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DYNAMICS OF PYRETHROID RESISTANCE IN HORN FLY, HAEMATOBIA IRRITANS (L.) (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE), POPULATIONS ON TAGGED AND UNTAGGED CATTLE IN MANITOBA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Felix S. Mwangala  and
Terry D. Galloway
Felix S. Mwangala
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Terry D. Galloway
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
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Abstract

Initially, fenvalerate and permethrin tags at two tags per animal and one tag for every other animal nearly eliminated horn flies [Haematobia irritons (L.)] at Glenlea Research Station, Manitoba. However, fly numbers increased 8 weeks post-treatment in 1987 and 6 weeks post-treatment in 1988. LC50 values of the flies to fenvalerate and permethrin increased toward the end of each season but the slope of regression lines decreased in 1987. In 1988, initial LC50 values were lower compared with those observed at the end of the 1987 season. When tags were applied in 1988, LC50 values increased from 0.42 to 3.14 μg per cm2 for fenvalerate and from 2.06 to 10.76 μg per cm2 for permethrin. Mortality observed at discriminating concentrations of fenvalerate (0.625 μg per cm2) and permethrin (5 μg per cm2) during the season decreased from 67.9 to 2.8% and from 66.8 to 5.7%, respectively. Cattle at Glenlea and in a second herd at Libau were not treated in 1989; susceptibility of flies resistant to pyrethroids did not change significantly during the season in these herds. Discontinuing use of pyrethroid-impregnated ear tags for one season was not long enough for substantial reduction in resistance to occur.

Résumé

Au départ, les plaquettes imprégnées de fenvalérate, à raison de deux plaquettes par animal, et de perméthrine, à raison de une plaquette pour deux animaux, parvenaient à éliminer presque totalement les Mouches des cornes [Haematobia irritans (L.)] à la station de recherche de Glenlea, Manitoba. Cependant, le nombre de mouches s’est mis à augmenter 8 semaines après le traitement en 1987, et 6 semaines après le traitement en 1988. Les concentrations LC50 des deux insecticides ont augmenté vers la fin de chaque saison, mais les pentes des droites de régression se sont avérées plus faibles en 1987. En 1988, les concentrations LC50 initiales étaient plus faibles que celles obtenues à la fin de la saison en 1987. Après la pose des plaquettes en 1988, les concentrations LC50 ont augmenté de 0,42 à 3,14 μg par cm2 dans le cas du fenvalérate et de 2,06 à 10,76 μg par cm2 dans le cas de la perméthrine. La mortalité observée à des concentrations discriminantes de fenvalérate (0,625 μg par cm2) et de perméthrine (5 μg par cm2) durant la saison a diminué de 67,9 à 2,8% dans le cas du premier insecticide et de 66,8 à 5,7% dans le cas du second. Les animaux de Glenlea et ceux d’un autre troupeau à Libau n’ont pas été traités en 1989; la sensibilité des mouches résistantes aux pyréthroïdes n’a pas changé significativement au cours de la saison chez ces animaux. La cessation de l’emploi des plaquettes imprégnées de pyréthroïdes sur les oreilles des animaux au cours d’une seule saison ne suffit pas à réduire de façon substantielle la résistance à ces insecticides.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 125 , Issue 5 , October 1993 , pp. 839 - 845
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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