter, Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab 35 1Google Scholar
Srinivasan, V. 1992 Two new species of the conifer from the Lower Cretaceous of North AmericaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 72 245CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Srivastava, S. C. 1974 Pteridospermic remains from the Triassic of Nidpur, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaGeophytology 4 54Google Scholar
Srivastava, S. K. 1966 Upper Cretaceous microflora (Maestrichtian) from Scollard, Alberta, CanadaPollen et Spores 8 497Google Scholar
Srivastava, S. K. 1969 Assorted angiosperm pollen from the Edmonton Formation (Maastrichtian), Alberta, CanadaCanadian Journal of Botany 47 975CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Srivastava, S. K. 1972 Pollen genus Krutzsch 1962Pollen et Spores 14 309Google Scholar
Srivastava, S. K. 1977 Microspores from the Fredericksburg Group (Albian) of the southern United StatesPalébiologie Continentale 6 1Google Scholar
Srivastava, S. K. 1978 Cretaceous spore-pollen floras: a global evaluationBiological Memoires 3 1Google Scholar
Srivastava, S. K. 1981 Evolution of Upper Cretaceous phytogeoprovinces and their pollen floraReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 35 155CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stafford, P. J. 1995 The Northwest European Pollen Flora, 53. UlmaceaeReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 88 25CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stapf, O. 1889 Die Arten der Gattung Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 56 1Google Scholar
Stebbins, G. L. 1974 Flowering Plants. Evolution Above the Species LevelCambridge, MAHarvard University PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stephanović, S.Jager, M.Deutsch, J.Broutin, J.Masselot, M. 1998 Phylogenetic relationships of conifers inferred from partial 28S rRNA gene sequencesAmerican Journal of Botany 85 688CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stein, W. S.Beck, C. B. 1987 Paraphyletic groups in phylogenetic analysis: Progymnospermopsida and Préphanérogames in alternative views of seed plant relationshipsBulletin de la Société botanique de France 134 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, W. N. 1983 Paleobotany and the Evolution of PlantsCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Stevens, P. F. 2001 http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/
Stevenson, D. W. 1992 A formal classification of the extant cycadsBrittonia 44 220CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevenson, D. W.Davis, J.Freudenstein, J. 2000 A phylogenetic analysis of the monocotyledons based on morphological and molecular character sets, with comments on the placement of and HydatellaceaeMonocots: Systematics and EvolutionWilson, K.Morrison, D.MelbourneCSIRO Publishing17Google Scholar
Stockey, R. A.Crane, P. R. 1983 In situ -like seedlings from the Paleocene of Alberta, CanadaAmerican Journal of Botany 70 1564CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockey, R. A. 1987 A permineralized flower from the Middle Eocene of British ColumbiaAmerican Journal of Botany 74 1878CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockey, R. A.Pigg, K. B. 1991 Flowers and fruits of (Magnoliopsida; family indet.) from the Middle Eocene Princeton chert of British ColumbiaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 70 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockey, R. A.Hoffman, G. L.Rothwell, G. W. 1997 The fossil monocot : resolving the phylogeny of LemnaceaeAmerican Journal of Botany 84 355CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stockey, R. A.Rothwell, G. W. 2003 Anatomically preserved (Williamsoniaceae): evidence for bennettitalean reproduction in the Late Cretaceous of Western North AmericaInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 164 251CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockey, R. A. 2006 The fossil record of basal monocotsAliso 22 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockey, R. A.Rothwell, G. W.Johnson, K. R. 2007 gen. et comb. nov. (Araceae): a floating aquatic monocot from the Upper Cretaceous of western North AmericaAmerican Journal of Botany 94 609CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stone, B. C.Huynh, K.-L.Poppendieck, H.-H. 1998 PandanaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag397Google Scholar
Stone, D. E.Broome, C. R. 1975 Juglandaceae A Rich. ex KunthWorld Pollen and Spore Flora 4 1Google Scholar
Stone, D. E. 1993 JuglandaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag348Google Scholar
Stopes, M. C.Fujii, K. 1910 Studies on the structure and affinities of Cretaceous plantsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 201 1Google Scholar
Stopes, M. C. 1912 Petrifactions of the earliest European angiospermsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 203 75CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stopes, M. C. 1915 Catalogue of the Mesozoic Plants in the British Museum (Natural History). The Cretaceous FloraLondonBritish Museum (Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Stopes, M. C. 1918 New bennettitean cones from the British CretaceousPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 208 389CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stover, L. E. 1964 Cretaceous ephedroid pollen from West AfricaMicropaleontology 10 145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stover, L. E.Partridge, A. D. 1973 Tertiary and Late Cretaceous spores and pollen from the Gippsland Basin, Southeastern AustraliaProceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 85 237Google Scholar
Strömberg, C. A. E. 2005 Decoupled taxonomic radiation and ecological expansion of open-habitat grasses in the Cenozoic of North AmericaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 102 11??980CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strömberg, C. A. E.Werdelin, L.Friis, E. M.Saraç, G. 2007 The spread of grass-dominated habitats in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Cainozoic: phytolith evidencePalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 250 18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stuessy, T. F. 2004 A transitional-combinational theory for the origin of angiospermsTaxon 53 3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sun, G.Guo, S. X.Zheng, S. L.Piao, T. Y.Sun, X. K. 1993 First discovery of the earliest angiospermous megafossils in the worldScience in China 36 249Google Scholar
Sun, G.Cao, Z.Li, H.Wang, X. 1995 Cretaceous florasFossil Floras of China Through the Geological AgesLi, X.GuangzhouGuangdong Science and Technology Press411Google Scholar
Sun, G.Dilcher, D. L. 1997 Discovery of the oldest known angiosperm inflorescence in the world from Lower Cretaceous of Jixi, ChinaActa Palaeontologica Sinica 36 135Google Scholar
Sun, G.Dilcher, D. L.Zheng, S.Zhou, Z. 1998 In search of the first flower: a Jurassic angiosperm, , from northeast ChinaScience 282 1692CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sun, G.Zheng, S. L.Mei, S. W. 2000 Discovery of gen. nov. from the lower part of the Yixian Formation (Upper Jurassic) in western Liaoning, ChinaActa Palaeontologica Sinica 39 200Google Scholar
Sun, G.Zheng, S.Dilcher, D. L.Wang, Y.Mei, S. 2001 Early Angiosperms and their Associated Plants from Western Liaoning, ChinaShanghaiShanghai Scientific and Technological Education Publishing HouseGoogle Scholar
Sun, G.Dilcher, D. L. 2002 Early angiosperms from the Lower Cretaceous of Jixi, eastern Heilongjiang, ChinaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 121 91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sun, G.Ji, Q.Dilcher, D. L. 2002 Archaefructaceae, a new basal angiosperm familyScience 296 899CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sun, G.,Dilcher, D. L.Wang, H.Chen, Z. 2011 A eudicot from the Early Cretaceous of ChinaNature 471 625CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sun, S.-G.Lu, Y.Huang, S.-Q. 2006 Floral phenology and sex expression in functionally monoecious (Rhoipteleaceae)Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 152 145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sun, Z.Dilcher, D. L. 1988 Fossil from Eocene sediments in western TennesseeAmerican Journal of Botany 75Google Scholar
Surange, K. R.Chandra, S. 1971 gen. et sp. nov. – a Glossopteridean fructification from the Lower Gondwana of IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 20 264Google Scholar
Surange, K. R.Chandra, S. 1974 Some male fructifications of GlossopteridalesThe Palaeobotanist 21 255Google Scholar
Surange, K. R.Chandra, S. 1974 sp. nov. a female fructification from the Lower Gondwana of IndiaThe Palaeobotanist 21 121Google Scholar
Surange, K. R.Chandra, S. 1974 Further observations on Surange & Maheshwari: a male fructification of GlossopteridalesThe Palaeobotanist 21 248Google Scholar
Surange, K. R.Chandra, S. 1975 Morphology of the gymnospermous fructifications of the flora and their relationshipsPalaeontographica 149 153Google Scholar
Surange, K. R.Chandra, S. 1976 Morphology and affinities of The Palaeobotanist 25 509Google Scholar
Sutter, D.Forster, P.Endress, P. K. 2006 Female flowers and systematic position of Picrodendraceae (Euphorbiaceae s.l., Malpighiales)Plant Systematics and Evolution 261 187CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton, D. A. 1989 The Didymelales: a systematic reviewEvolution, Systematics, and Fossil History of the HamamelidaeCrane, P. R.Blackmore, S.OxfordClarendon Press279Google Scholar
Swisher, C. C.Wang, Y.-Q.Wang, X.-I.Xu, X.Wang, Y. 1999 Cretaceous age for the feathered dinosaurs of Liaoning, ChinaNature 400 58CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Süss, H. 1960 Ein Monimiaceen-Holz aus der oberen Kreide Deutschlands, (Vater) nov. combSenckenbergiana Lethaea 41 317Google Scholar
Takahashi, M. 1997 Fossil spores and pollen grains of Cretaceous (Upper Campanian) from Sakhalin, RussiaJournal of Plant Research 110 283CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahashi, M.Crane, P. R.Ando, H. 1999 sp. nov.; a new angiosperm flower from the Upper Cretaceous (lower Coniacian) of northeastern Honshu, JapanPaleontological Research 3 81Google Scholar
Takahashi, M.Crane, P. R.Ando, H. 1999 Fossil flowers and associated plant fossils from the Kamikitaba locality (Ashizawa Formation, Futuba Group, lower Coniacian, Upper Cretaceous) of Northeast JapanJournal of Plant Research 112 187CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahashi, M.Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R. 2001 Lauraceous flowers from the Kamikitaba locality (Lower Coniacian; Upper Cretaceous) of Northeast JapanJournal of Plant Research 114 429CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahashi, M.Crane, P. R.Manchester, S. R. 2002 gen. et sp. nov.: a cornalean fruit from the Kamikitaba locality (Upper Cretaceous, Lower Coniacian) in northeastern JapanJournal of Plant Research 115 463CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahashi, K.Suzuki, M. 2003 Dicotyledonous fossil wood flora and early evolution of wood characters in the Cretaceous of Hokkaido. IAWA Journal 24 269CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahashi, M.Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M. 2007 Fossil seeds of Nymphaeales from the Tamayama Formation (Futaba Group), Upper Cretaceous (Early Santonian) of northeastern Honshu, JapanInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 168 341CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahashi, M.Friis, E. M.Herendeen, P. S.Crane, P. R. 2008 Fossil flowers of Fagales from the Kamikitaba Locality (Early Coniacian; Late Cretaceous) of Northeastern JapanInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 899CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahashi, M.Friis, E. M.Uesugi, K.Suzuki, Y.Crane, P. R. 2008 Floral evidence of Annonaceae from the Late Cretaceous of JapanInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 890CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takhtajan, A. L. 1969 Flowering Plants. Origin and DispersalEdinburghOliver & BoydGoogle Scholar
Takhtajan, A. L. 1980 Outline of the classification of flowering plants (Magnoliophyta)The Botanical Review 46 225CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takhtajan, A. L. 1997 Diversity and Classification of Flowering PlantsNew YorkColumbia University PressGoogle Scholar
Takhtajan, A. L. 1974 Magnoliaceae-Eucommiaceae. Magnoliophyta Fossilia URSSLeningradNauka
Tamura, M. 1993 RanunculaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag563Google Scholar
Tamura, M. N. 1998 NartheciaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag381Google Scholar
Tanai, T. 1961 Neogene floral change in JapanJournal of the Faculty of Sciences. Hokkaido University Ser. 4 11 119Google Scholar
Tang, M.Sternberg, L.Price, D. 1987 Metabolic aspects of thermogenesis in male cones of five cycad speciesAmerican Journal of Botany 74 1555CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, W. 1987 Insect pollination in the cycad (Zamiaceae)American Journal of Botany 74 90CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tao, J.-R.Zhang, C.-B. 1992 Two angiosperm reproductive organs from the Early Cretaceous of ChinaActa Phytotaxonomica Sinica 30 423Google Scholar
Tao, J.-R.Yang, Y. 2003 gen. et sp. nov., an Early Cretaceous member of Ephedraceae from Dalazi Formation in Yanji Basin, Jilin Province of ChinaActa Palaeontologica Sinica 42 208Google Scholar
Taylor, D. W.Crepet, W. L. 1987 Fossil floral evidence of Malpighiaceae and an early plant-pollinator relationshipAmerican Journal of Botany 74 274CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, D. W. 1988 Eocene floral evidence of Lauraceae: corroboration of the North American megafossil recordAmerican Journal of Botany 75 948CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, D. W. 1990 Paleobiogeographic relationships of angiosperms from the Cretaceous and Early Tertiary of the North American areaThe Botanical Review 56 279CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, D. W.Hickey, L. J. 1990 An Aptian plant with attached leaves and flowers: implications for angiosperm originScience 247 702CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, D. W.Brenner, G. J.Basha, S. H. 2008 gen. et sp. nov. (Cabombaceae), an aquatic fossil plant from the Lower Cretaceous of Jordan, and the relationships of related leaf fossils to living generaAmerican Journal of Botany 95 340CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, E. L.Taylor, T. N. 1992 Reproductive biology of the Permian Glossopteridales and their suggested relationship to flowering plantsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 89 11??495CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, E. L. 1996 Enigmatic gymnosperms? Structurally preserved Permian and Triassic seed ferns from AntarcticaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 90 303CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, E. L.Taylor, T. N. 2009 Seed ferns from the late Paleozoic and Mesozoic: any angiosperm ancestors lurking there?American Journal of Botany 96 237CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, T. N. 1973 A consideration of the morphology, ultrastructure and multicellular microgametophyte of pollenReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 16 157CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, T. N.Cichan, M. A.Baldoni, A. M. 1984 The ultrastructure of Mesozoic pollen: (Thomas) TownrowReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 41CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, T. N.Del Fueyo, G. M.Taylor, E. L. 1994 Permineralized seed fern cupules from the Triassic of Antarctica: implications for cupule and carpel evolutionAmerican Journal of Botany 81 666CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tebbs, M. C. 1993 PiperaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.BerlinSpringer-Verlag516Google Scholar
Teeling, E. C.Springer, M. S.Madsen, O. 2005 A molecular phylogeny for bats illuminates biogeography and the fossil recordScience 307 580CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teixeira, C. 1945 Nymphéacées Fossiles du PortugalLisbonServi??os Geol??gicos de PortugalGoogle Scholar
Teixeira, C. 1946 Flora cretácica de Esgueira (Aveiro)Portugaliae Acta Biologica 1 235Google Scholar
Teixeira, C. 1947 Nouvelles recherches et revision de la flore de CercalBrotéria, Série Trimestral Ciências Naturais 16 5Google Scholar
Teixeira, C. 1948 Flora Mesozóica PortuguesaLisbonServi??os Geol??gicos de PortugalGoogle Scholar
Teixeira, C. 1950 Flora Mesozóica PortuguesaLisbonServi??os Geol??gicos de PortugalGoogle Scholar
Teixeira, C. 1952 Notes sur quelques gisements de végétaux fossiles du Cretacé des environs de LeiriaRevista da Faculdade de Ciências de Lisboa. 2.a Serie, C 2 133Google Scholar
Teixeira, C. 1954 La flore fossile des calcaires lithographique de Santa Maria de Mayá (Lérida, Espagne)Boletim da Sociedade Geológica de Portugal 12 139Google Scholar
Tekleva, M. V.Krassilov, V. A. 2009 Comparative pollen morphology and ultrastructure of modern and fossil gnetophytesReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 156 130CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teodoridis, V.Kvaček, Z. 2005 The extinct genus Wang et Manchester in the Tertiary of Europe – a revision of -like fruit remains from Öhningen and BohemiaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 134 85CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thanikaimoni, G. 1968 Morphologie des Pollens des MénispermacéesPondichéryInstitut Fran??ais de Pondich??ry. Traveaux de la Section Scientifique et TechniqueGoogle Scholar
Thayn, G. F.Tidwell, W. D.Stokes, W. L. 1985 Flora of the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah and Colorado. Part III: n. spAmerican Journal of Botany 72 175CrossRefGoogle Scholar
The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2008 http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/monocots/
Thien, L. B.Bernhardt, P.Gibbs, G. W. 1985 The pollination of (Winteraceae) by a moth, (Micropterygidae): an ancient associationScience 227 540CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thien, L. B.Bernhardt, P.Devall, M. S. 2009 Pollination biology of basal angiosperms (ANITA grade)American Journal of Botany 96 166CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thoday, M. G. 1911 The female inflorescence and ovules of , with notes on Annals of Botany 25 1101Google Scholar
Thomas, H. H. 1925 The Caytoniales, a new group of angiospermous plants from the Jurassic rocks of YorkshirePhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 213 299CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, H. H. 1933 On some pteridospermous plants from the Mesozoic rocks of South AfricaPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 222 193CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, H. H. 1958 , a new type of fertile Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 3 179Google Scholar
Thompson, W. P. 1918 Independent evolution of vessels in Gnetales and angiospermsBotanical Gazette 65 83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorne, R. F. 1976 A phylogenetic classification of the AngiospermaeEvolutionary Biology 9 35Google Scholar
Tidwell, W. D.Rushforth, S. R.Reveal, J. L.Behunin, H. 1970 and : two pre-Cretaceous angiosperms from UtahScience 168 835CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tidwell, W. D.Simper, A. D.Thayn, G. F. 1977 Additional information concerning the controversial Triassic plant: Palaeontographica 163 143Google Scholar
Tidwell, W. D.Ash, S. R.Parker, L. R. 1981 Cretaceous and Tertiary floras of the San Juan BasinAdvances in San Juan Basin PaleontologyLucas, S. G.Rigby, J. K.Kues, B. S.Albuquerque, NMUniversity of New Mexico PressGoogle Scholar
Tidwell, W. D.Parker, L. R. 1990 gen. et sp. nov., an arborescent monocotyledon with secondary growth from the Middle Miocene of northwestern Nevada, USAReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 62 79CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiffney, B. H. 1977 Fruits and seeds of the Brandon Lignite: MagnoliaceaeBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 75 299CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiffney, B. H. 1977 Dicotyledonous angiosperm flower from the Upper Cretaceous of Martha's Vineyard. MassachusettsNature 265 136CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiffney, B. H. 1979 Fruits and seeds of the Brandon Lignite III. (Staphyleaceae)Brittonia 31 39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiffney, B. H.Barghoorn, E. S. 1979 Fruits and seeds of the Brandon Lignite IV. IlliciaceaeAmerican Journal of Botany 66 321CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiffney, B. H. 1981 Diversity and major events in the evolution of land plantsPaleobotany, Paleoecology and EvolutionNiklas, K. J.New YorkPraeger Press193Google Scholar
Tiffney, B. H. 1984 Seed size, dispersal syndromes, and the rise of the angiosperms: evidence and hypothesisAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 551CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiffney, B. H.McClammer, J. U. A. 1988 Seed of the Anonaceae from the Palaeocene of PakistanTertiary Research 9 13Google Scholar
Tiffney, B. H.Niklas, K. J. 1990 Continental area, dispersion, latitudinal distribution and topographic variety: a test of correlation with terrestrial plant diversityCauses of EvolutionRoss, R. M.Allmon, W. D.Chicago, ILUniversity of Chicago Press76Google Scholar
Tiffney, B. H. 1993 Fruits and seeds of the Tertiary Brandon Lignite. VII. (Sargentodoxaceae)American Journal of Botany 80 517CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Todzia, C. A. 1993 ChloranthaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, Heidelberg, New YorkSpringer-Verlag281Google Scholar
Tomlinson, P. B. 1974 Development of the stomatal complex as a taxonomic character in the monocotyledonsTaxon 23 109CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomlinson, P. B. 1991 Pollen scavengingNational Geographic Research and Exploration 7 188Google Scholar
Tomlinson, P. B. 1994 Functional morphology of saccate pollen in conifers with special reference to PodocarpaceaeInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 155 699CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomlinson, P. B.Braggins, J. E.Rattenbury, J. A. 1997 Contrasted pollen capture mechanisms in Phyllocladaceae and certain Podocarpaceae (Coniferales)American Journal of Botany 84 214CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Townrow, J. A. 1957 On , probably a pteridospermous leaf, and other leaves now removed from this genusTransactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 60 21Google Scholar
Townrow, J. A. 1962 On a microsporophyll of the CorystospermaceaeBulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 6 289Google Scholar
Townrow, J. A. 1965 A new member of the Corystospermaceae ThomasAnnals of Botany 29 495CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tralau, H. 1964 The genus van WurmbKungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 4th Serie 10 1Google Scholar
Tralau, H. 1967 The phytogeographic evolution of the genus Botaniska Notiser 120 409Google Scholar
Traverse, A. 1988 PaleopalynologyBoston, MAUnwin HymanGoogle Scholar
Trevisan, L. 1988 Angiospermous pollen (monosulcate-trichotomosulcate phase) from very early Lower Cretaceous of Southern Tuscany (Italy): some aspectsSeventh International Palynological Conference, Brisbane, Abstracts 165Google Scholar
Trincão, P. R. P. 1990 Esporos e pólenes do Cretácio inferior (Berriasiano-Aptiano) de Portugal: paleontologia e biostratigrafiaLisbonPhD Thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa1Google Scholar
Trivedi, B. S.Verma, C. L. 1972 Occurrence of gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Eocene of Deccan Intertrappean series, M. P., IndiaPalaeontographica 139Google Scholar
Troitsky, A. V.Melekhovets, Y. F.Rakhimova, G. M. 1991 Angiosperm origin and early stages of seed plant evolution deduced from rRNA sequence comparisonsJournal of Molecular Evolution 32 253CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Truswell, E. M. 1991 Antarctica: a history of terrestrial vegetationThe Geology of AntarcticaTingey, R. J.OxfordClarendon499Google Scholar
Tschan, G. F.Denk, T.von Balthazar, M. 2008 and (Platanaceae) from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of Quedlinburg, GermanyReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 152 211CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tschudy, R. H. 1981 Geographic distribution and dispersal of Normapolles genera in North AmericaReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 35 283CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tschudy, R. H.Pillmore, C. L.Orth, C. J.Gilmore, J. S.Knight, J. D. 1984 Disruption of the terrestrial plant ecosystem at the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary, Western InteriorScience 225 1030CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turutanova-Ketova, A. 1930 Jurassic flora of the chain Kara-Tau (Tian-Shan)Travaux du Musée Geologique près l'Académie des sciences de l'URSS 6 131Google Scholar
Uhl, N. W.Moore, H. E. 1980 Androecial development in six polyandrous genera representing five major groups of palmsAnnals of Botany 45 57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Upchurch, G. R.Doyle, J. A. 1981 Paleoecology of the conifers and (Cheirolepidiaceae) from the Cretaceous Potomac Group of Maryland and VirginiaGeobotanyRomans, R. C.New YorkPlenum Publishing Corporation167CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Upchurch, G. R. 1984 Cuticle evolution in Early Cretaceous angiosperms from the Potomac Group of Virginia and MarylandAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 522CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Upchurch, G. R.Wolfe, J. A. 1987 Mid-Cretaceous to Early Tertiary vegetation and climate: evidence from fossil leaves and woodsThe Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological ConsequencesFriis, E. M.Chaloner, W. G.Crane, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press75Google Scholar
Upchurch, G. R.Dilcher, D. L. 1990 Cenomanian angiosperm leaf megafossils, Dakota Formation, Rose Creek Locality, Jefferson County, southeastern NebraskaUS Geological Survey Bulletin 1915 1Google Scholar
Upchurch, G. R.Crane, P. R.Drinnan, A. N. 1994 The Megaflora from the Quantico Locality (Upper Albian), Lower Cretaceous Potomac Group of VirginiaMartinsville, VAVirginia Museum of Natural HistoryGoogle Scholar
Vajda, V.Raine, J. I.Hollis, C. J. 2001 Indication of global deforestation at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary by New Zealand fern spikeScience 294 1700CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vakhrameev, V. A. 1952 Stratigraphy and Fossil Flora of the Cretaceous Deposits in the Western KazakhstanMoscow, LeningradAkademia Nauk SSSRGoogle Scholar
Vakhrameev, V. A. 1958 Stratigraphy and Fossil Flora of the Jurassic and Cretaceous Deposits in the Vilyuy Depression and the Adjacent Part of the Priverhoyansk TroughMoscowUSSR Academy of Science PressGoogle Scholar
Vakhrameev, V. A.Kotova, I. Z. 1977 Ancient angiosperms and accompanying plants from the Lower Cretaceous of TransbailkaliaPaleontological Journal 1977 487Google Scholar
Vakhrameev, V. A.Dobruskina, I. A.Meyen, S. V.Zaklinskaja, E. D. 1978 Paläozoische und Mesozoische Floren Eurasiens und die Phytogeographie dieser ZeitJenaVEB Gustav Fischer VerlagGoogle Scholar
Vakhrameev, V. A.Krassilov, V. A. 1979 Reproductive structures of angiosperms from the Albian of KazakhstanPaleontological Journal 1979 112Google Scholar
Vakhrameev, V. A. 1991 Jurassic and Cretaceous Floras and Climates of the EarthCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
van der Ham, R. W. J. M.van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J. H. A.Indeherberge, L. 2007 Seagrass foliage from the Maastrichtian type area (Maastrichtian, Danian, NE Belgium, SE Netherlands)Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 144 301CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van der Pijl, L. 1953 On the flower biology of some plants from Java with general remarks on fly-traps (species of , , , , and )Annales Bogorienses 1 77Google Scholar
van der Pijl, L. 1957 The dispersal of plants by bats (chiropterochory)Acta botanica Neerlandica 6 291CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van der Pijl, L. 1982 Principles of Dispersal in Higher PlantsNew YorkSpringer-VerlagCrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Hoeken-Klinkenberg, P. M. J. 1964 A palynological investigation of some Upper Cretaceous sediments in NigeriaPollen et Spores 6 209Google Scholar
Van Itterbeeck, J.Markevich, V. S.Horne, D. J. 2004 The age of the dinosaur-bearing Cretaceous sediments at Dashuiguo, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China based on charophytes, ostracods and palynomorphsCretaceous Research 25 391CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vangerow, E. F. 1954 Megasporen und andere pflanzliche Mikrofossilien aus der Aachener KreidePalaeontographica 96 24Google Scholar
Vaudois-Miéja, N.Lejal-Nicol, A. 1987 Paléocarpologie africaine: apparition dès l'Aptien en Égypte d'un Palmier ( n.sp.)Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences Paris, Série II 304 233Google Scholar
Vaudois-Miéja, N.Lejal-Nicol, A. 1987 Paléocarpologie africaine: n.gen. n. sp., un nouveau fruit du Nubien de l'Afrique orientaleComptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences Paris, Série II 305 149Google Scholar
Vaudois-Miéja, N.Lejal-Nicol, A. 1988 Paléocarpologie africaine: n.sp., un nouveau fruit du Nubien de l'Afrique orientaleComptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences Paris, Série II 307 855Google Scholar
Velenovský, J. 1882 Die Flora der Böhmischen KreideformationBeiträge zur Paläontologie Österreich-Ungarns und des Orientes 2 8Google Scholar
Velenovský, J. 1883 Die Flora der Böhmischen KreideformationBeiträge zur Paläontologie Österreich-Ungarns und des Orientes 3 1Google Scholar
Velenovský, J. 1884 Die Flora der Böhmischen KreideformationBeiträge zur Paläontologie Österreich-Ungarns und des Orientes 4 1Google Scholar
Velenovský, J. 1885 Die Gymnospermen der Böhmischen KreideformationPrahaE. GregerCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Velenovský, J. 1889 Kvĕtena Českého CenomanuRozpravy Královské České Společnosti Nauk 7 1Google Scholar
Velenovský, J.Viniklář, L. 1926 Flora Cretacea Bohemiae. IRozpravy Státního Geologického Ústavu Ceskoslovenské republiky 1 1Google Scholar
Velenovský, J.Viniklář, L. 1927 Flora Cretacea Bohemiae. IIRozpravy Státního Geologického Ústavu Ceskoslovenské republiky 2 1Google Scholar
Velenovský, J.Viniklář, L. 1929 Flora Cretacea Bohemiae. IIIRozpravy Státního Geologického Ústavu Ceskoslovenské republiky 3 1Google Scholar
Verma, J. K. 1958 On an inflorescence of a new petrified monocot flower, gen. et sp. nov. from the Deccan Intertrappean series of Madhya Pradesh, IndiaJournal of the Palaeontological Society of India 3 185Google Scholar
Viehofen, A.Hartkopf-Fröder, C.Friis, E. M. 2008 Inflorescences and flowers of sp. nov. (Lauraceae) from mid-Cretaceous karst infillings in the Rhenish Massif, GermanyInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 871CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Villanueva-Amadoz, U.Pons, D.Diez, J. B.Ferrer, J.Sender, L. M. 2010 Angiosperm pollen grains of San Just site (Escucha Formation) from the Albian of the Iberian Range (north-eastern Spain)Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 162 362CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vink, W. 1993 WinteraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag630Google Scholar
Vishnu-Mittre 1953 A male flower of the Pentoxyleae with remarks on the structure of the females cones of the groupThe Palaeobotanist 2 75Google Scholar
Volkheimer, W.Salas, A. 1975 Die älteste Angiospermen-Palynoflora Argentiniens von der Typuslokalität der unterkretazischen Huitrín-Folge des Neuquén-Beckens. Mikrofloristische Assoziation und biostratigraphische BedeutungNeues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatsheft 7 424Google Scholar
von Balthazar, M.Endress, P. K. 1999 Floral bract function, flowering process and breeding systems of and (Chloranthaceae)Plant Systematics and Evolution 218 161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Balthazar, M.Endress, P. K.Qiu, Y.-L. 2000 Phylogenetic relationships in Buxaceae based on nuclear internal transcribed spacers and plastid F sequencesInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 785CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Balthazar, M.Endress, P. K. 2002 Development of inflorescences and flowers in Buxaceae and the problem of perianth interpretationInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 163 847CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Balthazar, M.Schatz, G. E.Endress, P. K. 2003 Female flowers and inflorescences of DidymelaceaePlant Systematics and Evolution 237 199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Balthazar, M.Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M. 2005 gen. et sp. nov., a ranunculalean flower from the Early Cretaceous of PortugalPlant Systematics and Evolution 255 55CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Balthazar, M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M. 2007 gen. et sp. nov., a new flower of probable Lauraceae from the Early Cretaceous (Early to Middle Albian) of eastern North AmericaAmerican Journal of Botany 94 2041CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
von Balthazar, M.Pedersen, K. R.Crane, P. R.Friis, E. M. 2008 gen. et sp. nov., a new basal angiosperm flower from the Early Cretaceous (Early to Middle Albian) of eastern North AmericaInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 169 890CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Balthazar, M.Schönenberger, J. 2009 Floral structure and organization in PlatanaceaeInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 170 210CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Balthazar, M.Crane, P. R.Pedersen, K. R.Friis, E. M. 2011 New flowers of Laurales from the Early Cretaceous (Early to Middle Albian) of eastern North AmericaFlowers on the Tree of LifeWanntorp, L.Ronse De Craene, L.P.Cambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
von Ettingshausen, C. 1895 Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Kreideflora AustraliensDenkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe 62 1Google Scholar
Walker, J. W. 1974 Aperture evolution in the pollen of primitive angiospermsAmerican Journal of Botany 61 1112CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, J. W. 1974 Evolution of the exine structure in the pollen of primitive angiospermsAmerican Journal of Botany 61 891CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, J. W.Doyle, J. A. 1975 The bases of angiosperm phylogenyAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 62 664CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, J. W. 1976 Comparative pollen morphology and phylogeny of the ranalean complexOrigin and Early Evolution of AngiospermsBeck, C. B.New YorkColumbia University Press241Google Scholar
Walker, J. W.Brenner, G. J.Walker, A. G. 1983 Winteraceous pollen in the Lower Cretaceous of Israel: early evidence of a magnolialean angiosperm familyScience 220 1273CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walker, J. W.Walker, A. G. 1984 Ultrastructure of Lower Cretaceous angiosperm pollen and the origin and early evolution of flowering plantsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71 464CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, J. W.Walker, A. G. 1986 Ultrastructure of Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen and its evolutionary implicationsPollen and Spores: Form and FunctionBlackmore, S.Ferguson, I. K.LondonAcademic Press203Google Scholar
Wang, H.Dilcher, D. L. 2006 Aquatic angiosperms from the Dakota Formation (Albian, Lower Cretaceous), Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USAInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 167 385CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.Zheng, S.Jin, J. 2010 Structure and relationships of , an enigmatic seeds from the Jurassic of ChinaInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 171 447CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.-L.Zhou, Z.Swisher, L. C. C. 2001 A Cretaceous age for the Jehol Biota: evidence of new 40Ar/39Ar dates and fossil vertebratesAn International Symposium on Exploring the History of Life on the Earth: Paleontology in China during the Last 15 YearsBeijing, ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China50Google Scholar
Wang, X. L.Wang, Y. Q.Xu, X. 1999 Record of the Sihetun vertebrate mass mortality events, western Liaoning, China: caused by volcanic eruptionsGeological Review 45 458Google Scholar
Wang, Y.-F.Manchester, S. R. 2000 , a new genus of winged fruit from the Tertiary of North America and Eastern AsiaInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 161 167CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Y.-F.Li, C.-S.Li, Z.-Y. 2001 gen. nov., a flower of Celastraceae from the Palaeocene of north-east ChinaBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 136 323Google Scholar
Wanntorp, L.Dettmann, M. E.Jarzen, D. M. 2004 Tracking the Mesozoic distribution of : comparison with the fossil pollen species CooksonReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 132 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wanntorp, L.Praglowski, J.Grafström, E. 2004 New insight into the pollen morphology of (Gunneraceae)Grana 43 15CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wanntorp, L.Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2005 The flower: key to eudicot diversification or response to pollination mode?International Journal of Plant Sciences 166 945CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, J. V. 1986 Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from the Cheyenne and Kiowa Formations (Albian) of Kansas, USAPalaeontographica 202 1Google Scholar
Ward, J. V.Doyle, J. A. 1988 Possible affinities of two triporoidate tetrads from the mid-Cretaceous of Laurasia. In Brisbane179Google Scholar
Ward, J. V.Doyle, J. A.Hotton, C. L. 1989 Probable granular magnoliid angiosperm pollen from the Early CretaceousPollen et Spores 31 113Google Scholar
Ward, J. V.Doyle, J. A. 1994 Ultrastructure and relationships of mid-Cretaceous polyforate and triporate pollen from northern GondwanaUltrastructure of Fossil Spores and Pollen. Its Bearing on Relationships among Fossil and Living GroupsKurmann, M. H.Doyle, J. A.KewThe Royal Botanic Gardens161Google Scholar
Ward, L. F. 1888 Evidence of the fossil plants as to the age of the Potomac FormationAmerican Journal of Science 3rd ser 36Google Scholar
Ward, L. F. 1895 The Potomac FormationUS Geological Survey Annual Report 15 307Google Scholar
Ward, L. F. 1905 Status of the Mesozoic floras of the United States. Second PaperMonographs of the United States Geological Survey 48 1Google Scholar
Wardle, P. 1969 Biological flora of New Zealand. 4. Hook F. (Podocarpaceae) Mountain Toatoa, Celery PineNew Zealand Journal of Botany 7 76CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, J. 1969 A revision of the English Wealden flora, I. Charales-GinkgoalesBulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 17 209Google Scholar
Watson, J. 1977 Some Lower Cretaceous conifers of the Cheirolepidiaceae from the U.S.A. and EnglandPalaeontology 20 715Google Scholar
Watson, J. 1983 Two Wealden species of found Acta Palaeobotanica 28 265Google Scholar
Watson, J.Fischer, H. L. 1984 A new conifer genus from the Lower Cretaceous Glen Rose Formation, TexasPalaeontology 27 719Google Scholar
Watson, J. 1988 The CheirolepidiaceaeOrigin and Evolution of GymnospermsBeck, C. B.New YorkColumbia University Press382Google Scholar
Watson, J.Sincock, C. A. 1992 Bennettitales of the English WealdenLondonThe Palaeontographical SocietyGoogle Scholar
Watson, J.Alvin, K. L. 1996 An English Wealden floral list, with comments on the possible environmental indicatorsCretaceous Research 17 5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, J.Lydon, S. J.Harrison, N. A. 2001 A revision of the English Wealden Flora, III: Czekanowskiales, Ginkgoales & allied ConiferalesBulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 57 29Google Scholar
Watson, J.Lydon, S. J. 2004 The bennettitalean trunk genera and in the Purbeck, Wealden and Lower Greensand of southern England: a reassessmentCretaceous Research 25 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, J.Cusack, H. A. 2005 Cycadales of the English WealdenLondonThe Palaeontographical SocietyGoogle Scholar
Weber, R. 1995 A new species of Harris and gen. nov. (Plantae incertae sedis) from the Late Triassic of Sonora, MexicoRevista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 12 94Google Scholar
Wehr, W. C.Manchester, S. R. 1996 Paleobotanical significance of Eocene flowers, fruits and seeds from Republic, WashingtonWashington Geology 24 25Google Scholar
Werker, E. 1997 Seed Anatomy. Handbuch der PflanzenanatomieBerlin, StuttgartGebr??der BorntraegerGoogle Scholar
Westoby, M.Leishman, M. R.Lord, J. M. 1996 Comparative ecology of seed size and dispersalPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 351 1309CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wettstein, R. R. von 1907 Handbuch der Systematischen Botanik 2LeipzigFranz DeutickeGoogle Scholar
Weyland, H. 1938 Beiträge zur Kenntnis der rheinischen Tertiärflora. IIIPalaeontographica 83 123Google Scholar
Weyland, H.Kilpper, K.Berendt, W. 1967 Kritische Untersuchungen zur Kutikularanalyse tertiärer Blätter VIIPalaeontographica 120 151Google Scholar
Weyland, W.Pflug, H. D.Jähnischen, H. 1958 n. gen., n. sp. eine Ulmaceen-Blüte aus Braunkohle der NiederlausitzPalaeontographica 105 67Google Scholar
Whalley, P. 1986 A review of current fossil evidence of Lepidoptera in the MesozoicBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 28 253CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whalley, P. 1987 Insects and Cretaceous mass extinctionsNature 327CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler, E.Scott, R. A.Barghoorn, E. S. 1977 Fossil dicotyledonous wood from Yellowstone National ParkJournal of the Arnold Arboretum 58 280Google Scholar
Wheeler, E. F.Lee, M.Matten, L. C. 1987 Dicotyledonous woods from the Upper Cretaceous of southern IllinoisBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 95 77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheelwright, N. T.Orians, G. H. 1982 Seed dispersal by animals: contrasts with pollen dispersal, problems of terminology, and constraints on coevolutionAmerican Naturalist 119 402CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheelwright, N. T. 1988 Fruit-eating birds and bird-dispersed plants in the tropics and the temperate zoneTrends in Ecology and Evolution 3 270CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, M. E. 1981 Revision of the Talbragar Fish Bed flora (Jurassic) of New South WalesRecords of the Australian Museum 33 695CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitehead, D. R. 1969 Wind pollination in the angiosperms: evolutionary and environmental considerationsEvolution 23 28CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitehead, D. R. 1983 Wind pollination: some ecological and evolutionary perpespectivesPollination BiologyReal, L.LondonAcademic Press97CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wieland, G. R. 1906 American Fossil CycadsWashington, D.CCarnegie Institution of WashingtonCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wieland, G. R. 1911 On the TribeThe American Journal of Science 32 433CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wieland, G. R. 1916 American Fossil CycadsWashington, D.CCarnegie Institution of WashingtonGoogle Scholar
Wieland, G. R. 1934 Fossil cycads, with special reference to Goeppert sp. of the Zwinger of DresdenPalaeontographica 79 85Google Scholar
Wikström, N.Savolainen, V.Chase, M. W. 2001 Evolution of the angiosperms. Calibrating the treeProceedings of the Royal Society of London 268 2211CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilde, V. 1989 Untersuchungen zur Systematik der Blattreste aus dem Mitteleozän der Grube Messel bei Darmstadt (Hessen, Bundesrepublik Deutschland)Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 115 1Google Scholar
Wilf, P.Johnson, K. R.Huber, B. T. 2003 Correlated terrestrial and marine evidence for global climate changes before mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundaryProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 100 599CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilf, P.Johnson, K. R. 2004 Land plant extinction at the end of the Cretaceous: a quantitative analysis of the North Dakota megafloral recordPaleobiology 30 3472.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilford, G. E.Brown, P. J. 1994 Maps of late Mesozoic-Cenozoic Gondwana break-up: some palaeogeographical implicationsHistory of the Australian VegetationHill, R. S.CambridgeCambridge University Press5Google Scholar
Wilkinson, H. P. 1981 The anatomy of the hypocotyls of Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 82 139CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkinson, H. P. 1988 Sapindaceous pyritised twigs from the Eocene of Sheppey, EnglandTertiary Research 9 81Google Scholar
Williamson, P. S.Schneider, E. I. 1993 CabombaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag157Google Scholar
Willson, M. F.Rice, B. L.Westoby, M. 1990 Seed dispersal spectra: a comparison of temperate plant communitiesJournal of Vegetation Science 1 547CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willson, M. F. 1993 Mammals as seed-dispersal mutualists in North AmericaOikos 67 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, K. I.Morrison, D. A. 2000 Monocots: Systematics and EvolutionMelbourneCSIROGoogle Scholar
Wilson, L. R. 1962 Permian plant microfossils from the Flowerpot Formation, Greer County, Oklahoma. Circular 49 5Google Scholar
Wing, S. L.Tiffney, B. H. 1987 The reciprocal interaction of angiosperm evolution and tetrapod herbivoryReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 50 179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wing, S. L.Tiffney, B. H. 1987 Interactions of angiosperms and herbivorous tetrapods through timeThe Origins of Angiosperms and their Biological ConsequencesFriis, E. M.Chaloner, W. G.Crane, P. R.CambridgeCambridge University Press203Google Scholar
Wing, S. L.Sues, H. D. 1992 Mesozoic and early Cenozoic terrestrial systemsTerrestrial Ecosystems Through TimeBehrensmeyer, A. K.Chicago, ILChicago University Press327Google Scholar
Wing, S. L.Hickey, L. J.Swisher, C. C. 1993 Implications of an exceptional fossil flora for Late Cretaceous vegetationNature 363 342CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wing, S. L.Boucher, L. D. 1998 Ecological aspects of the Cretaceous flowering plant radiationAnnual Review of Earth and Planetary Science 26 379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wing, S. L.Harrington, G. J.Smith, F. A. 2005 Transient floral change and rapid global warming at the Paleocene-Eocene boundaryScience 310 993CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wing, S. L.Herrera, FJaramillo, C. A. 2009 Late Paleocene fossils from the Cerrejon Formation, Colombia, are the earliest record of Neotropical rainforestProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 106 18??627CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Winter, K.-U.Becker, A.Münster, T. 1999 MADS-box genes reveal that gnetophytes are more closely related to conifers than to flowering plantsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 96 7342CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolfe, J. A.Pakiser, H. M. 1971 Stratigraphic interpretations of some Cretaceous microfossil floras of the Middle Atlantic StatesUS Geological Survey Professional Papers, B35Google Scholar
Wolfe, J. A. 1973 Fossil forms of AmentiferaeBrittonia 25 334CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfe, J. A.Wehr, W. 1978 Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern WashingtonUS Geological Survey Bulletin 1597 1Google Scholar
Wolfe, J. A. 1979 Temperature parameters of humid to mesic forests of eastern Asia and their relation to forests of other areas of the Northern Hemisphere and AustralasiaUS Geological Survey Professional Papers 1106 1Google Scholar
Wolfe, J. A. 1985 Distribution of major vegetational types during the TertiaryThe Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO2: Natural Variations Archean to PresentBroeckera, W. S.Sundquist, E. T.Washington, D.CAmerican Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph357Google Scholar
Wolfe, J. A. 1987 Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic history of deciduousness and the terminal Cretaceous eventPaleobiology 13 215CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfe, J. A.Tanai, T. 1987 Systematics, phylogeny, and distribution of (maples) in the Cenozoic of western North AmericaJournal of the Faculty of Sciences. Hokkaido University Ser. 4 22 1Google Scholar
Wolfe, J. A.Upchurch, G. R. 1987 North American nonmarine climates and vegetation during the Late CretaceousPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 61 33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfe, J. A. 1990 Estimates of Pliocene precipitation and temperature based on multivariate analysis of leaf physiognomyPliocene Climates – Scenario for Global WarmingGosnell, L. B.Poore, R. Z.US Geological Survey Open-File Report39Google Scholar
Wolfe, J. A. 1991 Palaeobotanical evidence for a June ‘impact’ at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundaryNature 352 420CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfe, J. A. 1993 A method of obtaining climatic parameters from leaf assemblagesUS Geological Survey Bulletin 2040 1Google Scholar
Wolfe, J. A.Spicer, R. A. 1999 Fossil leaf character states: multivariate analysesFossil Plants and Spores: Modern TechniquesJones, T. P.Rowe, N. P.LondonGeological Society233Google Scholar
Wolfe, K. H.Gouy, M.Yang, Y.-W.Sharp, P. M.Li, W.-H. 1989 Date of the monocot-dicot divergence estimated from chloroplast DNA sequence dataProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 86 6201CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Won, H.Renner, S. S. 2006 Dating dispersal and radiation in the gymnosperm (Gnetales) – clock calibration when outgroup relationships are uncertainSystematic Biology 55 610CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woodhouse, R. P. 1935 Pollen GrainsNew YorkMcGraw-Hill Book CoGoogle Scholar
Wu, C.-Y.Kubitzki, K. 1993 LardizabalaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag361Google Scholar
Wu, C.-Y.Kubitzki, K. 1993 SaururaceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag586Google Scholar
Wu, C.-Y.Kubitzki, K. 1993 CircaeasteraceaeThe Families and Genera of Vascular PlantsKubitzki, K.Rohwer, J. G.Bittrich, V.Berlin, HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag288Google Scholar
Wu, S.-Q. 1999 A preliminary study of the Jehol flora from western LiaoningPalaeoworld 11 7Google Scholar
Wu, S.-Q. 2003 Land plantsThe Jehol BiotaChang, M.Chen, P. J.ShanghaiShanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers167Google Scholar
Yabe, H.Endo, S. 1935 remains from the Lower Cretaceous? bed of JeholProceedings of the Imperial Academy, Tokyo 11 274Google Scholar
Yamada, T.Kato, M. 2008 , a fossil seed of Trimeniaceae from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) of Hokkaido, Northern JapanActa Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 59 228Google Scholar
Yang, X. J. 2003 New material of fossil plants from the Early Cretaceous Muling Formation of the Jixi Basin, Eastern Heilongjiang Province, ChinaActa Palaeontologica Sinica 42 561Google Scholar
Yang, Y.Geng, B.-Y.Dilcher, D. L.Chen, Z.-D.Lott, T. A. 2005 Morphology and affinities of an Early Cretaceous (Ephedraceae) from ChinaAmerican Journal of Botany 92 231CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, Z.Cheng, Y.Wang, H. 1986 The Geology of China. Oxford Monographs on Geology and GeophysicsOxfordClarendon PressGoogle Scholar
Yao, X.Taylor, T. N.Taylor, E. L. 1995 The corystosperm pollen organ from the Triassic of AntarcticaAmerican Journal of Botany 82 535CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yao, Y.-F.Xi, Y.-Z.Geng, B.-Y.Li, C.-S. 2004 The exine ultrastructure of pollen grains in (Gnetaceae) from China and its bearing on the relationship with the ANITA GroupBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146 415CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoder, A. D.Yang, Z. 2000 Estimation of primate speciation dates using local molecular clocksMolecular Biology and Evolution 17 1081CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zaklinskaya, E. D. 1981 Phylogeny and classification of the NormapollesReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology 35 139CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zanis, M. J.Soltis, D. E.Soltis, P. S.Mathews, S.Donoghue, M. J. 2002 The root of the angiosperms revisitedProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 99 6848CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zanis, M. J.Soltis, D. E.Soltis, P. S.Qiu, Y.-L.Zimmer, E. A. 2003 Phylogenetic analyses and perianth evolution in basal angiospermsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 90 129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zastawniak, E. 1994 Upper Cretaceous leaf flora from the Blaszyk Moraine (Zamek Formation), King George Island, South Shetland Islands, West AntarcticaActa Palaeobotanica 34 119Google Scholar
Zavada, M. S.Crepet, W. L. 1981 Investigations of angiosperms from the Middle Eocene of North America: Flowers of the CeltidoideaeAmerican Journal of Botany 68 924CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zavada, M. S.Crepet, W. L. 1986 Pollen wall ultrastructure of the type material of , and Pollen et Spores 27 271Google Scholar
Zavada, M. S.Dilcher, D. L. 1986 Comparative pollen morphology and its relationship to phylogeny of pollen in the HamamelidaeAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 73 348CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zavada, M. S.Taylor, T. N. 1986 Pollen morphology of LactoridaceaePlant Systematics and Evolution 154 31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zavada, M. S.Benzon, J. M. 1987 First fossil evidence for the primitive angiosperm family LactoridaceaeAmerican Journal of Botany 74 1590CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zavada, M. S. 2003 The ultrastructure of angiosperm pollen from the Lower Cenomanian of the Morondova Basin, MadagascarGrana 42 20CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zavialova, N.van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J.Zavada, M. 2009 The pollen ultrastructure of Thomas (Bennettitales) from the Bajocian of YorkshireInternational Journal of Plant Sciences 170 1195CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zbyszewski, G.Moitinho d'Almeida, F.Torre de Assunção, C. 1955 Carta Geológica de Portugal na Escala de 1/50 000. Notícia Explicativa da Folha 30-C Torres VedrasLisbonServi??os Geol??gicos de PortugalGoogle Scholar
Zeba-Bano, Maheshawari, H. K.Bose, M. N. 1979 Some plant remains from Pathargama, Rajmahal Hills, BiharThe Palaeobotanist 26 144Google Scholar
Zetter, R.Hofmann, C.-C.Draxler, I. 1999 A rich Middle Eocene microflora at Arroyo de los Mineros, near Canãdón Beta, NE Tierra del Fuego Province, ArgentinaAbhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 56 439Google Scholar
Zetter, R.Hesse, M.Huber, K. H. 2002 Combined LM, SEM and TEM studies of Late Cretaceous pollen and spores from Gmünd, Lower AustriaStapfia 80 201Google Scholar
Zhang, Y.-Y. 1999 The evolutionary succession of Cretaceous angiosperm pollen in ChinaActa Palaeontologica Sinica 38 435Google Scholar
Zheng, Y.Wang, W. 1994 Sequence of Miocene Fotan Group in SE Fujian and its palyno-assemblagesActa Palaeontologica Sinica 33 200Google Scholar
Zherikhin, V. V. 2002 Ecological history of the terrestrial insectsHistory of InsectsRasnytsyn, A. P.Quicke, D. L. J.DordrechtKluwer Academic Press331Google Scholar
Zhilin, S. G. 1974 The Tertiary Floras of the Plateau Ustjurt (Transcaspia)LeningradNaukaGoogle Scholar
Zhou, Z.-H.Zhang, , F 2002 A long-tailed, seed-eating bird from the Early Cretaceous of ChinaNature 418 405CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhou, Z.-H.Barrett, P. M.Hilton, J. 2003 An exceptionally preserved Lower Cretaceous ecosystemNature 421 807CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhou, Z.-H.Zhang, F. 2003 Anatomy of the primitive bird from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, ChinaCanadian Journal of Earth Science 40 731CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, Z.-H. 2004 Vertebrate radiations of the Jehol Biota and their environmental backgroundChinese Science Bulletin 49 754CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, Z.-H.Zhang, F. 2005 Discovery of an ornithurine bird and its implication for Early Cretaceous avian radiationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 102 18 998CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhou, Z.-H. 2006 Evolutionary radiation of the Jehol Biota: chronological and ecological perspectivesGeological Journal 41 377Google Scholar
Zhou, Z.-K.Crepet, W. L.Nixon, K. C. 2001 The earliest fossil evidence of the Hamamelidaceae: Late Cretaceous (Turonian) inflorescences and fruits of AltingioideaeAmerican Journal of Botany 88 753CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhou, Z.-Y.Li, H.-M.Cao, Z. Y. 1990 Some Cretaceous plants from Pingzhou (Ping Chau) Island, Hong KongActa Palaeontologica Sinica 29 415Google Scholar
Zhou, Z.-Y.Li, H. 1994 Some Late Cretaceous plants from King George Island, AntarcticaStratigraphy and Palaeontology of Fildes Peninsula, King Georges Island, Antarctica, State Antarctic Committee. Monograph 3Shen, Y.BeijingScience Press85Google Scholar
Zhou, Z.-Y. 1997 Mesozoic Ginkgoalean megafossils: a systematic reviewGinkgo biloba, A Global TreasureHori, T.Ridge, R. W.Tulecke, W.Del Tredici, P.Trémouillaux-Guiller, J.Tobe, H.TokyoSpringer-Verlag183CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, Z.-Y.Zheng, S. 2003 The missing link in evolutionNature 423 821CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ziegler, A. M.Raymond, A. L.Gierlowski, T. C. 1987 Coal, climate and terrestrial productivity: the present and early Cretaceous comparedCoal and Coal-bearing Strata: Recent AdvancesScott, A. C.Geological Society Special Publication25Google Scholar
Zimmerman, W. 1933 Paläobotanische und phylogenetische Beiträge I-VPalaeobiologica 5 321Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×