Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Foreword (1)
- Foreword (2)
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Section 1 Organization of neonatal transport
- Section 2 Basics in cardiopulmonary resuscitation of newborn infants
- Basic equipment setup for initial neonatal care and resuscitation
- Drugs for neonatal emergencies
- Postnatal cardiopulmonary adaptation
- ABC Techniques and Procedures
- Sunctioning
- Stimulation, oxygen supplementation, bag-and-mask ventilation (M-PPV), pharyngeal/bi-nasal CPAP, and pharyngeal positive pressure ventilation
- Endotracheal intubation and gastric tube placement
- Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
- Chest compressions
- Peripheral venous access
- Umbilical vein/artery catheterization (UVC, UAC)
- Central venous access (internal jugular vein)
- Intraosseous access
- Cord clamping
- Management of high-risk infants in the delivery room
- Monitoring in the delivery room and during neonatal transport
- Hygiene in the delivery room and during neonatal transport (infection control)
- When to call a pediatrician to the delivery room
- Checklist for the postnatal treatment of newborn infants
- Assigning individual duties in the delivery room
- Clinical assessment of the newborn infant
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation of newborn infants at birth
- Volume therapy and sodium bicarbonate supplementation in preterm and term newborn infants
- Absolute and relative indications for neonatal transport and NICU admission
- Communication with mother and father
- Coordinating neonatal transport and patient sign-out to the NICU team
- Documentation and feedback after neonatal emergency transport
- Ethics in neonatal intensive care
- Perinatal images of preterm and term infants
- Mechanical ventilation of the neonate
- Questions for review (basics)
- References (Section 2)
- Section 3 Classic and rare scenarios in the neonatal period
- Section 4 Transport
- Section 5 Appendix
- Index
- Plate section
Cord clamping
from Section 2 - Basics in cardiopulmonary resuscitation of newborn infants
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 March 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Foreword (1)
- Foreword (2)
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Section 1 Organization of neonatal transport
- Section 2 Basics in cardiopulmonary resuscitation of newborn infants
- Basic equipment setup for initial neonatal care and resuscitation
- Drugs for neonatal emergencies
- Postnatal cardiopulmonary adaptation
- ABC Techniques and Procedures
- Sunctioning
- Stimulation, oxygen supplementation, bag-and-mask ventilation (M-PPV), pharyngeal/bi-nasal CPAP, and pharyngeal positive pressure ventilation
- Endotracheal intubation and gastric tube placement
- Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
- Chest compressions
- Peripheral venous access
- Umbilical vein/artery catheterization (UVC, UAC)
- Central venous access (internal jugular vein)
- Intraosseous access
- Cord clamping
- Management of high-risk infants in the delivery room
- Monitoring in the delivery room and during neonatal transport
- Hygiene in the delivery room and during neonatal transport (infection control)
- When to call a pediatrician to the delivery room
- Checklist for the postnatal treatment of newborn infants
- Assigning individual duties in the delivery room
- Clinical assessment of the newborn infant
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation of newborn infants at birth
- Volume therapy and sodium bicarbonate supplementation in preterm and term newborn infants
- Absolute and relative indications for neonatal transport and NICU admission
- Communication with mother and father
- Coordinating neonatal transport and patient sign-out to the NICU team
- Documentation and feedback after neonatal emergency transport
- Ethics in neonatal intensive care
- Perinatal images of preterm and term infants
- Mechanical ventilation of the neonate
- Questions for review (basics)
- References (Section 2)
- Section 3 Classic and rare scenarios in the neonatal period
- Section 4 Transport
- Section 5 Appendix
- Index
- Plate section
Summary
Cord clamping is part of the third stage of labor, i.e., the time between delivery of the infant and delivery of the placenta, and is usually achieved by applying two clamps. The cord is cut between the clamps thereby avoiding blood loss in either the infant or the mother through the placenta.
The optimal timing of cord clamping has been a controversial issue for decades; there are no formal practice guidelines. In developing countries, there is a trend toward delayed cord clamping (with a resulting increase in blood and iron received by the infant at birth) to counter the higher incidence of anemia during infancy in these countries. In the western hemisphere, the umbilical cord tends to be clamped soon after birth. There is huge variability between centers worldwide.
Before the clamps are applied, the infant can be placed on the mother's abdomen (above the level of the placenta), between the mother's thighs (at the level of the placenta) or held below the level of the placenta. Blood flow from the placenta to the infant will depend on which position is used, but there are no clear data suggesting an optimal position for infants in the first few minutes of life. Some birth attendants also “milk” the cord towards the infant before clamping, as it contains up to 20 ml of placental blood, although there is no consensus on whether this useful.
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- Chapter
- Information
- Neonatal Emergencies , pp. 121 - 123Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009