In this concluding section, James Coady draws from the preceding chapters to construct general pedagogical guidelines for second language vocabulary learning. He begins by reviewing the reasons for neglect of vocabulary instruction in the past, and the main approaches being taken to remedy this problem. He then reviews a broad spectrum of empirical research on contextual acquisition, individual learning strategies, direct instruction, L2 vocabulary acquisition, collocations, reading, bottom-up processing, lexicon size, dictionary use, and general learning theory. Coady concludes by discussing the rationale for pedagogy that this research points to.