Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T00:10:01.725Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ritual Demonstrations versus Reactive Protests: Participation Across Mobilizing Contexts in Mexico City

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

María Inclán  and
Paul D. Almeida
María Inclán
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas. maria.inclan@cide.edu
Paul D. Almeida
Affiliation:
University of California, Merced. palmeida@ucmerced.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Using an innovative survey of protest participants and nonparticipants from five major street demonstrations in Mexico City in 2011 and 2012, this study tests the assumption that influences on protest participation vary across different types of events; namely, ritual demonstrations and reactive protests. The comparison is based on two assumptions: that these are two of the dominant forms of protest in contemporary Latin America, and that specifying the context for different types of social movement participation provides a better understanding of the individual mobilization process for groups seeking to defend their rights or gain new benefits. The comparative analyses reveal some crucial differences. Political interest and previous political experience are more influential in the decision to take part in reactive demonstrations. For ritual demonstrations, the decision to participate tends to be driven more by personal and organizational connections.

Type
Research
Information
Latin American Politics and Society , Volume 59 , Issue 4 , Winter 2017 , pp. 47 - 74
Copyright
Copyright © University of Miami 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Armstrong, Elizabeth A., and Bernstein, Mary. 2008. Culture, Power, and Institutions: A Multi-Institutional Politics Approach to Social Movements. Sociological Theory 26, 1: 74–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bennett, W. Lance, and Segerberg, Alexandra. 2013. The Logic of Connective Action: Digital Media and the Personalization of Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carty, Victoria. 2010. Wired and Mobilizing: Social Movements, New Technology, and Electoral Politics. New York: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clemens, Elisabeth. 1996. Organizational Form as Frame: Collective Identity and Political Strategy in the American Labor Movement. In Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements: Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures, and Cultural Framings, ed. McAdam, Doug and McCarthy, John D.. New York: Cambridge University Press. 205–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, Jean. 1995. Strategy or Identity: New Theoretical Paradigms and Contemporary Social Movements. Social Research 52, 4: 663–716.Google Scholar
Collins, Randall. 2001. Social Movements and the Focus of Emotional Attention. In Passionate Politics, ed. Goodwin, Jeff, Jasper, James M., and Polletta, Francesca. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 27–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, Randall. 2004. Interaction Ritual Chains. Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, Maria Lorena. 1996. Organizing Dissent: Unions, the State, and the Democratic Teachers' Movement in Mexico. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
De la Dehesa, Rafael. 2010. Queering the Public Sphere in Mexico and Brazil: Sexual Rights Movements in Emerging Democracies. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Dixon, Mark, and Vincent Roscigno, J. 2003. Status, Networks, and Social Movement Participation: The Case of Striking Workers. American Journal of Sociology 108: 1292–1327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dodson, Kyle. 2011. The Movement Society in Comparative Perspective. Mobilization 16, 4: 475–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Earl, Jennifer, and Kimport, Katrina. 2011. Digitally Enabled Social Change: Activism in the Internet Age. Cambridge: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebert, Kim, and Okamoto, Dina G.. 2013. Social Citizenship, Integration, and Collective Action: Immigrant Civic Engagement in the U.S. Social Forces 91, 4: 1267–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fillieule, Olivier, and Tartakowsky, Danielle. 2013. Demonstrations. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing.Google Scholar
Gould, Roger V. 1995. Insurgent Identities: Class, Community, and Protest in Paris from 1848 to the Commune. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Hammer, Michael J., and Ozan Kalkan, Kerem. 2013. Behind the Curve: Clarifying the Best Approach to Calculating Predicted Probabilities and Marginal Effects from Limited Dependent Variable Models. American Journal of Political Science 57, 1: 263–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnston, Hank. 2009. Cultural Analysis and Contentious Politics. In Culture, Social Movements, and Protest, ed. Johnston, . Aldershot: Ashgate. 3–29.Google Scholar
Kitts, James. 2000. Mobilizing in Black Boxes: Social Networks and Participation in Social Movement Organizations. Mobilization 5, 2: 241–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klandermans, Bert. 2012. Between Rituals and Riots: The Dynamics of Street Demonstrations. Mobilization 17, 3: 233–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klandermans, Bert. 2013. Instrumental Versus Expressive Action. In The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements, ed. Snow, David A., della Porta, Donatella, Klandermans, , and McAdam, Doug. Oxford: Blackwell. 614–16.Google Scholar
Klandermans, Bert, van Laer, Jacquelien, , van Stekelenburg, van Troost, Dunya, van Leeuwen, Anouk, Walgrave, Stefaan, Verhulst, Joris, , Jeroen and , Ruud. 2010. Manual for Data Collection on Protest Demonstrations. Caught in the Act of Protest: Contextualizing Contestation (CCC). Version 3.0. www.protestsurvey.eu. Accessed September 8, 2012.Google Scholar
Klandermans, Bert, van Troost, Jacquelien, Damen, Marie-Louise, van Troost, Dunya and van Leeuwen, Anouk. 2014. Mobilization Without Organization: The Case of Unaffiliated Demonstrators. European Sociological Review 30, 6: 702–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klandermans, Bert, van der Toorn, Jojanneke and van Stekelenburg, Jacquelien. 2008. Embeddedness and Identity: How Immigrants Turn Grievances into Action. American Sociological Review 73, 6: 992–1012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kolins Givan, Rebecca, Roberts, Kenneth and Soule, Sarah. 2010. Introduction: The Dimensions of Diffusion. In The Diffusion of Social Movements, ed. Kolins Givan, Roberts, and Soule, . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krinsky, John, and Crossley, Nick. 2014. Social Movements and Social Networks: Introduction. Social Movement Studies 13, 1: 1–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, Francis L.F. 2010. The Perceptual Bases of Collective Efficacy and Protest Participation: The Case of Pro-Democracy Protests in Hong Kong. International Journal of Public Opinion Research 22, 3: 392–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lim, Chaeyoon. 2008. Social Networks and Political Participation: How Do Networks Matter? Social Forces 87, 2: 961–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marwell, Gerald, and Oliver, Pamela. 1993. The Critical Mass in Collective Action: A Micro-Social Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAdam, Doug. 1988. Freedom Summer. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McAdam, Doug. 1999. Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930–1970. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAdam, Doug, and Paulsen, Ronnelle. 1993. Specifying the Relationship Between Social Ties and Activism. American Journal of Sociology 99, 3: 640–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCammon, Holly. 2003. “Out of the Parlors and Into the Streets”: The Changing Tactical Repertoire of the U.S. Women's Suffrage Movements. Social Forces 81: 787–818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McPhail, Clark. 1991. The Myth of the Madding Crowd. New York: Aldine.Google Scholar
Meyer, David S. 2014. The Politics of Protest: Social Movements in America. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Opp, Karl-Dieter, Gern, Christiane and Voss, Peter. 1995. Origins of a Spontaneous Revolution: East Germany 1989. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Passy, Florence. 2001. Socialization, Connection, and the Structure/Agency Gap: A Specification of the Impact of Networks on Participation in Social Movements. Mobilization 6, 2: 173–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, Robert D. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Saunders, Clare. 2014. Anti-politics in Action? Measurement Dilemmas in the Study of Unconventional Political Participation. Political Research Quarterly 67, 3: 574–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saunders, Clare, Grasso, Maria, Olcese, Cristiana, Rainsford, Emily and Rootes, Christopher. 2012. Explaining Differential Protest Participation: Novices, Returners, Repeaters, and Stalwarts. Mobilization 17, 3: 263–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scacco, Alexandra. 2010. Who Riots? Explaining Individual Participation in Ethnic Violence. Ph.D. diss., Department of Political Science, Columbia University.Google Scholar
Schussman, Alan, and Soule, Sarah A.. 2005. Process and Protest: Accounting for Individual Protest Participation. Social Forces 84, 2: 1083–1108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva, Eduardo. 2009. Challenging Neoliberalism in Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snow, David, and McAdam, Doug. 2000. Identity Work Processes in the Context of Social Movements: Clarifying the Identity/Movement Nexus. In Self, Identity, and Social Movements, ed. Stryker, Sheldon, Owens, Timothy J., and Wright, Robert W.. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 41–67.Google Scholar
Snow, David A., Zurcher, Louis A. and Ekland-Olson, Sheldon. 1980. Social Networks and Social Movements: A Microstructural Approach to Differential Recruitment. American Sociological Review 45: 787–801.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stryker, Sheldon. 2000. Identity Competition: Key to Differential Social Movement Participation? In Self, Identity, and Social Movements, ed. Stryker, Timothy Owens, J., and Wright, Robert W.. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 1–21.Google Scholar
Taylor, Verta, and Van Dyke, Nella. 2004. “Get Up, Stand Up”: Tactical Repertoires of Social Movements. In The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, ed. Snow, David A., Soule, Sarah A., and Kriesi, Hanspeter. Oxford: Blackwell. 262–93.Google Scholar
Taylor, Verta, Kimport, Katrina, Ann Andersen, Ellen, van Dyke, Nella and. 2009. Culture and Mobilization: Tactical Repertoires, Same-Sex Weddings, and the Impact on Gay Activism. American Sociological Review 74, 6: 865–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilly, Charles. 1978. From Mobilization to Revolution. Reading: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Trejo, Guillermo. 2012. Popular Movements in Autocracies: Religion, Repression, and Indigenous Collective Action. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Dyke, Nella, Dixon, Marc and Carlon, Helen. 2007. Manufacturing Dissent: Labor Revitalization, Union Summer, and Student Protest. Social Forces 88, 1: 193–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Stekelenburg, Jacquelien, and Klandermans, Bert. 2007. Individuals in Movements: A Social Psychology of Contention. In Handbook of Social Movements Across Disciplines, ed. Klandermans, and Roggenband, Conny. New York: Springer. 157–204.Google Scholar
Van Stekelenburg, Jacquelien, and Klandermans, Bert. 2014. Fitting Demand and Supply: How Identification Brings Appeals and Motives Together. Social Movement Studies 13, 2: 179–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verba, Sidney, Lehman Schlozman, Kay and Brady, Henry E.. 1995. Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Viterna, Jocelyn. 2013. Women in War: The Micro-processes of Mobilization in El Salvador. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walgrave, Stefaan, and Rucht, Dieter, eds. 2010. The World Says No to War. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walgrave, Stefaan, and Verhulst, Joris. 2011. Selection and Response Bias in Protest Surveys. Mobilization 16, 2: 203–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walgrave, Stefaan, and Wouters, Ruud. 2014. The Missing Link in the Diffusion of Protest: Asking Others. American Journal of Sociology 119, 6: 1670–1709.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, Heather. 2001. Social Movements and Economic Transition: Markets and Distributive Conflict in Mexico. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Inclán and Almeida supplementary material

Appendix

Download Inclán and Almeida supplementary material(File)
File 25.7 KB