Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-594f858ff7-wfvfs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2023-06-08T00:00:05.573Z Has data issue: false Feature Flags: { "corePageComponentGetUserInfoFromSharedSession": true, "coreDisableEcommerce": false, "corePageComponentUseShareaholicInsteadOfAddThis": true, "coreDisableSocialShare": false, "useRatesEcommerce": true } hasContentIssue false

Chapter 15 - Neurologic Emergencies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2018

By
Stephanie Morris ,
Soe Mar  and
Shannon Liang
Edited by
Jeffrey C. Gershel  and
Ellen F. Crain
Jeffrey C. Gershel
Affiliation:
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York
Ellen F. Crain
Affiliation:
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York
Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Clinical Manual of Emergency Pediatrics , pp. 493 - 539
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliography

Caffarelli, M, Kimia, AA, Torres AR: acute ataxia in children – a review of the differential diagnosis and evaluation in the emergency department. Pediatr Neurol. 2016;65:14–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Poretti, A, Benson, JE, Huisman, TA, et al. Acute ataxia in children: approach to clinical presentation and role of additional investigations. Neuropediatrics. 2013;44:127–141.Google ScholarPubMed
Sivaswamy, L. Approach to acute ataxia in childhood: diagnosis and evaluation. Pediatr Ann. 2014;43(4):153–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whelan, HT, Verma, S, Guo, Y, et al. Evaluation of the child with acute ataxia: a systematic review. Pediatr Neurol. 2013;49:15–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bibliography

Bhate, S, Ganesan, V. A practical approach to acute hemiparesis in children. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2015;57:689–697.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fullerton, HJ, Hills, NK, Elkind, MSV, et al. Infection, vaccination, and childhood arterial ischemic stroke: results of the VIPS study. Neurology. 2015;85:1459–1466.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mirsky, DM, Beslow, LA, Amlie-Lefond, C, et al. International Paediatric Stroke Study Neuroimaging Consortium and the Paediatric Stroke Neuroimaging Consortium: pathways for neuroimaging of childhood stroke. Pediatr Neurol. 2017;69:11–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rivkin, MJ, Bernard, TJ, Dowling, MM, et al. Guidelines for urgent management of stroke in children. Pediatr Neurol. 2016;56:8–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Messacar, K, Schreiner, TL, Van Haren, K, et al. Acute flaccid myelitis: a clinical review of US cases 2012–2015. Ann Neurol. 2016;80:326–338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pecina, CA. Tick paralysis. Semin Neurol. 2012;32:531–532.Google ScholarPubMed
Sieb, JP. Myasthenia gravis: an update for the clinician. Clin Exper Immunol. 2014;175:425–438.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Willison, HJ, Jacobs, BC, van Doorn, PA. Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet. 2016;388:717–727.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolf, VL, Lupo, PJ, Lotze, TE. Pediatric acute transverse myelitis overview and differential diagnosis. J Child Neurol. 2012;27:1426–1436.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Graus, F, Titulaer, MJ, Balu, R, et al. A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(4):391–404.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hacohen, Y, Wright, S, Waters, P, et al. Paediatric autoimmune encephalopathies: clinical features, laboratory investigations and outcomes in patients with or without antibodies to known central nervous system autoantigens. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013;84(7):748–755.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suleiman, J, Brilot, F, Lang, B, Vincent, A, Dale, RC. Autoimmune epilepsy in children: case series and proposed guidelines for identification. Epilepsia. 2013;54(6):1036–1045.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Mater, H. Pediatric inflammatory brain diseases: a diagnostic approach. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2014;26(5):553–561.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Goldman, RD. Breath-holding spells in infants. Can Fam Physician. 2015;61(2):149–150.Google ScholarPubMed
Rathore, G, Larsen, P, Fernandez, C, et al. Diverse presentation of breath holding spells: two case reports with literature review. Case Rep Neurol Med. 2013;2013:1–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Robinson, JA, Bos, JM, Etheridge, SP, Ackerman, MJ. Breath holding spells in children with long QT syndrome. Congenit Heart Dis. 2015;10(4):354–361.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tieder, JS, Bonkowsky, JL, Etzel, RA, et al. Brief resolved unexplained events (formerly apparent life-threatening events) and evaluation of lower-risk infants. Pediatrics. 2016;137:e1–32.Google ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Kirkham, FJ. Indications for the performance of neuroimaging in children. Handb Clin Neurol. 2016;136:1275–1290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kochar, GS, Gulati, S, Lodha, R, et al. Full outline of UnResponsiveness score versus Glasgow Coma Scale in children with nontraumatic impairment of consciousness. J Child Neurol. 2014;29:1299–1304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacNeill, EC, Vashist, S. Approach to syncope and altered mental status. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013;60(5):1083–1106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seshia, SS, Bingham, WT, Sadanand, V. Nontraumatic coma in children and adolescents: diagnosis and management. Neurol Clin. 2011;29:1007–1043.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stevens, RD, Cadena, RS, Pineda, J. Emergency neurological life support: approach to the patient with coma. Neurocrit Care. 2015;23:S69–S75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Lorch, M, Teach, SJ. Facial nerve palsy: etiology and approach to diagnosis and treatment. Pediatr Emer Care. 2010;26:763–772.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malik, V, Joshi, V, Green, KM, Bruce, IA. 15 minute consultation: a structured approach to the management of facial paralysis in a child. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2012;97(3):82–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Özkale, Y, Erol, I, Saygi, S, et al. Overview of pediatric peripheral facial nerve paralysis: analysis of 40 patients. J Child Neurol. 2015;30:193–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vakharia, K, Vakharia, K. Bell’s palsy. Facial Plast Surg Clin N Am. 2016;24:1–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Youshani, AS, Mehta, B, Davies, K, et al. Management of Bell’s palsy in children: an audit of current practice, review of the literature and a proposed management algorithm. Emerg Med J. 2015;32:274–280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bibliography

Blume, HK. Pediatric headache: a review. Pediatr Rev. 2012;33(12):562–576.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caviness, V, Ebinger, F. Headache in pediatric practice. Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;112:827–838.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gofshteyn, JS, Stephenson, DJ. Diagnosis and management of childhood headache. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2016;46:36–51CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hershey, AD. Pediatric headache. Continuum. 2015:21:1132–1145.Google ScholarPubMed
Rothner, AD, Parikh, S. Migraine variants or episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine and other unusual pediatric headache syndromes. Headache. 2016;56(1):206–214.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Atabaki, SM. Updates in the general approach to pediatric head trauma and concussion. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013;60(5):1107–1122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bharadwaj, S, Rocker, J. Minor head injury: limiting patient exposure to ionizing radiation, risk stratification, and concussion management. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2016;28(1):121–131.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holmes, JF, Borgialli, DA, Nadel, FM, et al. Do children with blunt head trauma and normal cranial computed tomography scan results require hospitalization for neurologic observation? Ann Emerg Med. 2011;58(4):315–322.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huisman, TA, Poretti, A. Trauma. Handb Clin Neurol. 2016:136;1199–1220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Piteau, SJ, Ward, MG, Barrowman, NJ, Plint, AC. Clinical and radiographic characteristics associated with abusive and nonabusive head trauma: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2012;130(2):315–323.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wing, R, James, C. Pediatric head injury and concussion. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2013;31(3):653–675.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Kukreti, V, Mohseni-Bod, H, Drake, J. Management of raised intracranial pressure in children with traumatic brain injury. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2014; 9(3):207–215Google ScholarPubMed
Perez-Barcena, J, Llompart-Pou, JA, O’Phelan, KH. Intracranial pressure monitoring and management of intracranial hypertension. Crit Care Clin. 2014;30(4):735–750.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rogers, DL. A review of pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2014;61(3):579–590.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Victorio, MC, Rothner, AD. Diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in children and adolescents. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2013;13(3):336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bibliography

Abend, N, Loddenkemper, T. Management of pediatric status epilepticus. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2014;16:301.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freilich, ER, Schreiber, JM, Zelleke, T, Gaillard, WD. Pediatric status epilepticus: identification and evaluation. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2014;26(6):655–661.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glauser, T, Shinnar, S, Gloss, D, et al. Evidence-based guideline: treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in children and adults – report of the Guideline Committee of the American Epilepsy Society. Epilepsy Curr. 2016;16:48–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimia, AA, Bachur, RG, Torres, A, Harper, MB. Febrile seizures: emergency medicine perspective. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2015;27(3):292–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Subcommittee on Febrile Seizures, American Academy of Pediatrics. Neurodiagnostic evaluation of the child with a simple febrile seizure. Pediatrics. 2011;127:389–394.CrossRef

Bibliography

Bhargava, S. Diagnosis and management of common sleep problems in children. Pediatr Rev. 2011;32(3):91–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoban, TF. Sleep disorders in children. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1184:1–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Honaker, SM, Meltzer, LJ. Bedtime problems and night wakings in young children: an update of the evidence. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2014;15(4):333–339.Google Scholar
Moreno, MA. Sleep terrors and sleepwalking: common parasomnias of childhood. JAMA Pediatr. 2015;169(7):704.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petit, D, Pennestri, MH, Paquet, J, et al. Childhood sleepwalking and sleep terrors: a longitudinal study of prevalence and familial aggregation. JAMA Pediatr. 2015;169(7):653–658.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bibliography

Kulkarni, AV, Riva-Cambrin, J, Butler, J, et al. Outcomes of CSF shunting in children within a North American multicenter collaborative: results from the Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network (HCRN) compared to historical controls. JNS: Pediatrics. 2013;12(4):334–338.Google Scholar
Riva-Cambrin, J, Kestle, JRW, Holubkov, R, et al. Risk factors for shunt malfunction in pediatric hydrocephalus: a multi-center prospective cohort study. JNS: Pediatrics. 2015;4:1–9.Google Scholar
Simon, TD, Butler, J, Whitlock, KB, et al. Risk factors for first cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection: findings from a multi-center prospective cohort study. J Pediatr. 2014;164 (6):1462–1468.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stone, JJ, Walker, CT, Jacobson, M, Phillips, V, Silberstein, HJ. Revision rate of pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunts after 15 years. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2013;11(1):15–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tamber, MS, Klimo, P Jr, Mazzola, CA, Flannery, AM, Pediatric Hydrocephalus Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines Task Force. Pediatric hydrocephalus: systematic literature review and evidence-based guidelines. Part 8: Management of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2014;14(Suppl. 1):60–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×