Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Illustrations
- List of Abbreviations
- Chronology
- Preface
- Introduction
- Appendix to Introduction Deconstructing: Close Reading, Rhetorical Criticism, and Historiography of Persecution and Heresy
- 1 The Lord's Vineyard in the Twelfth Century
- 2 Monastic Spirituality and Literature: the Domestic Vineyard
- 3 Bernard of Clairvaux, the 1143/44 Sermons and the 1145 Preaching Mission: From the Domestic to the Lord's Vineyard
- 4 Henry of Clairvaux, the 1178 and 1181 Missions, and the Campaign against the Waldensians: Driving the Foxes from the Vineyard
- 5 Innocent III's Papacy and the Crusade Years, 1198–1229: Weeding the Vineyard
- 6 Hélinand of Froidmont and the Events of 1229: Planting Virtues in the Vineyard
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Index
- Title in the series
4 - Henry of Clairvaux, the 1178 and 1181 Missions, and the Campaign against the Waldensians: Driving the Foxes from the Vineyard
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 September 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Illustrations
- List of Abbreviations
- Chronology
- Preface
- Introduction
- Appendix to Introduction Deconstructing: Close Reading, Rhetorical Criticism, and Historiography of Persecution and Heresy
- 1 The Lord's Vineyard in the Twelfth Century
- 2 Monastic Spirituality and Literature: the Domestic Vineyard
- 3 Bernard of Clairvaux, the 1143/44 Sermons and the 1145 Preaching Mission: From the Domestic to the Lord's Vineyard
- 4 Henry of Clairvaux, the 1178 and 1181 Missions, and the Campaign against the Waldensians: Driving the Foxes from the Vineyard
- 5 Innocent III's Papacy and the Crusade Years, 1198–1229: Weeding the Vineyard
- 6 Hélinand of Froidmont and the Events of 1229: Planting Virtues in the Vineyard
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Index
- Title in the series
Summary
Henry – abbot of Hautecombe (1160–76) and then of Clairvaux (1176–79), named cardinal bishop of Albano in 1179 and papal legate in 1181 – did not have the same reservations about leading troops as did his predecessor Bernard of Clairvaux. Under Henry's leadership, the Cistercian posture in Occitania shifted radically and set an unfortunate pattern. Bernard's sixth successor as abbot of Clairvaux was deliberately trying to avoid the failure that his predecessor encountered. Furthermore, Henry extended Bernard's justification of using force in Jerusalem to the campaign against heretics in Occitania. As Yves Congar concluded: ‘La croisade s'est transposée en guerre sainte contre les hérétiques.’ He placed the blame squarely on Henry of Clairvaux and the evolution of his thinking during the two years preceding the Third Lateran Council. Accepting that conclusion, we shall extend it by examining more sources, looking for evidence of Henry's preaching, and analysing his language with a view to the rhetorical patterns of demonizing heretics and evoking pollution, threat to the social order, and apocalypticism.
A short overview of events in the 1150s and 1160s in France, the Rhineland and England will chart the heightening sense of alarm over heresy during the years that preceded and coincided with the beginnings of Henry of Clairvaux/Albano's involvement as a leader in the affairs of the Cistercian Order and the Church.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Cistercians, Heresy and Crusade in Occitania, 1145–1229Preaching in the Lord's Vineyard, pp. 109 - 134Publisher: Boydell & BrewerPrint publication year: 2001