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Chapter 40 - Gestational Surrogacy in the District of Columbia and Maryland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 October 2016

By
Diane S. Hinson ,
Jennifer Ahern  and
Michelle Misler
Edited by
E. Scott Sills
E. Scott Sills
Affiliation:
Center for Advanced Genetics, California
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Chapter
Information
Handbook of Gestational Surrogacy
International Clinical Practice and Policy Issues
 , pp. 304 - 313
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

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References

DC Code § 16-402 (2014). Available online at: www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/dccode/.
In re Roberto d.B., 923 A.2d 115, 118–142 (Md. 2007).
Creative Family Connections LLC. Gestational Surrogacy Law across the United States: State-By-State Interactive Map for Commercial Surrogacy, 2014. Available online at: http://surrogacymap.com; accessed May 29, 2015.
Hinson, D. S.. Parentage rights for same-sex couples: state-by-state gestational surrogacy laws, Family Advocate (Spring 2016): 42–43, 45.
Hinson, D. S.. State-by-state surrogacy law across America. Family Advocate (Winter 2015): 6.
Hinson, D. S., McBrien, M.. Surrogacy across America: both the law and the practice. Family Advocate (Fall 2011): 32–6.
Note that because legislation is pending in both DC and Maryland, by the time of publication, this chapter could already be out of date.
In re Baby M, 109 N.J. 396, 411 (1988).
Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology. SART releases new annual report on in vitro fertilization procedures, 2014. Available online at: http://sart.org/SART_Technology_Releases_New_Annual_Report_on_In_Vitro_Fertilization_Procedures; accessed May 29, 2015.
ESHRE. The world’s number of IVF and ICSI babies has now reached a calculated total of 5 million, 2012. Available online at: www.eshre.eu/Press-Room/Press-releases/Press-releases-ESHRE-2012/5-million-babies.aspx; accessed May 29, 2015.
Creative Family Connections LLC. Gestational surrogacy in the District of Columbia, 2014. Available online at: http://creativefamilyconnections.com/surrogacy-law-by-state/DC; accessed May 29, 2015.
Hinson, D. S., ReVeal, L.. Surrogacy in the metropolitan Washington, DC, area, International Council on Infertility Information Dissemination, Spring 2013. Available online at: www.inciid.org/surrogacy-in-DC-and-Maryland; accessed May 29, 2015.
29 DCMR § 550.1 (2013) (prohibiting a district-certified emergency vehicle from crossing into Maryland).
Domestic Partnership Judicial Determination Parentage Act of 2009, amended in March 2013 and codified in DC Code, § 16-909, allows same-sex female couples who are married, registered domestic partners, or who sign a consent to parent and whose babies are born in DC (regardless of whether they are DC residents) to have their partner automatically recognized as the second parent and entered on a birth certificate when using artificial insemination as long as the second parent consented to the insemination with the intent to be a parent.
2013 DC Bill 20-0032 (20th Council Period) (January 8, 2013).
Chibbaro, L., Jr. Catania introduces surrogacy bill. Washington Blade, January 16, 2013. Available online at: www.washingtonblade.com/2013/01/16/catania-introduces-surrogacy-bill.
The committee hearing can be viewed in its entirety at http://dccarchive.oct.dc.gov/services/on_demand_video/channel13/June2013/06_20_13_JUDICI.asx. Even those in favor of legalizing surrogacy were not in agreement as to how to do so.
Chibbaro, L., Jr. DC marriage officiant, surrogacy bills advance. Washington Blade, Summer 2013. Available online at: www.washingtonblade.com/2013/06/24/dc-gay-marriage-officiant-surrogacy-bills-advance-gay-news.
Riley, J.. Tackling surrogacy laws a tricky business. Metro Weekly, February 12, 2015. Available online at: www.metroweekly.com/2015/02/tackling-surrogacy-laws-a-tricky-business.
Council of the District of Columbia, B 21-0016: Collaborative Reproduction Amendment Act of 2015 (21st Council Period), 2015. Available online at: http://lims.dccouncil.us/Legislation/B21-0016?FromSearchResults=true.
Council of the District of Columbia, B 21-0016. Available online at: http://lims.dccouncil.us/_layouts/15/uploader/AdminProxy.aspx?LegislationId=B21-0016.
Brandel, A.. Legislating surrogacy: a partial answer to feminist criticism. Md. L. Rev. 1995; 54:488, 511–12.
Nicolette, C. L., Reamer, L. C.. Comment: Regulatory options for surrogate arrangements in Maryland. U. Balt. L. Rev. 1988; 18:110, 136–7.
Md. Sen. 795 Reg. Sess. (1988).
H.B. 1479, 1988 Md. Leg. Sess.
Letter from W. Donald Schaefer, Governor of Md., to Thomas V. “Mike” Miller, Jr., President of the Maryland State Senate (May 26, 1992) (outlining his rationale for vetoing Senate Bill 251).
Rosen, Barry F., Lawson, Lynn S.. Surrogacy contracts in transition. Md. Bar J. July–Aug. 1993; at 32, 35 (citing S.B. 369, 1993 Md. Laws).
85 Op. Att’y Gen. 348, 367–8 (Md. 2000).
“Opinions of the Attorney General, while not binding, are entitled to great weight. [citations omitted]. In the absence of controlling authority, these opinions are persuasive ‘since the legislature is presumed to be cognizant of that construction of the statute’ [citation omitted].” (Napa Valley Educators’ Association v. Napa Valley Unified School District. (1987) 194 Cal. App.3rd 243, 251).
Md. Sen. 71, 2011 Reg. Sess. (January 19, 2011).
Md. Sen. B 792 (2013).
H.B. 1099 (2013).
Dresser, M.. Proposed law would govern surrogacy births. Baltimore Sun, March 28, 2013. Available online at: http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2013-03-28/news/bs-md-collaborative-reproduction-20130325_1_surrogacy-law-vitro-fertilization-maryland-law.
Archived: 2013 Testimony before Senate Judicial Proceedings Committee (February 28, 2013). Available online at: http://mgahouse.maryland.gov/house/play/5d62d957-be25-47d1-bec4-b950307ce02d/?catalog/03e481c7-8a42-4438-a7da-93ff74bdaa4c).
Boyle, M.. D.C. Catholic Conference opposes bill to legalize surrogacy in District. Catholic Standard, July 31, 2013. Available online at: www.cathstan.org/Content/News/News/Article/D-C-Catholic-Conference-opposes-bill-to-legalize-surrogacy-in-District/2/2/5762.
Southern Maryland Online. Annapolis Roundup, February 14, 2015. Available online at: http://somd.com/news/headlines/2015/19080.shtml.
H.B. 1477 (2016); H.B. 968 (2016), subsequent history available online at http://mgaleg.maryland.gov/2016RS/votes_comm/hb1477_jud.pdf.
Creative Family Connections LLC. Gestational surrogacy in Maryland, 2014. Available online at: http://creativefamilyconnections.com/surrogacy-law-by-state/Maryland; accessed May 29, 2015.
Skinner v. Oklahoma, 316 U.S. 535, 540 (1942) (right to have children is a “basic liberty”).

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