The Athenian revolution

doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521233477.005

4 - The Athenian revolution

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2008

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Summary

ATHENS AFTER THE PERSIAN WARS

We have little enough evidence for the external history of the Greek cities between the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War; we have less for the internal history even of Athens. Thucydides provides information only on Themistocles: his clash with Sparta over the rebuilding of Athens' walls (1.90–2), and the story of his ostracism and his flight to the Persians (1.135–8). The Athenaion Politeia tells us of a period of good government in which the Areopagus was predominant (23.1–2); and of the leadership of Themistocles and Aristides, the foundation of the Delian League and the resulting provision of trophe (maintenance) for the Athenians (23.2–24); then follow Ephialtes' attack on the Areopagus and (probably an addition to the original text) an anecdote associating Themistocles with him in that attack (25). The aristocrats had no leader except Cimon, and the constitution became ‘slacker’ (26.1); in the 450s the archonship was opened to the zeugitai (the third of the four property classes), the dikastai kata demous (deme judges) were revived, and the law of Pericles was enacted, which limited citizenship to those whose parents were both Athenians (26.2-4); Pericles attacked the Areopagus and fostered Athens' naval power; to rival Cimon's generosity with his own wealth he used the state's wealth to introduce payment for jury service (27). There are short lives by Nepos of Themistocles, Aristides and Cimon, and longer lives by Plutarch of these three and of Pericles.

Keywords

Athenian revolution Cimon archonship Athenian citizens Themistocles constitutional government Persian wars Cleisthenes

Type: Chapter
Information: The Cambridge Ancient History , pp. 62 - 95

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521233477.005 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 1992

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