Nanoporous metals prepared by the corrosion of an alloy can take the form of monolithic, millimeter-sized bodies containing approximately 1015 nanoscale ligaments per cubic millimeter. The ligament size can reach down to the very limits of stability of nanoscale objects. The processes by which nanoporous metals are formed have continued to be fascinating, even though their study in relation to surface treatment, metal refinement, and failure mechanisms can be traced back to ancient times. In fact, the prospect of using alloy corrosion as a means of making nanomaterials for fundamental studies and functional applications has led to a revived interest in the process. The quite distinct mechanical properties of nanoporous metals are one of the focus points of this interest, as relevant studies probe the deformation behavior of crystals at the lower end of the size scale. Furthermore, the coupling of bulk stress and strain to the forces acting along the surface of nanoporous metals provide unique opportunities for controlling the mechanical behavior through external variables such as the electrical or chemical potentials.

A two-phase survey of mental disorders uses a screening test to identify possible cases, thereby reducing the resources devoted to interviewing those not having the condition of interest. It is demonstrated using a mathematical model that in situations likely to be encountered in practice a two-phase design may lead to an increase in the efficiency of prevalence rate estimation, and also to an improvement in the efficiency of case detection. However, in certain applications the modest gain in efficiency may not warrant the additional complexity of a two-phase approach to data collection. Data from a survey of mental disorders in Edmonton, Canada, which collected informations on 3258 community residents using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and the General Health Questionnaire, are used to demonstrate how two-phase methods would have changed the efficiency of an actual survey.

An aging assessment of the OPG waste resin storage system predicted the potential for premature failure of the carbon steel resin liners. Consequently, resin liners made of 316L stainless steel with a minimum content of 2.5% molybdenum were selected to replace the carbon steel liners. The 2.5% Mo 316L stainless steel was specified to enhance pitting resistance in the spent resin environment. With the additional Mo, one would expect that a brief electrochemical corrosion test will reveal the superiority of such alloy over conventional 316L steel. This study reports a contrary experience

Background. A recent meta-analysis provides evidence that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is familial. However, two of the key studies relied on subjects who were self-selected or recruited from the clinic setting, thereby limiting generalizability.

Method. We conducted a family study of GAD in which probands and controls came from a community sample originally enrolled in a prevalence study in Edmonton, Canada. One hundred and sixty probands, 764 controls and 2386 first-degree relatives (FDRs) were interviewed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS); lifetime diagnoses were made according to DSM-III criteria without exclusions. Logistic regression analysis was performed with GAD (in a proband) as the ‘exposure’, and GAD in an FDR as the ‘outcome’. Several analytic strategies were used to control for potential confounding by major depressive disorder (MDD) and several anxiety disorders (panic disorder, phobic disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder).

Results. The odds ratios for the association between GAD in a proband and GAD in an FDR were in the range 1·4–1·8 when the entire FDR sample was analysed, and in the range 2·1–2·8 when we restricted to FDRs who were children of probands and controls.

Conclusion. In the community setting, GAD exhibits mild to moderate familial aggregation.