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Chapter 5 - Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2015

Nick Panay
Affiliation:
Queen Charlotte’s Hospital, London
Paula Briggs
Affiliation:
Sefton Community Sexual Health Service, Liverpool
Gab Kovacs
Affiliation:
Monash University, Victoria
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Managing the Menopause
21st Century Solutions
, pp. 36 - 44
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

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References

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Salpeter, SR, Walsh, JM, Greyber, E, Salpeter, EE. Brief report: coronary heart disease events associated with hormone therapy in younger and older women. A meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2006; 21: 363–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Hulley, S, Grady, D, Bush, T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group. JAMA 1998; 280: 605–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Genazzani, AR, Simoncini, T. Pharmacotherapy: benefits of menopausal hormone therapy – timing is key. Nature Rev Endocrinol 2013; 9: 56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
The Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 321–33.Google Scholar
The Women's Health Initiative Steering Committee. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 2004; 291: 1701–12.Google Scholar
Mikkola, TS, Clarkson, TB. Coronary heart disease and postmenopausal hormone therapy: conundrum explained by timing? J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2006; 15: 51–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Olie, V, Canonico, M, Scarabin, PY. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and venous thromboembolism. Thrombosis Research 2011; 127 Suppl 3: S269.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harman, SM, Black, DM, Naftolin, F, et al. Arterial imaging outcomes and cardiovascular risk factors in recently menopausal women: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2014; 161: 249–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schierbeck, LL, Rejnmark, L, Tofteng, CL, et al. Effect of hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular events in recently postmenopausal women: randomised trial. Br Med J 2012; 345: e6409.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hodis, HN, Mack, WJ. Hormone replacement therapy and the association with coronary heart disease and overall mortality: clinical application of the timing hypothesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 142: 6875.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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