The chosen daughter of an acknowledged American tradition of modern poetry, Denise Levertov writes directly out of a male-dominated line. Nonetheless, she imagines the unexperienced fullness to come when the daughters write from their mothers. A generation after Levertov's entry into an American tradition, Kathleen Fraser and other experimental women writers actively began seeking out their literary mothers, a project giving rise to many questions concerning a tradition of poetic fathers.

This tradition, as experienced by contemporary writers, extends to and sustains the poetic world of the present. Associated in her early career with Frank O'Hara's New York School, Fraser quickly became sensitized to the exclusion of women (such as Barbara Guest) from serious treatments, anthologies, and groupings of that movement, whether by critics or by the poets themselves.