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Chapter 15 - The complex regional pain syndromes and post-traumatic neuralgias

from Section 5 - The Specific Condition: Other Causes of Neuropathic Pain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2013

Cory Toth
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Calgary
Dwight E. Moulin
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario
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Summary

Over the past 150 years, regional post-traumatic pain has had various appellations, most recently complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and post-traumatic neuralgia (PTN). CPRS appears to be a complex endophenotype of PTN that involves neurogenic inflammation as well as pain. There is increasing evidence that peripheral and central inflammatory cascades triggered by nerve injuries contribute to CRPS and perhaps PTN as well. PTN and CRPS often spread beyond classic individual nerve territories, although when patients are asked to outline the epicenter, or most abnormal area, this frequently identifies a specific nerve injury. The most dramatic CRPS and PTN-associated movement abnormality is fixed distal dystonia. Nerve conduction studies and electromyography are useful in documenting and localizing peripheral nerve damage. Currently, four classes of medications are primary options for chronic CRPS/PTN: tricyclics and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors; opioids; gabapentinoids; and topical or systemic local anesthetics.
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Neuropathic Pain
Causes, Management and Understanding
, pp. 177 - 190
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

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