Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Illustrations
- List of Abbreviations
- Chronology
- Preface
- Introduction
- Appendix to Introduction Deconstructing: Close Reading, Rhetorical Criticism, and Historiography of Persecution and Heresy
- 1 The Lord's Vineyard in the Twelfth Century
- 2 Monastic Spirituality and Literature: the Domestic Vineyard
- 3 Bernard of Clairvaux, the 1143/44 Sermons and the 1145 Preaching Mission: From the Domestic to the Lord's Vineyard
- 4 Henry of Clairvaux, the 1178 and 1181 Missions, and the Campaign against the Waldensians: Driving the Foxes from the Vineyard
- 5 Innocent III's Papacy and the Crusade Years, 1198–1229: Weeding the Vineyard
- 6 Hélinand of Froidmont and the Events of 1229: Planting Virtues in the Vineyard
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Index
- Title in the series
1 - The Lord's Vineyard in the Twelfth Century
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 September 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Illustrations
- List of Abbreviations
- Chronology
- Preface
- Introduction
- Appendix to Introduction Deconstructing: Close Reading, Rhetorical Criticism, and Historiography of Persecution and Heresy
- 1 The Lord's Vineyard in the Twelfth Century
- 2 Monastic Spirituality and Literature: the Domestic Vineyard
- 3 Bernard of Clairvaux, the 1143/44 Sermons and the 1145 Preaching Mission: From the Domestic to the Lord's Vineyard
- 4 Henry of Clairvaux, the 1178 and 1181 Missions, and the Campaign against the Waldensians: Driving the Foxes from the Vineyard
- 5 Innocent III's Papacy and the Crusade Years, 1198–1229: Weeding the Vineyard
- 6 Hélinand of Froidmont and the Events of 1229: Planting Virtues in the Vineyard
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Index
- Title in the series
Summary
Cistercian preaching against heresy needs to be viewed within the general setting of twelfth-century France and the specific milieu of monastic culture. This chapter surveys several trends of the twelfth century that underlie the white monks' role as anti-heretical preachers in the Lord's vineyard. Chapter Two examines Cistercian writing and preaching against heresy as an out-growth of monastic life and literature, a product of the domestic vineyard.
A period of transition between the patristic and the scholastic, the monks and the friars, the twelfth century witnessed economic, social, and religious ferment. Lay literacy and spirituality crystallized at the same time that new religious houses covered the landscape. The crucial elements in the backdrop of Cistercian preaching against heresy in Occitania belong to five important currents. The Gregorian reform movement renewed and reformed religious and secular institutions, elevating monastic observance as the model for all Christians. Schools multiplied and Latin literary culture flourished, secular and monastic, alongside the first vernacular literature. Europe's economy underwent transformation, and economic and social change provoked complex reactions from laity and clergy. Clerical and lay ‘textual communities’ expanded, grounding their spirituality on the vita apostolica and a common interpretation of Scripture. However, growth and centralization brought forth negative offshoots as well, notably the development of a persecuting mentality. The nature of these trends and their significance for the Cistercians, heresy and Occitania are examined in more detail in the remainder of this chapter.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Cistercians, Heresy and Crusade in Occitania, 1145–1229Preaching in the Lord's Vineyard, pp. 25 - 55Publisher: Boydell & BrewerPrint publication year: 2001