Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Home
Hostname: page-component-55597f9d44-xbgml Total loading time: 1.115 Render date: 2022-08-08T21:17:26.692Z Has data issue: true Feature Flags: { "shouldUseShareProductTool": true, "shouldUseHypothesis": true, "isUnsiloEnabled": true, "useRatesEcommerce": false, "useNewApi": true } hasContentIssue true
State Control over Private Military and Security Companies in Armed Conflict State Control over Private Military and Security Companies in Armed Conflict
Buy print or eBook[Opens in a new window]

Book contents

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2012

Hannah Tonkin
Hannah Tonkin
Affiliation:
University of Oxford
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
State Control over Private Military and Security Companies in Armed Conflict , pp. 264 - 293
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Purchase

Buy Book

Buy print or eBook[Opens in a new window]

References

Abdullah, IBush Path to Destruction: The Origin and Character of the Revolutionary United Front/Sierra Leone 1998 36 Journal of Modern African Studies203CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abresch, WA Human Rights Law of Internal Armed Conflict: The European Court of Human Rights in Chechnya 2005 16 European Journal of International Law741CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adams, C 2002
Ago, RFourth Report on State Responsibility 1972 Yearbook of the International Law Commission IIGoogle Scholar
Ago, R‘Seventh Report on State Responsibility 1978 Yearbook of the International Law Commission IIGoogle Scholar
Akehurst, MThe Hierarchy of the Sources of International Law 1974 47 British Yearbook of International Law273CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aldrich, GNew Life for the Laws of War 1981 75 American Journal of International Law764CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, D 2009
Alston, PNon-State Actors and Human RightsOxfordOxford University Press 2005Google Scholar
Amerasinghe, CDiplomatic ProtectionOxfordOxford University Press 2008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Americans Mutilated after Iraqi Ambush 4 2004
Annan, K 1998
Ashworth, M 1997
Askin, KProsecuting Wartime Rape and Other Gender-Related Crimes under International Law: Extraordinary Advances, Enduring Obstacles 2003 21 Berkeley Journal of International Law288Google Scholar
Aust, AModern Treaty Law and PracticeCambridgeCambridge University Press 2000Google Scholar
Australian Law Reform Commission 1984
Avant, DFrom Mercenaries to Citizen Armies: Explaining Change in the Practice of War 2000 54 International Organization41CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avant, D‘Privatizing Military Training 2000 5 Foreign Policy in FocusGoogle Scholar
Avant, DThe Market for Force: The Consequences of Privatizing SecurityCambridgeCambridge University Press 2005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avant, D‘NGOs, Corporations, and Security Transformation in Africa 2007 29 International Relations143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avant, DSigelman, LPrivate Security and Democracy: Lessons from the US in Iraq 2010 19 Security Studies230CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Azzam, FThe Duty of Third States to Implement and Enforce International Humanitarian Law 1997 66 Nordic Journal of International Law55CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, MMurphy, B 2009
Barnidge, RNon-State Actors and Terrorism: Applying the Law of State Responsibility and the Due Diligence PrincipleCambridgeCambridge University Press 2007Google Scholar
Barstow, D 2004
Baxter, RSo-Called “Unprivileged Belligerency”: Spies, Guerillas, and Saboteurs 1951 28 British Yearbook of International Law323Google Scholar
Baxter, R‘A Sceptical Look at the Concept of Terrorism 1974 7 Akron Law Review380Google Scholar
Ben-Naftali, OShany, YLiving in Denial: The Application of Human Rights in the Occupied Territories 2003 37 Israel Law Review17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Best, GHumanity in Warfare: The Modern History of the International Law of Armed ConflictsLondon,Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd 1980Google Scholar
Bianco, AAnderson Forest, S 2003
Boisson de Chazournes, LCondorelli, LQuelques Remarques ?? propos de I???Obligation des Etats de ???Respecter et Faire Respecter??? le Droit International Humanitaire en Toutes CirconstancesSwinarski, C.Studies and Essays on International Humanitarian Law and Red Cross Principles in Honour of Jean PictetGeneva/The HagueICRC/Martinus Nijhoff, 1984Google Scholar
Boisson de Chazournes, LCondorelli, L‘Common Article 1 of the Geneva Conventions Revisited: Protecting Collective Interests 2000 837 International Review of the Red Cross67Google Scholar
Bonn International Center for ConversionGlobal Disarmament, Demilitarization and DemobilizationBaden-BadenNomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003Google Scholar
Borchard, EDiplomatic Protection of Citizens AbroadNew York,Banks Law Publishing 1928Google Scholar
Borgen, CResolving Treaty Conflicts 2005 37 George Washington International Law Review573Google Scholar
Borger, J 2004
Borrie, GCourts-Martial, Civilians and Civil Liberties 1969 32 Modern Law Review35CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bothe, MThe Historical Evolution of International Humanitarian Law, International Human Rights Law, Refugee Law and International Criminal LawFischer, H.Froissart, U.Heintschel von Heinegg, W.Raap, C.Crisis Management and Humanitarian ProtectionBerlin,Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag 2004Google Scholar
Bothe, MPartsch, KSolf, W.New Rules for Victims of Armed Conflict: Commentary on the Two 1977 Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949The Hague,Martinus Nijhoff 1982Google Scholar
Bratspies, RMiller, RTransboundary Harm in International LawCambridgeCambridge University Press 2006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, HThe Law of NationsLondon,Stevens 1952Google Scholar
Brinkley, J 2004
Briton Held in Iraq over Shooting 2009
Brodsky, R 2010
Brooks, DWrite a Cheque, End a War 2000 6 Conflict TrendsGoogle Scholar
Brooks, D 2003
Brownlie, IVolunteers and the Law of War and Neutrality 1956 5 International and Comparative Law Quarterly570CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brownlie, IInternational Law and the Use of Force by StatesOxford,Clarendon Press 1963CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brownlie, IState ResponsibilityOxford,Clarendon Press 1983Google Scholar
Brownlie, IPrinciples of Public International LawOxford,Clarendon Press 2008Google Scholar
Bruno, G 2008
Buchanan, AJustice, Legitimacy and Self-Determination: Moral Foundations for International LawOxfordOxford University Press 2004Google Scholar
Burmester, H. C.The Recruitment and Use of Mercenaries in Armed Conflicts 1978 72 American Journal of International Law37CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byrnes, ACivil Remedies for Torture Committed AbroadScott, C.Torture as TortOxford,Hart 2001Google Scholar
Caparini, MLicensing Regimes for the Export of Military Goods and ServicesChesterman, S.Lehnardt, C.From Mercenaries to Market: The Rise and Regulation of Private Military CompaniesOxfordOxford University Press 2007Google Scholar
Caron, DThe ILC Articles on State Responsibility: The Paradoxical Relationship between Form and Authority 2002 96 American Journal of International Law857CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassese, AMercenaries: Lawful Combatants or War Criminals 1980 40 Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht1Google Scholar
Cassese, A‘On the Current Trends towards Criminal Prosecution and Punishment of Breaches of International Humanitarian Law 1998 9 European Journal of International Law2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassese, AInternational LawOxfordOxford University Press 2005Google Scholar
Cassese, AInternational Criminal LawOxfordOxford University Press 2008Google Scholar
Castren, EThe Present Law of War and NeutralityHelsinkiSuomalainen Tiedeakatemia 1954Google Scholar
Cawthra, GThe Security Forces in TransitionCawthra, G.Cilliers, J.Mertz, P.-B.The Future of Security and Defence in South AfricaMowbrayInstitute for a Democratic Alternative for South Africa 1998Google Scholar
Chapman, KThe Untouchables: Private Military Contractors’ Criminal Accountability under the UCMJ 2010 63 Vanderbilt Law Review1047Google Scholar
Chen, DHolding “Hired Guns” Accountable: The Legal Status of Private Security Contractors in Iraq 2009 32 Boston College International and Comparative Law Review101Google Scholar
Chesterman, SWe Can't Spy … If We Can't Buy!”: The Privatization of Intelligence and the Limits of Outsourcing “Inherently Governmental Functions 2008 19 European Journal of International Law1055CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clapham, AThe European Convention on Human RightsScott, C.Torture as TortOxford,Hart 2001Google Scholar
Clapham, AHuman Rights Obligations of Non-State ActorsOxfordOxford University Press 2006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cockayne, JCommercial Security in Humanitarian and Post-Conflict Settings: An Exploratory StudyNew York,International Peace Academy 2006Google Scholar
Cockayne, J‘Regulating Private Military and Security Companies: The Content, Negotiation, Weaknesses and Promise of the Montreux Document’ 2009 13 Journal of Conflict and Security Law401CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cockayne, J.Speers Mears, E.Cherneva, I.Gurin, A.Oviedo, S.Yaeger, D.Beyond Market Forces: Regulating the Global Security IndustryInternational Peace InstituteNew York 2009Google Scholar
Cohen, ECitizens and Soldiers: The Dilemmas of Military ServiceNew York,Cornell University Press 1985Google Scholar
Cohen, EHuman Rights in the Israeli Occupied TerritoriesManchester,Manchester University Press 1985Google Scholar
Cohen, R 1995
Cole, A 2009
Combacau, JObligations de R??sultat et Obligations de Comportement: Quelques Questions et Pas de R??ponseMélanges Offerts à P. ReuterParis,Pedone 1981Google Scholar
Combacau, JAlland, DPrimary” and “Secondary” Rules in the Law of State Responsibility: Categorising International Obligations 1985 16 Netherlands Yearbook of International Law81CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Condorelli, LLa Protection des Droits de l’Homme Lors d’Actions Militaires Menées à l’Etranger’ 2005 32 Collegium89Google Scholar
Conforti, BState Responsibility for Breach of Positive Obligations???Fitzmaurice, M.Sarooshi, D.Issues of State Responsibility before International Judicial InstitutionsOxford,Hart 2004Google Scholar
2006
Coomans, FKamminga, MExtraterritorial Application of Human Rights TreatiesOxford,Intersentia 2004Google Scholar
Cottier, MElements for Contracting Private Military and Security Companies 2006 88 International Review of the Red Cross637CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowell, A 1990
Cowell, A 1995
Crawford, JExecution of Judgments and Foreign Sovereign Immunity 1981 75 American Journal of International Law820CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crawford, J‘International Law and Foreign Sovereigns: Distinguishing Immune Transactions 1983 54 British Yearbook of International Law74Google Scholar
Crawford, J‘Revising the Draft Articles on State Responsibility 1999 10 European Journal of International Law436CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crawford, J???Right of Self-Determination in International LawAlston, P.Peoples' RightsOxfordOxford University Press 2005Google Scholar
Crawford, JOlleson, SThe Continuing Debate on a UN Convention on State Responsibility 2005 54 International and Comparative Law Quarterly959CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1995 148
Curtis, R. E.The Law of Hostile Military Expeditions as Applied by the United States 1914 8 American Journal of International Law1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, R. E.‘The Law of Hostile Military Expeditions as Applied by the United States: Part 2 1914 8 American Journal of International Law224CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daragahi, B 2003
Deâk, FJessup, P. C.A Collection of Neutrality Laws, Regulations and Treaties of Various CountriesWestport, CT,Greenwood Press 1974Google Scholar
De Arechega, JTanzi, AInternational State ResponsibilityBedjaoui, M.International Law: Achievements and ProspectsLondon,Martinus Nijhoff 1991Google Scholar
De Bustamente, AThe Hague Convention Concerning the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons in Land Warfare 1908 2 American Journal of International Law95CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Nevers, RPrivate Security Companies and the Laws of War 2009 40 Security Dialogue169CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Nevers, R‘(Self) Regulating War?: Voluntary Regulation and the Private Security Industry 2009 18 Security Studies479CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Nevers, R‘The Effectiveness of Self-Regulation by the Private Military and Security Industry 2010 30 Journal of Public Policy219CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Schutter, OThe Accountability of Multinationals for Human Rights Violations in European LawAlston, P.Non-State Actors and Human RightsOxfordOxford University Press 2005Google Scholar
Del Prado, JPrivate Military and Security Companies and the UN Working Group on the Use of Mercenaries 2009 13 Journal of Conflict and Security Law429CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dennis, MApplication of Human Rights Treaties Extraterritorially in Times of Armed Conflict and Military Occupation 2005 99 American Journal of International Law119CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dickey, C 2006
Dickinson, LPublic Law Values in a Privatized World 2006 31 Yale Journal of International Law383Google Scholar
Dickinson, L‘Accountability of Private Security Contractors under International and Domestic Law 2007 11 American Society of International Law InsightsGoogle Scholar
Dinnen, SMay, RRegan, AChallenging the State: The Sandline Affair in Papua New GuineaCanberra,National Centre for Development Studies 1997Google Scholar
Dinstein, YThe International Law of Inter-State Wars and Human Rights 1977 Israel Yearbook of Human Rights148Google Scholar
Dinstein, YThe Conduct of Hostilities under the Law of International Armed ConflictCambridgeCambridge University Press 2004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dörmann, KLegal Situation of “Unlawful/Unprivileged Combatants 2003 849 International Review of the Red Cross46Google Scholar
Doswald-Beck, LThe Legal Validity of Military Intervention by Invitation of the Government 1985 56 British Yearbook of International Law189CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doswald-Beck, L???Private Military Companies under International Humanitarian LawChesterman, S.Lehnardt, C.From Mercenaries to Market: The Rise and Regulation of Private Military CompaniesOxfordOxford University Press 2007Google Scholar
Doswald-Beck, LVité, SInternational Humanitarian Law and Human Rights Law 1993 293 International Review of the Red Cross94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Douglas, IFighting for Diamonds: Private Military Companies in Sierra LeoneCilliers, J.Mason, P.Peace, Profit or Plunder? The Privatisation of Security in War-Torn African SocietiesJohannesburg,Institute for Security Studies 1990Google Scholar
Droege, C 2006
Droege, C‘The Interplay between International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law 2007 40 Israel Law Review310CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dubuisson, FVers un Renforcement des Obligations de Diligence en Mati??re de Lutte Contre le TerrorismeBannelier, K.Christakis, TCorten, O.Delcourt, B.Le Droit International Face au TerrorismeParis,Pedone 2002Google Scholar
Dupuy, P.-M.Due Diligence in the International Law of State ResponsibilityLegal Aspects of Transfrontier PollutionParis,Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 1977Google Scholar
Dupuy, P.-M.‘Reviewing the Difficulties of Codification: On Ago's Classification of Obligations of Means and Obligations of Result in Relation to State Responsibility 1999 10 European Journal of International Law371CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dupuy, P.-MHoss, CTrail Smelter and TerrorismBratspies, R.Miller, R.Transboundary Harm in International LawCambridgeCambridge University Press 2006Google Scholar
Duquesne, ALa Responsabilité Solidaire des Etats aux Termes de l’Article 1 des Conventions de Genève 1966 15 Annales de Droit International Médical83Google Scholar
Eagar, C 1995
Elsea, JSchwartz, MNakamura, K 2008
2009
Engelhardt, T 2007
2004
2006
European Commission for Democracy through Law 2009
Evans, MInternational LawOxfordOxford University Press 2006Google Scholar
Ex-Managers: Security Firm Cut Corners at Embassy 2009
Faite, AInvolvement of Private Contractors in Armed Conflict: Implications under International Humanitarian Law 2004 4 Defence Studies166CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farer, T. J.Harnessing Rogue Elephants: A Short Discourse on Foreign Intervention in Civil Strife 1969 82 Harvard Law Review511CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farrell, NAttributing Criminal Liability to Corporate Actors: Some Lessons from the International Tribunals 2010 8 Journal of International Criminal Justice873CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fay, G. R. 2004
Fenwick, CThe Neutrality Laws of the USWashington DC,Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 1913Google Scholar
Fidler, SCatan, T 2003
Fleck, DThe Handbook of Humanitarian Law in Armed ConflictsOxfordOxford University Press 1995Google Scholar
Fleck, D‘International Accountability for Violations of the Ius in Bello: The Impact of the ICRC Study on Customary International Humanitarian Law 2006 11 Journal of Conflict and Security Law182CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fletcher, GOn the Crimes Subject to Prosecution in Military Commissions 2007 5 Journal of International Criminal Justice39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foundation for Middle East PeaceSettlement Time Line 2006 16 Report on Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories5Google Scholar
Fowler, K. A.War and Change in Late Medieval France and EnglandFowler, K. A.The Hundred Years WarLondon,Macmillan 1971Google Scholar
Fowler, K. A.Medieval MercenariesOxford,Blackwell 2001 IGoogle Scholar
Fox, HThe Law of State ImmunityOxfordOxford University Press 2002Google Scholar
Fox, R 1995
France, JMercenaries and Paid Men: The Mercenary Identity in the Middle AgesLeidenBrill 2008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Francioni, FScovazzi, TInternational Responsibility for Environmental HarmLondon,Graham & Trotman 1991Google Scholar
Freeman, A. V.Responsibility of States for Unlawful Acts of Their Armed Forces 1956 88 Recueil des Cours261Google Scholar
Friedmann, WIntervention, Civil War and the Role of International Law 1965 59 American Society of International Law Proceedings67Google Scholar
Gallagher, KCivil Litigation and Transnational Business: An Alien Tort Statute Primer 2010 8 Journal of International Criminal Justice745CrossRefGoogle Scholar
García-Mora, M. R.International Responsibility for Hostile Acts of Private Persons Against Foreign StatesThe Hague,Martinus Nijhoff 1962CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasser, H.-P.Agora: The US Decision Not to Ratify Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions in the Protection of War Victims 1987 81 American Journal of International Law912CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasser, H.-P.Ensuring Respect for the Geneva Conventions and Protocols: The Role of Third States and the United NationsFox, H.Meyer, M.Effecting ComplianceLondon,British Institute of International and Comparative Law 1993Google Scholar
Gehring, TJachtenfuchs, MLiability for Transboundary Environmental Damage: Towards a General Liability Regime 1993 4 European Journal of International Law92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gettleman, J 2004
Gibson, GShane, S 2004
Gillard, E.-C.Reparation for Violations of International Humanitarian Law 2003 851 International Review of the Red Cross529Google Scholar
Gillard, E.-C.‘Business Goes to War: Private Military/Security Companies and International Humanitarian Law 2006 88 International Review of the Red Cross525CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giustozzi, AThe Privatization of War and Security in Afghanistan: Future or Dead End? 2007 2 Economics of Peace and Security JournalCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glanz, JRubin, A 2007
Gomulkiewicz, RInternational Law Governing Aid to Opposition Groups in Civil War: Resurrecting the Standards of Belligerency 1988 63 Washington Law Review42Google Scholar
Gooch, JArmies in EuropeLondon,Routledge and Kegan Paul 1980Google Scholar
Gordon, M 2010
Goulet, Y 1997
Govern, KBales, ETaking Shots at Private Military Firms: International Law Misses Its Mark 2008 32 Fordham International Law Journal55Google Scholar
Gray, C 1988 37 International and Comparative Law Quarterly420CrossRef
Greenspan, MThe Modern Law of Land WarfareBerkeley,University of California Press 1959Google Scholar
Greenwood, C 1987 36 International and Comparative Law Quarterly283CrossRef
Grundy, K 1968 6 Journal of Modern African Studies295CrossRef
Hakimi, MState Bystander Responsibility 2010 21 European Journal of International Law341CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haljan, D. P.A Constitutional Duty to Negotiate Amendments: Reference re Secession of Quebec 1999 48 International and Comparative Law Quarterly447CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, CThe Duty of States Parties to the Convention Against Torture to Provide Procedures Permitting Victims to Recover Reparations for Torture Committed Abroad 2008 18 European Journal of International Law921CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, W. E.The Rights and Duties of NeutralsLondon,Longmans, Green 1874Google Scholar
Hall, W. E.International LawOxford,Clarendon Press 1924Google Scholar
Hamaguchi, CBetween War and Peace: Exploring the Constitutionality of Subjecting Private Civilian Contractors to the UCMJ During Contingency Operations 2008 86 North Carolina Law Review1047Google Scholar
Hampson, F. J.Mercenaries: Diagnosis Before Proscription 1991 3 Netherlands Yearbook International Law1Google Scholar
Hanes, S 2008
Haynes, DFord, R 2009
Heintze, H.-J.On the Relationship between Human Rights Law Protection and International Humanitarian Law 2004 86 International Review of the Red Cross789CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henckaerts, J.-M.Doswald-Beck, LCustomary International Humanitarian LawCambridgeCambridge University Press 2005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henckaerts, J.-M.Doswald-Beck, LCustomary International Humanitarian LawCambridgeCambridge University Press 2005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hessbruegge, J. A.The Historical Development of the Doctrines of Attribution and Due Diligence in International Law 2004 36 New York University Journal of International Law and Policy265Google Scholar
Higgins, RInternational Law and Civil ConflictLuard, E.The International Regulation of Civil WarsLondon,Thames & Hudson Ltd 1972Google Scholar
Higgins, RInternational Law and Civil ConflictLuard, E.Problems and Process: International Law and How We Use ItOxford,Clarendon Press 1994Google Scholar
Higgins, RInternational Law and Civil ConflictLuard, E.???The General International Law of TerrorismHiggins, R.Flory, M.Terrorism and International LawLondon,Routledge 1997CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirsch, JSierra Leone: Diamonds and the Struggle for DemocracyLondon,Lynne Rienner 2001Google Scholar
Hodge, N 2010
Hodge, N 2010
Holmquist, CPrivate Security Companies: The Case for RegulationStockholmStockholm International Policy Research Institute 2005Google Scholar
Hooper, J 1997 91
Hooper, JBloodsong: An Account of Executive Outcomes in AngolaLondonCollins 2002Google Scholar
Hoppe, CPassing the Buck: State Responsibility for Private Military Companies 2008 19 European Journal of International Law989CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoppe, C 2008
Howe, HPrivate Security Forces and African Stability: The Case of Executive Outcomes 1998 36 Journal of Modern African Studies307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Human Rights First 2008
Human Rights Watch 2002
Hunt, AThe Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism 2006 12 European Public Law603Google Scholar
Huntington, S. P.The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military RelationsNew York,Random House 1957Google Scholar
International Committee of the Red Cross 2003
International Committee of the Red Cross 2005
International Committee of the Red Cross 2009
2007
Isenberg, D 2004
Isenberg, D???Challenges of Security Privatisation in IraqBryden, ACaparini, M.Private Actors and Security GovernanceBerlin,LIT Verlag 2007Google Scholar
Isenberg, Dwww.upi.com 2009
Isenberg, D 2010
Jennings, RWatts, AOppenheim's International LawHarlow,Longman 1992Google Scholar
Jessup, P. C.Deâk, F.Alison PhillipsNeutrality, Its History, Economics and LawColumbia University PressNew York 1935Google Scholar
Kaleck, WSaage-Maaß, MCorporate Accountability for Human Rights Violations Amounting to International Crimes: The Status Quo and Its Challenges 2010 8 Journal of International Criminal Justice699CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kalshoven, FState Responsibility for Warlike Acts of the Armed Forces 1991 40 International and Comparative Law Quarterly827CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kalshoven, F‘The Undertaking to Respect and Ensure Respect in All Circumstances: From Tiny Seed to Ripening Fruit 1999 2 Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamenov, TThe Origin of State and Entity Responsibility for Violations of International Humanitarian Law in Armed ConflictsKalshoven, FSandoz, Y.Implementation of International Humanitarian LawDordrecht,Martinus Nijhoff 1989Google Scholar
Katzman, KElsea, J 2004
Keefe, P. R. 2007
Kelsen, HPrinciples of International LawNew York,Rinehart 1952Google Scholar
Kessler, BDie Durchsetzung der Genfer Abkommen von 1949 in nicht-internationalen bewaffneten Konflikten auf Grundlage ihres gemeinsamen Art. 1 2001 132 Veröffentlichungen des Walther-Schücking-Instituts für Internationales Recht an der Universität Kiel26Google Scholar
Kessler, B‘The Duty to “Ensure Respect” under Common Article 1 of the Geneva Conventions: Its Implications on International and Non-International Armed Conflicts 2001 44 German Yearbook of International Law498Google Scholar
Kidane, WThe Status of Private Military Contractors under International Humanitarian Law 2010 38 Denver Journal of International Law and PolicyGoogle Scholar
Kinsey, CCorporate Soldiers and International Security: The Rise of Private Military CompaniesLondon,Routledge 2006Google Scholar
Krahmann, EStates, Citizens and the Privatisation of SecurityCambridgeCambridge University Press 2010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krasner, S. D.Sovereignty: An Institutional PerspectiveCaporaso, J. A.The Elusive State: International and Comparative PerspectivesNewbury Park, CA,Sage 1989Google Scholar
Kremnitzer, MA Possible Case for Imposing Criminal Liability on Corporations in International Criminal Law 2010 8 Journal of International Criminal Justice909CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krieger, HA Conflict of Norms: The Relationship between Humanitarian Law and Human Rights Law in the ICRC Customary Law Study 2006 11 Journal of Conflict and Security Law265CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kunz, JSanctions in International Law 1956 50 American Journal of International Law514Google Scholar
Kwakwa, EThe Current Status of Mercenaries in the Law of Armed Conflict 1990 14 Hastings International and Comparative Law Review67Google Scholar
Lauterpacht, HRevolutionary Activities by Private Persons Against Foreign States 1928 22 American Journal of International Law105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lauterpacht, H‘The Revision of the Law of War 1952 29 British Yearbook of International Law360Google Scholar
Lauterpacht, HOppenheim's International LawLondon,Longmans 1952 IGoogle Scholar
Lauterpacht, HOppenheim's International LawLondon,Longmans 1952 IIGoogle Scholar
Lauterpacht, HOppenheim's International LawLondon,Longmans, Green 1955Google Scholar
Layeb, AMercenary Activity: United States Neutrality Laws and Enforcement 1989 10 New York Law School Journal of International and Comparative Law269Google Scholar
Leach, P 2005
Leander, ADrafting Community: Understanding the Fate of Conscription 2004 30 Armed Forces and Society571CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leander, A‘The Market for Force and Public Security: The Destabilizing Consequences of Private Military Companies 2005 42 Journal of Peace Research605CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leander, A‘Eroding State Authority? Private Military Companies and the Legitimate Use of Force’RomeCentro Militare di Studi Strategici 2006Google Scholar
Lee, TContracting under the SOFA: New Agreement Subjects Contractors to Iraqi Criminal and Civil Laws 2009 4 Journal of International Peace Operations7Google Scholar
Legg, TIbbs, I 1998
Lehnardt, CPrivate Military Companies and State ResponsibilityChesterman, S.Lehnardt, C.From Mercenaries to Market: The Rise and Regulation of Private Military CompaniesOxfordOxford University Press 2007Google Scholar
Levrat, NLes Cons??quences de l???Engagement pris par le HPC de ???Faire Respecter??? les Conventions HumanitairesKalshoven, F.Sandoz, Y.Implementation of International Humanitarian LawDordrecht,Martinus Nijhoff 1989Google Scholar
Lin, FSubversive Intervention 1963 25 University of Pittsburgh Law Review35Google Scholar
Lindroos, AAddressing Norm Conflicts in a Fragmented Legal System: The Doctrine of Lex Specialis 2005 74 Nordic Journal of International Law27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luckey, JGrasso, VManuel, K 2009
Lynch, C 2010
Lynch, TWalsh, A. J.The Good Mercenary 2000 8 Journal of Political Philosophy133CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacAskill, ECIA Hired Blackwater for Al-Qaida Assassination Programme, Sources SayGuardian 2009Google Scholar
Maffai, MAccountability for Private Military and Security Company Employees That Engage in Sex Trafficking and Related Abuses While under Contract with the United States Overseas 2008 26 Wisconsin International Law Journal1095Google Scholar
Malan, MCilliers, J 1997
Mallaby, S 2001
Mallaby, S 2001
Mallett, M. E.Mercenaries and Their Masters: Warfare in Renaissance ItalyLondon,The Bodley Head 1974Google Scholar
Markon, J 2010
Marston, GUK Materials in International Law 1982 53 British Yearbook of International Law519Google Scholar
Mason, R. C. 2008
Maxwell, MWatts, SUnlawful Enemy Combatant: Status, Theory of Culpability or Neither 2007 5 Journal of International Criminal Justice19CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayer, DPeaceful Warriors: Private Military Security Companies and the Quest for Stable Societies 2010 89 Journal of Business Ethics387CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mazzetti, M 2009
McCormack, TThe “Sandline Affair”: Papua New Guinea Resorts to Mercenarism to End the Bougainville Conflict 1998 1 Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law292CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCorquodale, RSimons, PResponsibility Beyond Borders: State Responsibility for Extraterritorial Violations by Corporations of International Human Rights Law 2007 70 Modern Law Review598CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGoldrick, DThe Human Rights Committee: Its Role in the Development of the International Covenant on Civil and Political RightsOxford,Clarendon Press 1991Google Scholar
McGoldrick, D???The Principle of Non-Intervention: Human RightsLowe, A. V.Warbrick, C.The UN and the Principles of International LawLondon,Routledge 1994Google Scholar
McNeill, WThe Pursuit of Power: Technology, Armed Force, and Society Since AD 1000Oxford,Blackwell 1982Google Scholar
Merle, RMcCarthy, E 2004
Meron, T 1978 72 American Journal of International Law542CrossRef
Meron, T‘Extraterritoriality of Human Rights Treaties 1995 89 American Journal of International Law78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meron, T‘International Criminalization of Internal Atrocities 1995 89 American Journal of International Law554CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meron, T‘The Humanization of Humanitarian Law 2000 94 American Journal of International Law239CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyrovitz, H.Le Droit de la Guerre et les Droits de l’Homme 1972 88 Revue de Droit Public et de la Science Politique1059Google Scholar
Milliard, T. S.Overcoming Post-Colonial Myopia: A Call to Recognize and Regulate Private Military Companies 2003 176 Military Law Review1Google Scholar
Mlinarcik, J. T.Private Military Contractors and Justice: A Look at the Industry, Blackwater and the Fallujah Incident 2006 4 Regent Journal of International Law129Google Scholar
Mockler, A.The MercenariesLondonMacDonald 1969Google Scholar
Mockler, A.The New MercenariesLondonSidgwick & Jackson 1985Google Scholar
Moeckli, D.The US Supreme Court's “Enemy Combatant” Decisions: A “Major Victory for the Rule of Law 2005 10 Journal of Conflict and Security Law75CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, J. B.History and Digest of the International Arbitrations to Which the US Has Been a PartyWashington DCGovernment Printing Office 1898Google Scholar
Moore, J. N.Intervention: A Monochromatic Term for a Polychromatic RealityFalk, R.The Vietnam War and International LawPrinceton, NJ, Princeton University Press 1969Google Scholar
Moore, J. N.‘The Control of Foreign Intervention in Internal Conflict 1969 9 Virginia Journal of International Law205Google Scholar
Mowbray, A.The Development of Positive Obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights by the European Court of Human RightsOxford, Hart, 2004Google Scholar
Musah, A.-F.Fayemi, J. K.Mercenaries: An African Security DilemmaLondonPluto Press 2000Google Scholar
Nagl, J.Fontaine, R. 2010
Nollkaemper, A.Concurrence between Individual Responsibility and State Responsibility in International Law 2003 52 International and Comparative Law Quarterly615CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norton, P. M.Between the Ideology and the Reality: The Shadow of the Law of Neutrality 1976 17 Harvard International Law Journal249Google Scholar
Nowak, M.McArthur, E.The United Nations Convention Against Torture: A CommentaryOxfordOxford University Press 2008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Brien, K. 1998 42
O’Brien, K.‘Military-Advisory Groups and African Security: Privatized Peacekeeping 1998 5 International Peacekeeping78Google Scholar
O’Brien, K.???What Should and What Should Not Be RegulatedChesterman, S.Lehnardt, C.From Mercenaries to Market: The Rise and Regulation of Private Military CompaniesOxfordOxford University Press 2007Google Scholar
Official Records of the Diplomatic Conference on the Reaffirmation and Development of International Humanitarian Law Applicable in Armed Conflicts, Geneva 1974 BernFederal Political Department
Ortiz, C.Private Armed Forces and Global Security: A Guide to the IssuesSanta Barbara, CAPraeger 2010Google Scholar
Østensen, A. G.Outsourcing Peace?: The United Nations’ Use of Private Security and Military CompaniesSaärbruckenVDM Verlag, 2009Google Scholar
Pallister, D. 2008
Palwankar, U.Measures Available to States for Fulfilling Their Obligation to Ensure Respect for International Humanitarian Law 1994 298 International Review of the Red Cross9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1997
Parker, J.The Gurkhas: The Inside Story of the World's Most Feared SoldiersLondon,Headline 2005Google Scholar
Parks, W. H.Remarks, Customary Law and Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions for Protection of War Victims 1987 81 American Society of International Law Proceedings27Google Scholar
Partlow, J. 2010
Pasqualucci, J.The Practice and Procedure of the Inter-American Court of Human RightsCambridgeCambridge University Press 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, M.Privatising Peace: A Corporate Adjunct to United Nations Peacekeeping and Humanitarian OperationsNew York,Palgrave Macmillan 2009CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pauwelyn, J.Conflict of Norms in Public International Law: How WTO Law Relates to Other Rules of International LawCambridgeCambridge University Press 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1999
Pech, K.Beresford, D. 1997
Peck, J. 2000
Pejić, J. 2004
Percy, S. 2006
Percy, S.Mercenaries: The History of a Norm in International RelationsOxfordOxford University Press 2007CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Percy, S.???Morality and RegulationChesterman, S.Lehnardt, C.From Mercenaries to Market: The Rise and Regulation of Private Military CompaniesOxfordOxford University Press 2007Google Scholar
Percy, S.‘Mercenaries: Strong Norm, Weak Law 2008 61 International Organization367Google Scholar
Percy, S.‘Private Security Companies and Civil Wars 2009 11 Civil Wars57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrochilos, G.The Relevance of the Concepts of War and Armed Conflict to the Law of Neutrality 1998 31 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law575Google Scholar
Pfanner, T.Interview with Andrew Bearpark 2006 88 International Review of the Red Cross449Google Scholar
Philpott, D.Revolutions in Sovereignty: How Ideas Shaped Modern International RelationsPrinceton, NJ,Princeton University Press 2001Google Scholar
Phinney, D. 2004
Pictet, J.Commentary to the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of WarGenevaInternational Committee of the Red Cross 1958Google Scholar
Pictet, J.Commentary to the Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of WarGenevaInternational Committee of the Red Cross, 1960Google Scholar
Pictet, J.Humanitarian Law and the Protection of War VictimsGenevaHenry Dunant Institute 1975Google Scholar
Pincus, W. 2006
Pisillo-Mazzeschi, R.‘Due diligence’ e Responsabilita Internazionale Degli StatiMilanGiuffr?? 1989Google Scholar
Pisillo-Mazzeschi, R.‘The Due Diligence Rule and the Nature of the International Responsibility of States 1992 35 German Yearbook of International Law9Google Scholar
Pisillo-Mazzeschi, R.???International Obligations to Provide for Reparation ClaimsRandelzhofer, A.Tomuschat, C.State Responsibility and the Individual: Reparation in Instances of Grave Violations of Human RightsLondonMartinus Nijhoff Publishers 1999Google Scholar
1999
Porch, D.The French Foreign Legion: A Complete HistoryLondon,Macmillan 1991Google Scholar
Posen, B.Nationalism, the Mass Army, and Military Power 1993 18 International Security80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Power, S. 1995
Price, R.A Genealogy of the Chemical Weapons Taboo 1995 49 International Organization73CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Priest, D. 2004
Project on Government Oversight 2009 www.pogo.org/pogo-files/letters/contract-oversight/co-gp-20090901.html
Provost, R.International Human Rights and Humanitarian LawCambridgeCambridge University Press 2002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ranganathan, S.Between Complicity and Irrelevance? Industry Associations and the Challenge of Regulating Private Security Contractors 2010 41 Georgetown Journal of International LawGoogle Scholar
Ratner, S.Foreign Occupation and International Territorial Administration: The Challenges of Convergence 2005 16 European Journal of International Law696CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reid, R. H. 2007
Reno, W.Privatising War in Sierra Leone 1997 97 Current History610Google Scholar
Report of the Committee of Privy Counsellors Appointed to Inquire into the Recruitment of MercenariesLondon,Her Majesty's Stationery Office 1976
Rimli, L.Schmeidl, S.Private Security Companies and Local Populations: An Exploratory Study of Afghanistan and AngolaGenevaSwiss Peace Foundation 2007Google Scholar
Risen, J. 2010
Roberts, A.Implementation of the Laws of War in Late 20th Century Conflicts 1998 29 Security Dialogue137CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, A.Combatant StatusWilmshurst, E.Breau, S.Perspectives on the ICRC Study on Customary International Humanitarian LawCambridge,British Institute of International and Comparative Law 2007Google Scholar
Roht-Arriaza, N.Sources in International Treaties of an Obligation to Investigate, Prosecute and Provide RedressRoht-Arriaza, N.Impunity and Human Rights in International Law and PracticeOxfordOxford University Press 1995Google Scholar
Rothenberg, G.The Art of Warfare in the Age of NapoleonLondon,BT Batsford 1977Google Scholar
Rubin, A. 2007
Rubin, A. 2010
Rubin, A.Kramer, A. 2007
Rubin, A.von Zielbauer, P. 2007
Rubin, E. 1997 44
Sahovic, M.Non-Intervention in the Internal Affairs of StatesSahovic, M.Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and CooperationNew York,Oceana Publications 1969Google Scholar
Sahovic, M.Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and CooperationNew York,Oceana Publications 1972Google Scholar
Salans, C. 1968 76
Sandoz, Y.Peace, Profit, or Plunder: The Privatisation of Security in War-Torn African SocietiesPretoria,Institute for Security Studies 1999Google Scholar
Sandoz, Y.Swinarski, C.Zimmermann, B.Commentary on the Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949GenevaInternational Committee of the Red Cross, 1987Google Scholar
Sari, A.The European Union Status of Forces Agreement 2008 13 Journal of Conflict and Security Law353CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saul, B.Defining Terrorism in International LawOxfordOxford University Press 2006Google Scholar
Savage, C. 2009
Scahill, J.BlackwaterLondon,Serpent's Tail 2007Google Scholar
Schindler, D.Aspects Contemporains de la Neutralité 1967 121 Recueil des CoursGoogle Scholar
Schmitt, M.Humanitarian Law and Direct Participation in Hostilities by Private Contractors or Civilian Employees 2004 5 Chicago Journal of International Law511Google Scholar
Schooner, S. L.Contractor Atrocities at Abu Ghraib: Compromised Accountability in a Streamlined, Outsourced Government 2005 16 Stanford Law and Policy Review549Google Scholar
Schreier, F.Caparini, M.Privatising Security: Law, Practice and Governance of Private Military and Security CompaniesGeneva,Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces 2005Google Scholar
Schreuer, C.State Immunity: Some Recent DevelopmentsCambridge,Grotius 1988Google Scholar
Schwartz, M. 2010
Schwarzenberger, G.International Law as Applied by International Courts and TribunalsLondonStevens 1968Google Scholar
Scott, J. B.Reports to the Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907Oxford,Clarendon Press 1917Google Scholar
Seegers, A.The Security Forces and the Transition in South Africa: 1986–1994Cape TownUniversity of Cape Town 1995Google Scholar
Sevastopulo, D. 2007
Seybold, T. B.Major Armed ConflictsStockholm International Peace Research Institute Yearbook 2000OxfordOxford University Press 2000Google Scholar
Shadid, A. 2010
Shearer, D. 1998
Shelton, D.Remedies in International Human Rights LawOxfordOxford University Press 1999Google Scholar
Sherman, J.DiDomenico, V.The Public Cost of Private Security in AfghanistanNew YorkCenter on International Cooperation, New York University 2009Google Scholar
Sibert, M.Traité de Droit International PublicParis,Dalloz 1951Google Scholar
Silber, L.Little, A.Yugoslavia: Death of a NationNew York,Penguin Books 1997Google Scholar
Silverstein, K. 1997 4
Silverstein, K.Private WarriorsLondonVerso 2000Google Scholar
Simpson, J.Weiner, E.Oxford English DictionaryClarendon PressOxford 1989Google Scholar
Sinclair, I.The Law of Sovereign Immunity: Recent Developments 1980 167 Recueil des Cours113Google Scholar
Singer, P.The Private Military Industry and Iraq: What Have We Learned and Where to Next?GenevaGeneva Centre for the Democratic Control of the Armed Forces 2004Google Scholar
Singer, P.‘War, Profits, and the Vacuum of Law: Privatised Military Firms and International Law 2004 42 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law521Google Scholar
Singer, P. 2005
Singer, P.???Can't Win With ???Em, Can't Go to War Without ???EmPrivate Military Contractors and CounterinsurgencyWashington DCBrookings Institution 2007Google Scholar
Singer, P.Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military IndustryLondonCornell University Press 2008Google Scholar
Snyder, S. 2002
Sornarajah, M.Problems in Applying the Restrictive Theory of Sovereign Immunity 1982 31 International and Comparative Law Quarterly661CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sornarajah, M.???Linking State Responsibility for Certain Harms Caused by Corporate Nationals Abroad to Civil Recourse in the Legal Systems of Home States???Scott, C.Torture as Tort: Comparative Perspectives on the Development of Transnational Human Rights LitigationOxfordHart, 2001Google Scholar
Sossai, M.Status of Private Military Companies in the Law of WarThe Question of Direct Participation in HostilitiesEuropean University Institute Working Paper 2009Google Scholar
Spearin, C.Private Security Companies and Humanitarians: A Corporate Solution to Securing Humanitarian Spaces 2001 8 International Peacekeeping20CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Special Inspector-General for Iraq Reconstruction 2009
Spicer, T.An Unorthodox Soldier: Peace and War and the Sandline AffairEdinburgh,Mainstream 1999Google Scholar
Spinedi, M.Private Contractors: Responsabilité Internationale des Entreprises ou Attribution à l’Etat de la Conduite des Personnes Privées 2005 7 Forum du Droit International273CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Staino, E.Suing Private Military Contractors for Torture: How to Use the Alien Tort Statute Without Granting Sovereign Immunity-Related Defenses 2010 50 Santa Clara Law Review1277Google Scholar
Steele, D. 2004
Stein, J. 2010
Stockman, F. 2007
Stoddard, A.Harmer, A.DiDomenico, V.The Use of Private Security Providers and Services in Humanitarian OperationsLondonOverseas Development Institute 2008Google Scholar
Stone, J.Legal Controls of International ConflictLondon,Stevens 1954Google Scholar
Sturcke, J. 2008
Suter, W. K.An Enquiry into the Meaning of the Phrase “Human Rights in Armed Conflicts 1976 15 Revue de Droit Pénal Militaire et Droit de la Guerre393Google Scholar
Symonides, J.Human Rights: International Protection, Monitoring, EnforcementAldershot/ParisAshgate/UNESCO 2003Google Scholar
Taljaard, R.Implementing South Africa's Regulation of Foreign Military Assistance ActBryden, A.Caparini, M.Private Actors and Security GovernanceGenevaGeneva Centre for the Democratic Control of the Armed Forces 2006Google Scholar
Talmon, S.Recognition of Governments: An Analysis of the New British Policy and Practice 1992 63 British Yearbook of International Law231CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taulbee, J.Myths, Mercenaries and Contemporary International Law 1985 15 California Western International Law Journal339Google Scholar
Tavernise, S. 2007
Statement of Prime Minister Thatcher 1982
2004
2005
Thomas, A. V. W.Thomas, A. J., JrInternational Legal Aspects of the Civil War in Spain, 1936???39Falk, R.The International Law of Civil WarBaltimore, MDJohns Hopkins University Press 1971Google Scholar
Thompson, G.Landler, M. 2009
Thompson, M. 1996 34
Thomson, J. E.Mercenaries, Pirates, and Sovereigns: State-Building and Extraterritorial Violence in Early Modern EuropePrinceton, NJPrinceton University Press 1994Google Scholar
Traynor, I. 2003
Trooboff, P.Foreign State Immunity: Emerging Consensus of Principles 1986 200 Recueil des Cours235Google Scholar
Turns, D.Implementation and ComplianceWilmshurst, E.Breau, S.Perspectives on the ICRC's Study on Customary International Humanitarian LawCambridge,British Institute of International and Comparative Law 2007Google Scholar
UK Foreign Affairs Committee 2002
UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office 2002
UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office 2009
UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office 2009
UK Law Commission 1978
UK Ministry of DefenceThe Manual of the Law of Armed ConflictOxfordOxford University Press 2004Google Scholar
UK Statement of 1980 1980 51 British Yearbook of International Law367
University Centre for International Humanitarian Law 2005
US Air Force 1976
US Army 1956
US Army 2004
USCENTCOM 2009
US Commission on Wartime Contracting 2009
US Commission on Wartime Contracting 2010
US Commission on Wartime Contracting 2010
US Commission on Wartime Contracting 2010
US Congressional Budget Office 2008
US Department of Defense 2001
US Department of Defense 2003
US Department of Defense 2005
US Department of Defense 2006
US Department of Defense 2006
US Department of Defense 2009
US Department of Justice, Fact Sheet 2008
US Department of Justice, Fact Sheet 2010
US Deputy Secretary of Defense 2007
2003
US Government Accountability Office 2008
US Government Accountability Office 2008
US Government Accountability Office 2008
US Government Accountability Office 2010
US House of Representatives Report No. 94-1487 1976
US House of Representatives Committee on the Judiciary 2007
US House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Governmental Reform 2007
US Joint Chiefs of Staff 2001
2009
US Naval Academy 2009
US Office of Management and Budget 2003
US Office of Management and Budget 2010
US Office of the Secretary of Defense 1969
US Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition 2010
US Senate 2002
US Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 2009
US Senate Select Committee on Intelligence Hearing 2008
US Statement of 1977Harris, D.Cases and Materials on International LawLondon,Sweet & Maxwell 2004
Van Den Herik, L.Letnar Cernic, J.Regulating Corporations under International Law: From Human Rights to International Criminal Law and Back Again 2010 8 Journal of International Criminal Justice725CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Niekerk, P. 1995
Venter, A.Sierra Leone's Mercenary War Battle for the Diamond Fields 1995 28 International Defence Review65Google Scholar
Vest, H.Business Leaders and the Modes of Individual Criminal Responsibility under International Law 2010 8 Journal of International Criminal Justice851CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinuesa, R. E.Interface, Correspondence and Convergence of Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law 1998 1 Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vogt, H. 2010
Walker, C.Whyte, D.Contracting Out War?: Private Military Companies, Law and Regulation in the United Kingdom 2005 54 International and Comparative Law Quarterly651Google Scholar
Warbrick, C.The New British Policy on Recognition of Governments 1981 30 International and Comparative Law Quarterly568CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warrick, J. 2009
Watkin, K.Controlling the Use of Force: A Role for Human Rights Norms in Contemporary Armed Conflict 2004 98 American Journal of International Law1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waugh, P. 2002
Weber, M.The Theory of Social and Economic OrganizationNew York,Free Press 1964Google Scholar
Weber, M.Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive SociologyLondon,University of California Press 1978Google Scholar
1995
White House Office of the Press Secretary 2009
White, N.MacLeod, S.EU Operations and Private Military Contractors: Issues of Corporate and Institutional Responsibility 2008 19 European Journal of International Law965CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, T. 2010
Wills, S.Protecting Civilians: The Obligations of PeacekeepersOxfordOxford University Press 2009CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, H.International Law and the Use of Force by National Liberation MovementsOxford,Clarendon Press 1988Google Scholar
Wippman, D.Change and Continuity in Legal Justifications for Military Intervention in Internal Conflicts 1996 27 Columbia Human Rights Law Review435Google Scholar
Wright, Q.The Future of Neutrality 1928 12 International Conciliation353Google Scholar
Wright, Q. 1959 53 American Journal of International Law112CrossRef
Wright, Q. 1960 54 American Journal of International Law521CrossRef
Zarate, J. C.The Emergence of a New Dog of War: Private International Security Companies, International Law, and the New World Disorder 1998 34 Stanford Journal of International Law75Google Scholar
Zegveld, L.Remedies for Victims of Violations of International Humanitarian Law 2003 851 International Review of the Red Cross497CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zoepf, K. 2008
American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man 1992
Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials 1990
Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women 1992
European Union Code of Conduct for Arms Exports 1998
International Law Commission 1975
International Law Commission 1991
International Law Commission 1996
International Law Commission 2001
International Law Commission 2001
International Law Commission Study Group on Fragmentation of International Law 2005
Koskenniemi, M. 2004
2008
1982
Report of the Secretary-General 2007
Report of the Secretary-General 2007
1992
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2007
Resolution XXIII 1968
Ruggie, J. 2008
Ruggie, J. 2009
Ruggie, J. 2010
2001
Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners 1955
Statute of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 1979
Summary Legal Position of the Government of Israel 2003
2006
UN Committee Against Torture 2005
UNGA Res 1951
UNGA Res 1965
UNGA Res 1970
UNGA Res 1970
UNGA Res 1973
UNGA Res 1974
UNGA Res 1977
UNGA Res 1982
UNGA Res 1983
UNGA Res 1988
UNGA Res 1994
UNGA Res 2001
UNGA Res 2004
UNGA Res 2005
UNGA Res 2007
UN Human Rights Committee 1998
UN Human Rights Committee 2004
UN Human Rights Committee 1997
UN Human Rights Committee 1994
UN Human Rights Committee 1998
UN Human Rights Committee 2003
UN Human Rights Committee 2000
UN Human Rights Committee 2005
UN Human Rights Committee 1982
UN Human Rights Committee 1994
UN Human Rights Committee 1984
UN Human Rights Committee 1994
UN Human Rights Committee 2004
UN Human Rights Committee Executive Committee 2000
1982
UNSC Res 1976
UNSC Res 1979
UNSC Res 1985
UNSC Res 1990
UNSC Res 1997
UNSC Res 2001
UN Secretariat, Survey of International Law 1949
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948
1997 www.c-r.org/our-work/accord/png-bougainville/key-texts14.php
www.armorgroup.com
www.army.mod.uk/brigade_of_gurkhas/index.htm
www.bapsc.org.uk
www.caci.com/fcc/isis.shtml
www.dyn-intl.com
www.erinys.net
www.eo.com 1999
www.legion-etrangere.com
www.globalgroup.com
ipoaworld.org/eng/
www.icbl.org/lm/
www.milsearch.com.au
www.mpri.com
www.pscai.org
www.roncoconsulting.com
www.un.org/sc/ctc/laws.html
www.xecompany.com