Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- About the authors
- Preface
- Purpose
- Acknowledgments
- PART II BIOMARKERS AND ISOTOPES IN PETROLEUM SYSTEMS AND EARTH HISTORY
- 12 Geochemical correlation and chemometrics
- 13 Source- and age-related biomarker parameters
- 14 Maturity-related biomarker parameters
- 15 Non-biomarker maturity parameters
- 16 Biodegradation parameters
- 17 Tectonic and biotic history of the Earth
- 18 Petroleum systems through time
- 19 Problem areas and further work
- Appendix: geologic time charts
- Glossary
- References
- Index
12 - Geochemical correlation and chemometrics
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 April 2013
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- About the authors
- Preface
- Purpose
- Acknowledgments
- PART II BIOMARKERS AND ISOTOPES IN PETROLEUM SYSTEMS AND EARTH HISTORY
- 12 Geochemical correlation and chemometrics
- 13 Source- and age-related biomarker parameters
- 14 Maturity-related biomarker parameters
- 15 Non-biomarker maturity parameters
- 16 Biodegradation parameters
- 17 Tectonic and biotic history of the Earth
- 18 Petroleum systems through time
- 19 Problem areas and further work
- Appendix: geologic time charts
- Glossary
- References
- Index
Summary
Geochemical correlation can be used to establish petroleum systems to improve exploration success, define reservoir compartments to enhance production, and identify the origin of petroleum contaminating the environment. This chapter explains how chemometrics simplifies genetic oil-oil and oil-source rock correlations and other interpretations of complex multivariate data sets.
The origin of spilled crude oil or refined product is commonly difficult to determine because they can be displaced from their point of origin by groundwater or ocean currents and many potential sources may be nearby, e.g. natural seeps, pipelines, tankers, and production platforms. Likewise, exploration is complicated by the fact that oil tends to migrate from fine-grained, organic-rich source rock to coarser-grained reservoir rocks. Because both short- and long-distance migration of petroleum can occur and several potential source rocks are generally available in a given basin, the source for many oils remains problematic.
Note: Oil from the Monterey Formation in California is commonly found within or stratigraphically near the source rock. Oil in the Devonian pinnacle reefs of western Canada appears to have migrated from nearby sources, while oil at Athabasca probably migrated up to 100 km or more from the source rock.
Areas of concentrated petroleum occurrence can be predicted using mapping methods that integrate geology, geophysics, and geochemistry (Demaison, 1984). Biomarkers are a powerful component in this petroleum exploration approach. Combined with other exploration tools, biomarker geochemistry significantly reduces the risk associated with exploration for petroleum.
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- The Biomarker Guide , pp. 475 - 482Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2004
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