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Weed Control in Oat (Avena sativa)-Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and Effect on Next Year Corn (Zea mays) Yield

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Russell S. Moomaw
Russell S. Moomaw*
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Nebraska, Concord, NE 68728
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted from 1985 through 1989 to evaluate herbicide selectivity and impact on seeding-year yields of spring oat and underseeded alfalfa, and carryover weed control benefits from increased legume-fixed N for second-year dryland no-till corn. PRE metolachlor, pendimethalin, and prodiamine controlled green foxtail and POST bromoxynil or 2,4-DB controlled broadleaf weeds. These herbicides caused 0 to 20% alfalfa injury and 0 to 17% oat injury, and increased oat yield one of three years but did not increase the yield of underseeded alfalfa. POST pyridate, thifensulfuron, and tribenuron were too injurious to either oat, alfalfa, or both crops. Forage yields of annual ‘Nitro’ and perennial ‘Wrangler’ alfalfa seeded alone were greater than when they were underseeded in oat, with herbicides applied in both systems. As a result of drought in 1988 and 1989, yield of second-year corn planted after one-year alfalfa was not increased from potentially greater legume-fixed N. Dryland corn yield following monoculture oat or corn was 254% higher than corn following alfalfa.

Keywords

Benefin, N-butyl-N-ethyl-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenaminebromoxynil, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrilemetolachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamidependimethalin, N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamineprodiamine, 2,4-dinitro-N3,N3-dipropyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-benzenediaminepyridate, O-(6-chloro-3-phenyl-4-pyridazinyl) S-octyl carbonothioatethifensulfuron, 3-[[[[4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acidtribenuron, 2-[[[[4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)methylamino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acid2,4-DB, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acidalfalfa, Medicago sativa L.corn, Zea mays L.green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. # SETVIoat, Avena sativa L.Companion seedingcover cropcrop rotationforagesolo seedingpyridatethifensulfurontribenuronAbutilon theophrastiABUTH
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 6 , Issue 4 , December 1992 , pp. 871 - 877
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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