Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T06:55:09.086Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A radiographic study of skeletal growth and development in the pig. Temporal pattern of growth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

G. Wenham ,
V. R. Fowler  and
I. McDonald
G. Wenham
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB2 9SB
V. R. Fowler
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB2 9SB
I. McDonald
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB2 9SB
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The skeletons of 34 pigs killed at a number of weights from birth to 120 kg were examined radiographically. Data were also used from radiographs of 83 foetuses of different ages.

Estimates were made of the age of appearance of various ossification centres and measurements taken of the diaphyseal length and breadth. A chart is given showing the age of appearance of ossification centres. Exponential equations in which the independent variate was time were fitted to both pre- and post-natal linear measurements. These equations were used to calculate the age at which each of the measurements attained a given proportion of the post-natal asymptote. The development of the pig's skeleton is discussed in relation to that of other species. Attention is drawn to the possibility that the uncritical use of accepted terminology such as early and late maturing may tend to obscure an understanding of the manner in which certain components of the skeleton develop.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 80 , Issue 1 , February 1973 , pp. 125 - 133
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Boyd, J. S. (1968). Radiographic appearance of the centres of ossification of the limb bones in the feline foetus. Br. vet. J. 124, 365–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benzie, D. (1950). Growth of skeleton of the foetal sheep. Br. vet. J. 106, 231–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burt, J. K., Myers, V. S., Hillman, D. J. & Getty, R. (1968). The radiographic locations of epiphyseal lines in bovine limbs. J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 152, 168–74.Google Scholar
Chapman, W. L. (1965). Appearance of ossification centres and epiphyseal closures as determined by radiographic techniques. J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 147, 138–41.Google ScholarPubMed
Denning, J. (1957). Application of the Gompertz curve to the observed pattern of growth in length of 48 individual boys and girls during the adolescent cycle of growth. Hum. Biol. 29, 83–122.Google Scholar
Elsley, F. W. H., McDonald, I. & Fowler, V. R. (1964). The effect of plane nutrition on the carcasses of pigs and lambs when variations in fat content are excluded. Anim. Prod. 6, 141.Google Scholar
Fowler, V. R. (1967). Body development and some problems of its evaluation. In Growth and Development of Mammals, pp. 195–211. Ed. Lodge, G. A. and Lamming, G. E.. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Fowler, V. R. & Livingstone, R. M. (1972). Modern Concepts of Growth. Pig Production (ed. Cole, D. J. A.). London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Hammond, J. (1932). Growth and the Development of Mutton Qualities in the Sheep. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.Google Scholar
Hare, W. C. D. (1961). The ages at which the centres of ossification appear roentgenographically in the limb bones of the dog. Am. J. vet. Res. 22, 825–35.Google ScholarPubMed
Kanan, C. V. (1961). Some observations on the ossification of the bones of the appendicular skeleton of Camelus dromedarius. Acta morph. neerl.-scand. 4, 254–60.Google ScholarPubMed
Lindsey, F. E. F. (1969). Observations of the loci of ossification in the prenatal and neonatal bovine skeleton. I. The appendicular skeleton. Br. vet. J. 125, 101–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMeekan, C. P. (1940). Growth and development in the pig with special reference to carcass quality characters. J. agric. Sri., Camb. 30, 276, 387, 511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMeekan, C. P. (1941). Growth and development in the pig with special reference to carcass quality characters. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 31, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niiyama, M., Kagota, K. & Kasuya, Y. (1970). Radiographic study on the appearance of ossification centres of extremities in young pigs. Jap. J. zootech. Sci. 41 (4), 182–89.Google Scholar
Pállson, H. & Vergés, J. B. (1952). Effects of the plane of nutrition on growth and the development of carcass quality in lambs. Part 1. J. agric Sci., Camb. 42, 1–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pállson, H. (1955). Conformation and body composition. In Progress in the Physiology of Farm Animals (ed. Hammong, J.), vol. 2, pp. 430–542. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Pomeroy, R. W. (1960). Infertility and neonatal mortality in the sow. III. Neonatal mortality and foetal development. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 54, 31–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sisson, S. & Grossman, J. D. (1953). The Anatomy of the Domestic Animals. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders.Google Scholar
Smith, R. N. (1968). Appearance of ossification centres in the kitten. I and II. J. small Anim. Pract. 9, 497–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spark, C. & Dawson, A. D. (1928). The order and time of appearance of centres of ossification in the fore and hind limbs of the albino rat, with special reference to the possible influence of the sex factor. Am. J. Anat. 41, 411–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace, L. R. (1948). Growth of lambs before and after birth in relation to the level of nutrition. II. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 38, 243–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenham, G., McDonald, I. & Elsley, F. W. H. (1969). A radiographic study of the development of the skeleton of the foetal pig. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 72, 123–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar