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Evaluation of Postprescription Review and Feedback as a Method of Promoting Rational Antimicrobial Use: A Multicenter Intervention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Sara E. Cosgrove ,
Susan K. Seo ,
Maureen K. Bolon ,
Kent A. Sepkowitz ,
Michael W. Climo ,
Daniel J. Diekema ,
Kathleen Speck ,
Vidhya Gunaseelan ,
Gary A. Noskin  and
Loreen A. Herwaldt
...Show all authors
Sara E. Cosgrove*
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Susan K. Seo
Affiliation:
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
Maureen K. Bolon
Affiliation:
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
Kent A. Sepkowitz
Affiliation:
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
Michael W. Climo
Affiliation:
Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
Daniel J. Diekema
Affiliation:
University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
Kathleen Speck
Affiliation:
Quality and Safety Research Group, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Vidhya Gunaseelan
Affiliation:
Antimicrobial Stewardship Program, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Gary A. Noskin
Affiliation:
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
Loreen A. Herwaldt
Affiliation:
University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
Edward Wong
Affiliation:
Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
Trish M. Perl
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
*
Osler 425, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287 (scosgrol@jhmi.edu)
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Abstract

Objective.

To evaluate the impact of postprescription review of broad-spectrum antimicrobial (study-ABX) agents on rates of antimicrobial use.

Design.

Quasi-experimental before-after study.

Setting.

Five academic medical centers.

Patients.

Adults receiving at least 48 hours of study-ABX.

Methods.

The baseline, intervention, and follow-up periods were 6 months each in 2 units at each of 5 sites. Adults receiving at least 48 hours of study-ABX entered the cohort as case-patients. During the intervention, infectious-diseases physicians reviewed the cases after 48 hours of study-ABX. The provider was contacted with alternative recommendations if antimicrobial use was considered to be unjustified on the basis of predetermined criteria. Acceptance rates were assessed 48 hours later. The primary outcome measure was days of study-ABX per 1,000 study-patient-days in the baseline and intervention periods.

Results.

There were 1,265 patients in the baseline period and 1,163 patients in the intervention period. Study-ABX use decreased significantly during the intervention period at 2 sites: from 574.4 to 533.8 study-ABX days/1,000 patient-days (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88-0.97; P = .002) at hospital В and from 615.6 to 514.4 study-ABX days/1,000 patient-days (IRR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.79-0.88; P < .001) at hospital D. Both had established antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP). Study-ABX use increased at 2 sites and stayed the same at 1 site. At all institutions combined, 390 of 1,429 (27.3%) study-ABX courses were assessed as unjustified; recommendations to modify or stop therapy were accepted for 260 (66.7%) of these courses.

Conclusions.

Postprescription review of study-ABX decreased antimicrobial utilization in some of the study hospitals and may be more effective when performed as part of an established ASP.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 33 , Issue 4: Special Topic Issue: Antimicrobial Stewardship , April 2012 , pp. 374 - 380
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2012

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