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Characterization of the expandable clays formed from kaolinite at 200ºC

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

M. Bentabol ,
M. D. Ruiz Cruz ,
F. J. Huertas  and
J. Linares
M. Bentabol*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga
M. D. Ruiz Cruz
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga
F. J. Huertas
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Prof., Albareda1, 18008, GranadaSpain
J. Linares
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Prof., Albareda1, 18008, GranadaSpain
*
*E-mail: mdruiz@uma.es
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Abstract

The hydrothermal reaction of kaolinite in the system Na2O-K2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2- H2O-HCl, at near-neutral pH conditions, has been investigated at 200ºC, for times from 12 h to 180 days. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study of the solid products indicates that the phases formed from 15 days’ reaction time are randomly ordered mixed-layer chlorite-smectite, dioctahedral on average, with a chlorite:smectite ratio of ∼1:2. No structural evolution was observed with increasing reaction time. Investigation by transmission electron microscopy revealed, on the contrary, that very thin packets with basal spacing of either 10 Å (smectite) or 14 Å (chlorite) are dominant. In addition, packets with periodicities of 12 –13 Å are also observed. Only rarely, randomly to ordered sequences of 10 and 14 Å are observed in the packets. These observations indicate that the mixture of these phases behaves in XRD as randomly ordered mixed-layer chlorite-smectite. Chemical analysis of the solutions suggests that the neo-formed phases are metastable and would evolve, at longer reaction times, toward ordered mixed-layer chlorite-smectite or to clinochlore.

Keywords

hydrothermal synthesischlorite, kaoliniteillitemixed-layermineralssmectitevermiculite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 4 , December 2003 , pp. 445 - 458
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2003

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