Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- List of symbols
- 1 The general nature of biosphere-atmosphere fluxes
- 2 Thermodynamics, work, and energy
- 3 Chemical reactions, enzyme catalysts, and stable isotopes
- 4 Control over metabolic fluxes
- 5 Modeling the metabolic CO2 flux
- 6 Diffusion and continuity
- 7 Boundary layer and stomatal control over leaf fluxes
- 8 Leaf structure and function
- 9 Water transport within the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum
- 10 Leaf and canopy energy budgets
- 11 Canopy structure and radiative transfer
- 12 Vertical structure and mixing of the atmosphere
- 13 Wind and turbulence
- 14 Observations of turbulent fluxes
- 15 Modeling of fluxes at the canopy and landscape scales
- 16 Soil fluxes of CO2, CH4, and NOx
- 17 Fluxes of biogenic volatile compounds between plants and the atmosphere
- 18 Stable isotope variants as tracers for studying biosphere-atmosphere exchange
- References
- Index
- Plate Section
7 - Boundary layer and stomatal control over leaf fluxes
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2014
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- List of symbols
- 1 The general nature of biosphere-atmosphere fluxes
- 2 Thermodynamics, work, and energy
- 3 Chemical reactions, enzyme catalysts, and stable isotopes
- 4 Control over metabolic fluxes
- 5 Modeling the metabolic CO2 flux
- 6 Diffusion and continuity
- 7 Boundary layer and stomatal control over leaf fluxes
- 8 Leaf structure and function
- 9 Water transport within the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum
- 10 Leaf and canopy energy budgets
- 11 Canopy structure and radiative transfer
- 12 Vertical structure and mixing of the atmosphere
- 13 Wind and turbulence
- 14 Observations of turbulent fluxes
- 15 Modeling of fluxes at the canopy and landscape scales
- 16 Soil fluxes of CO2, CH4, and NOx
- 17 Fluxes of biogenic volatile compounds between plants and the atmosphere
- 18 Stable isotope variants as tracers for studying biosphere-atmosphere exchange
- References
- Index
- Plate Section
Summary
The resistances encountered by molecules of carbon dioxide in moving into the leaf from the source in the ambient air to the sink at the sites of reaction in the chloroplasts may be used to describe quantitatively specific anatomical and physiological responses to environment . . . Similarly, the resistances to the transfer of water through the leaf from the source, which can be considered to be at the termination of the xylem, to the sink in the ambient air, first as a liquid and then as a vapour, describe adaptations and responses of the leaf to control water loss . . .
Paul Jarvis (1971)The quote by Paul Jarvis, which he offered in a synopsis paper concerning leaf diffusive resistances, contains implicit reference to the fact that controls over plant-atmosphere fluxes reflect not only the processes that drive the exchanges of H2O and CO2, but also past evolutionary modification of the leaf form and function. Thus, an understanding of fluxes at the plant and leaf scales requires perspectives on adaptation, in addition to biophysical processes. In fact, recognition that leaf and plant function can be best explained when both of these principles are integrated into a common framework has served as the intellectual cornerstone for the discipline of plant physiological ecology for over four decades. In this chapter we develop this integration with regard to the specific case of leaf processes and their underlying diffusive fluxes. In the next chapter, we will consider explicitly the process of adaptation with regard to leaf function, and the concept of adaptation as an organizing principle from which we can predict patterns of covariance between environmental change and traits that control leaf-atmosphere gas exchanges. Although we will focus on the leaf scale in both chapters, we will also begin to introduce concepts associated with atmospheric pressure gradients, turbulent transport, and eddy diffusivity, all of which will be valuable as we move into future chapters.
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- Chapter
- Information
- Terrestrial Biosphere-Atmosphere Fluxes , pp. 136 - 172Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2014