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77 results

Page 1 of 4

  • Cardiac rehabilitation in the paediatric Fontan population: development of a home-based high-intensity interval training programme
  • Michael Khoury, Devin B. Phillips, Peter W. Wood, William R. Mott, Michael K. Stickland, Pierre Boulanger, Gwen R. Rempel, Jennifer Conway, Andrew S. Mackie, Nee S. Khoo
  • Journal: Cardiology in the Young / Volume 30 / Issue 10 / October 2020
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 July 2020, pp. 1409-1416
  • Print publication: October 2020
  • View abstract
    Introduction:

    We evaluated the safety and feasibility of high-intensity interval training via a novel telemedicine ergometer (MedBIKE™) in children with Fontan physiology.

    Methods:

    The MedBIKE™ is a custom telemedicine ergometer, incorporating a video game platform and live feed of patient video/audio, electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, and power output, for remote medical supervision and modulation of work. There were three study phases: (I) exercise workload comparison between the MedBIKE™ and a standard cardiopulmonary exercise ergometer in 10 healthy adults. (II) In-hospital safety, feasibility, and user experience (via questionnaire) assessment of a MedBIKE™ high-intensity interval training protocol in children with Fontan physiology. (III) Eight-week home-based high-intensity interval trial programme in two participants with Fontan physiology.

    Results:

    There was good agreement in oxygen consumption during graded exercise at matched work rates between the cardiopulmonary exercise ergometer and MedBIKE™ (1.1 ± 0.5 L/minute versus 1.1 ± 0.5 L/minute, p = 0.44). Ten youth with Fontan physiology (11.5 ± 1.8 years old) completed a MedBIKE™ high-intensity interval training session with no adverse events. The participants found the MedBIKE™ to be enjoyable and easy to navigate. In two participants, the 8-week home-based protocol was tolerated well with completion of 23/24 (96%) and 24/24 (100%) of sessions, respectively, and no adverse events across the 47 sessions in total.

    Conclusion:

    The MedBIKE™ resulted in similar physiological responses as compared to a cardiopulmonary exercise test ergometer and the high-intensity interval training protocol was safe, feasible, and enjoyable in youth with Fontan physiology. A randomised-controlled trial of a home-based high-intensity interval training exercise intervention using the MedBIKE™ will next be undertaken.

  • Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in offspring of parents with depression and bipolar disorder
  • Lukas Propper, Jill Cumby, Victoria C. Patterson, Vladislav Drobinin, Jacqueline M. Glover, Lynn E. MacKenzie, Jessica Morash-Conway, Sabina Abidi, Alexa Bagnell, David Lovas, Tomas Hajek, William Gardner, Kathleen Pajer, Martin Alda, Rudolf Uher
  • Journal: The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 210 / Issue 6 / June 2017
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 January 2018, pp. 408-412
  • Print publication: June 2017
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    Background

    It has been suggested that offspring of parents with bipolar disorder are at increased risk for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), but the specificity of this association has not been established.

    Aims

    We examined the specificity of DMDD to family history by comparing offspring of parents with (a) bipolar disorder, (b) major depressive disorder and (c) a control group with no mood disorders.

    Method

    We established lifetime diagnosis of DMDD using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children for DSM-5 in 180 youth aged 6–18 years, including 58 offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, 82 offspring of parents with major depressive disorder and 40 control offspring.

    Results

    Diagnostic criteria for DMDD were met in none of the offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, 6 of the offspring of parents with major depressive disorder and none of the control offspring. DMDD diagnosis was significantly associated with family history of major depressive disorder.

    Conclusions

    Our results suggest that DMDD is not specifically associated with a family history of bipolar disorder and may be associated with parental depression.

  • Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Alcohol Consumption Across Youth and Early Adulthood
  • Daniel E. Adkins, Shaunna L. Clark, William E. Copeland, Martin Kennedy, Kevin Conway, Adrian Angold, Hermine Maes, Youfang Liu, Gaurav Kumar, Alaattin Erkanli, Ashwin A. Patkar, Judy Silberg, Tyson H. Brown, David M. Fergusson, L. John Horwood, Lindon Eaves, Edwin J. C. G. van den Oord, Patrick F. Sullivan, E. J. Costello
  • Journal: Twin Research and Human Genetics / Volume 18 / Issue 4 / August 2015
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 June 2015, pp. 335-347
  • Print publication: August 2015
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    The public health burden of alcohol is unevenly distributed across the life course, with levels of use, abuse, and dependence increasing across adolescence and peaking in early adulthood. Here, we leverage this temporal patterning to search for common genetic variants predicting developmental trajectories of alcohol consumption. Comparable psychiatric evaluations measuring alcohol consumption were collected in three longitudinal community samples (N = 2,126, obs = 12,166). Consumption-repeated measurements spanning adolescence and early adulthood were analyzed using linear mixed models, estimating individual consumption trajectories, which were then tested for association with Illumina 660W-Quad genotype data (866,099 SNPs after imputation and QC). Association results were combined across samples using standard meta-analysis methods. Four meta-analysis associations satisfied our pre-determined genome-wide significance criterion (FDR < 0.1) and six others met our ‘suggestive’ criterion (FDR <0.2). Genome-wide significant associations were highly biological plausible, including associations within GABA transporter 1, SLC6A1 (solute carrier family 6, member 1), and exonic hits in LOC100129340 (mitofusin-1-like). Pathway analyses elaborated single marker results, indicating significant enriched associations to intuitive biological mechanisms, including neurotransmission, xenobiotic pharmacodynamics, and nuclear hormone receptors (NHR). These findings underscore the value of combining longitudinal behavioral data and genome-wide genotype information in order to study developmental patterns and improve statistical power in genomic studies.

The Woodcutters of the Netherlands in the Fifteenth Century
  • The Woodcutters of the Netherlands in the Fifteenth Century
  • In Three Parts
  • William Martin Conway
  • Published online: 05 June 2015
  • Print publication: 12 March 2015
  • View description
    Sir William Martin Conway (1856–1937), well known as an alpinist (his The Alps from End to End is also reissued in this series), was by profession an art historian. Supported by Henry Bradshaw of the University of Cambridge, he pursued his interest in the woodcuts and early printed books of the Low Countries, publishing this work in 1884. The study considers both prints and books, noting instances of the reuse of the same blocks in different works by different printers. The first part surveys the craftsmen (many of whom are anonymous) by town, and the second is a comprehensive catalogue of the cuts, with short descriptions, ordered according to their makers. The final part is a catalogue of the books in which the cuts appeared. Particular attention is paid to the work of Gheraert Leeu, the most prolific Dutch printer of his time, who worked in Gouda and subsequently in Antwerp.

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