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14 - Role of Visual Attention in Developmental Dyslexia

from Part II - Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on Developmental Dyslexia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2019

By
Andrea Facoetti ,
Sandro Franceschini  and
Simone Gori
Edited by
Ludo Verhoeven ,
Charles Perfetti  and
Kenneth Pugh
Ludo Verhoeven
Affiliation:
Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen
Charles Perfetti
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Kenneth Pugh
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
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Summary

Attention is a neurocognitive process composed by subprocesses located in several brain areas and controlled by specific neurotransmitters (Petersen & Posner, 2012). This process aims to select relevant information and modulates sensory processing, perception, memory, and learning. This selection of information processing – based on the combination of perceptual noise exclusion and signal enhancement – is fundamental in developing fine object representations in the brain (see Corbetta & Shulman, 2011; Petersen & Posner, 2012; Roelfsema, van Ooyen, & Watanabe, 2010, for reviews).

Alerting and orienting are the two main processes involved in reading acquisition. Alerting is defined as the multisensory attentional process that increases performance during tasks (Petersen & Posner, 2012), producing a phasic change in alertness (e.g., Ronconi et al., 2016). The alerting system can already be measured in the infant brain (e.g., Ronconi, Facoetti et al., 2014).

Type
Chapter
Information
Developmental Dyslexia across Languages and Writing Systems , pp. 307 - 326
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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