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State Street Bank & Trust Company v. Signature Financial Group, Inc., 149 F.3d 1368 (Fed. Cir. 1998).

Symbol Technologies, Inc. v. Lemelson Medical, Education & Research Foundation, LP, 422 F.3d 1378 (Fed. Cir. 2005).

Traffix Devices, Inc. v. Marketing Displays, Inc. 532 U.S. 23 (2001).

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Samara Brothers, Inc., 529 U.S. 205 (2000).

Waterman v. Mackenzie, 138 U.S. 255 (1891).